Türkiye’de Startup Girişimlerine Bakış: Çanakkale İlinde Bir Vaka Analizi

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 533 - 550, 31.05.2024

Serkan Özdemir Serdar Arslan Fulya Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1388324

Abstract

Startuplar hem işletme biliminde hem de mevcut girişimcilik eğilimlerinde giderek önem kazanan bir kavram olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Dinamik ve yenilikçi süreçlerden oluşan startup girişimleri, girişimcilik ekosistemine katkı açısından daha fazla incelenmelidir. Bu bağlamda hem teorik çerçevelerden yararlanan hem de araştırma metodolojisi ile keşifsel bir nitelik taşıyan bu araştırma, genellenebilir bulgular ortaya koymayı, startuplara yönelik gelecek araştırmalara ışık tutmayı ve ülkemizdeki startupları destekleyici faaliyetlere yön vermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Robogil markasına yönelik sahada gözlemler gerçekleştirilmiş ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları aracılığı ile işletmenin girişimcisi ve yöneticilerinden derinlemesine mülakatlar gerçekleştirilerek veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler startuplara yönelik literatür çerçevesi bağlamında kategorize edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sorularının cevapları söz konusu startupın güçlü yönleri, zayıf yönleri, fırsat ve tehditlerinden oluşan temalar çerçevesinde kategorize edilmiş ve bu kapsamda 19 alt temaya ulaşılmıştır. Alt temalar sonuç kısmında literatür kapsamında tartışılmaktadır.

Keywords

Start up, Çanakkale, Girişimcilik, Vaka Analizi

A Look at Startups in Turkey: A Case Analysis in Çanakkale City

Abstract

Startups are emerging as a notion that is becoming increasingly significant in the fields of business science and modern entrepreneurship trends. There is a need for a more thorough examination of startup projects, which involve dynamic and innovative procedures, to assess their impact on the entrepreneurial ecosystem Within this particular setting, the present study employs theoretical frameworks and adopts an exploratory research technique. Its primary objective is to uncover findings that can be used universally, provide insights for future research on startups, and offer guidance for initiatives that help entrepreneurs in Turkey. To achieve this objective, field observations were conducted to examine the Robogil brand, and data was gathered by conducting in-depth interviews with the entrepreneur and management of the business using semi-structured interview forms. The collected data were classified and analyzed within the framework of the existing literature on startups. The answers were classified into themes based on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and risks of the specific startup. Within this framework, a total of 19 sub-themes were identified. The conclusion discusses sub-themes within its scope.

