Türkiye’de Uzun-dönem Genç İşsizliği: Hanehalkı İşgücü İstatistiklerinden Bulgular

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 412 - 426, 31.05.2024

Ayhan Görmüş

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1276280

Abstract

İşsizlik bireylerin ekonomik ve sosyal yaşantısı üzerinde yıkıcı sonuçlar doğuran en önemli sosyal risklerden biridir. Bir de işsizlik süresinin uzamasıyla, bir taraftan işsizler ve aileleri için yaşam koşulları giderek zorlaşırken, uzun dönem işsizler, işverenlerin gözünde damgalanmakta ve iş bulmakta çok daha fazla engellerle karşılaşmaktadırlar. Uzun dönem işsizlik gençler arasında çok daha yaygın bir şekilde gözlenen bir fenomendir. Bu açıdan uzun dönem işsizlik çoğu zaman genç işsizliğinin bir türü olarak algılanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, 2021 Türkiye Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi mikro verisini kullanarak, uzun dönem işsizliğinin demografik ve işsizlikle ilgili değişkenler arasındaki ilişkisinde, genç kadın ve erkek arasındaki farklılıkları inceleyen bir analiz sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sonuçlar vasıf ve iş deneyimi eksikliği, yetersiz iş arama kanalı kullanımı, yeni mezun olmak ve profesyonel ya da yarı vasıf gerektiren pozisyonlarda bir iş aramak uzun dönem genç işsizliğini artırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, üniversite derecesi kazanımları gençleri uzun dönem işsizliğe karşı koruyamamaktadır. Bu bağlamlarda, genç kadınlar uzun dönem işsizlik açısından genç erkeklerden daha fazla dezavantaja sahiptir.

Keywords

Genç, Cinsiyet, İşsizlik, Uzun dönem işsizlik, Demografi

Long-term Youth Unemployment in Turkey: Findings from the Labour Force Statistics

Abstract

Unemployment is one of the most important social risks that have devastating consequences on the economic and social life of individuals. With the prolongation of the unemployment period, while the living conditions for the unemployed and their families become increasingly difficult, the long-term unemployed are stigmatised in the eyes of employers and face many more obstacles in finding a job. Long-term unemployment is a much more common phenomenon among young people. In this respect, long-term unemployment is often perceived as youth unemployment. This study aims to present an analysis that examines the differences between young women and men in the relationship between long-term unemployment and demographic and unemployment-related variables, using microdata from the 2021 Turkey Labour Force Survey. The study reveals that lack of skills and work experience, use of inadequate job search channels, new-graduated, and seeking a job in professional or semi-skilled positions among youth increase long-term youth unemployment. Also, university degree attainments cannot protect young people against long-term unemployment. In these contexts, young women have more disadvantaged than young men in terms of long-term unemployment.

Keywords

Youth, Gender, Unemployment, Long-term unemployment, Logistic regression, Demography

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