Keywords

Startup, Çanakkale, Entrepreneurship, Case Study

References

• Aka, S.P., & Özdemirci, A. (2022). Türkiye girişimcilik ekosisteminin kırılma noktaları ve 2001-2020 yılları arasındaki tarihsel süreci. İktisat İşletme ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(2), 195-227.
• Akçomak, İ.S., & Taymaz, E. (2007). Assessing the effectiveness of incubators: the case of Turkey. Business Incubation: An Introduction, 234-265.
• Akın, M.Ş. (2020). Risk sermayesinin yüksek maliyeti ve startuplar’ın izlemesi gereken yatırım stratejisi. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 70(1), 229-245.
• Andrews, D., Criscuolo, C. & Menon, C. (2014). Do resources flow to patenting firms?: Cross-country evidence from firm-level data. OECD Economics Department Working Papers içinde, No.1127, OECD Publishing, Paris. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jz2lpmk0gs6-en
• Balboni, B., Bortoluzzi, G., Pugliese, R., & Tracogna, A. (2019). Business model evolution, contextual ambidexterity and the growth performance of high-tech start-ups. Journal of Business Research, 99, 115-124.
• Becker, H. S. (1970). Sociological work: Method and substance. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
• Bosma, N., & Kelley, D. (2019). Global entrepreneurship monitor 2018/2019, (GEM-2019). https://www.gemconsortium.org/file/open?fileId=50213
• Boz Yılmazer, E., & Tunalıoğlu, R. (2020). Teknokentler ve agroparklar (Türkiye). Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(2), 133-150.
• Breschi, S.J., Lassébie, C., & Menon, C. (2018). A portrait of innovative start-ups across countries (OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers). OECD.
• Blank, S. (2013). Why the lean start-up changes everything. Harvard Business Review, 91(5), 63–72.
• Bresciani, S., & Eppler, M.J. (2010). Brand new ventures? Insights on start‐ups' branding practices. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 19(5), 356-366.
• Beyhan, B., Akçomak, S., & Cetindamar, D. (2021). The startup selection process in accelerators: Qualitative evidence from Turkey. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/erj-2021-0122
• Böyükaslan, H.D., & Özkara, B. (2022). Yabancı el sendromu mu çift yönlülük mü? Start-uplar üzerine çoklu örnek olay çalışması. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13 (Kongre Özel Sayısı), 1-23.
• Cantamessa, M., Gatteschi, V., Perboli, G., & Rosano, M. (2018). Startups’ roads to failure. Sustainability, 10(7), 2346.
• Cohen, S.G. (2013). What do accelerators do? Insights from incubators and angels. Innovations, 8(3/4), 19-25.
• Christensen, C., & Raynor, M. (2013). The innovator’s solution: Creating and sustaining successful growth. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press.
• Chincholkar, S. (2021). Bottleneck to success: Scaling up issues of start-ups. The Journal of Oriental Research Madras, 2021, 60-72.
• Cumhurbaşkanlığı Yatırım Ofisi (2020). The state of Turkish startup ecosystem 2020. https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/library/publications/Lists/InvestPublications/Turk-Startup-Ekosisteminin-Gorunumu.pdf Erişim tarihi: 21.09.2023.
• Çitçi, U.S., & Petekçi, S. (2022). Start-up anlatılarının argümantasyon perspektifinden değerlendirilmesi: İTÜ big bang start-up challenge örnek olayı. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13 (Kongre Özel Sayısı), 258-279.
• Damodaran, A. (2009). Valuing young, start-up and growth companies: Estimation issues and valuation challenges. New York: Stern School of Business, New York University.
• Ertürk, E., & Erdirençelebi, M. (2022). Yeni nesil girişimcilik “start uplar”: Getir örneği. 7th International Entrepreneurship Social Sciences Congress Proceedings Book içinde. June 20-22, 2022, Tashkent/Uzbekistan, 456-464.
• Fidel, R. (1984). The case study method: A case study. Library and Information Science Research, 6(3), 273-288.
• Guceri-Ucar, G., & Koch, S. (2016). Exploring business incubation practices and relationships to drivers of start-up success in Turkey. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 20(1-2), 1-19.
• Gulati, R., & DeSantola, A. (2016). Start-ups that last. How to scale your business. Harvard Business Review, 94(3), 54–61.
• Gulati, R. (2019). The soul of start-up. Harvard Business Review, 97, 85–91.
• Hills, G.E., & Singh, R.P. (2004). Opportunity recognition. In Gartner, W.B., Shaver, K.G., Carter, N.M., & Reynolds, P.D. (Eds.), Handbook of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: The Process of Business Creation (pp. 259-272). Sage, Thousand Oakes.
• Henderson, R. (1993). Underinvestment and incompetence as responses to radical innovation: evidence from the photolithographic alignment equipment industry. The RAND Journal of Economics, 24(2), 248-270.
• Kalfaoğlu, S., & Bedük, A. (2018). Türkiye’nin start-up ekosisteminin incelenmesi: “Osr Robotics” firması örnek olay. Selçuk Üniversitesi Akşehir Meslek Yüksekokulu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(9), 25-40.
• Kim, B., Kim, H., & Jeon, Y. (2018). Critical success factors of a design startup business. Sustainability, 10(9), 2981.
• Koloğlugil, S. (2019). Freelance çalışma, start-up girişimcilik ve işin geleceği: Kurumsalcı bir yaklaşım. Yildiz Social Science Review, 5(2), 237-246.
• Kubaş, A., & Özmen, N.B. (2020). Girişimcilik ve teknopark. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 104-109.
• Kurnaz, G., & Bedük, A. (2017). Türkiye’de ve dünyada melek yatırımcılık. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 20(1), 27-40.
• Levesque, M., Zhao, X., & Bian, J. (2016). Competitive interplay of production decisions: rivalry between established and startup firms. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2807174.
• OECD. (2017). Business dynamics and productivity. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264269231-en
• Oe, A., & Mitsuhashi, H. (2013). Founders' experiences for startups' fast break-even. Journal of Business Research, 66(11), 2193-2201.
• Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota production system: beyond large-scale production. Productivity Press.
• Passaro, R., Quinto, I., Rippa, P., & Thomas, A. (2020). Evolution of collaborative networks supporting startup sustainability: Evidences from digital firms. Sustainability, 12(22), 9437.
• Pukala, R., Sira, E., & Vavrek, R. (2018). Risk management and financing among start-ups. Marketing and Management of Innovations, (3), 153-161.
• Poposka, K., & Mihajloska, E. (2016). The implications and aftermath effects of the financial crisis on startups in EU. Economic Development/Ekonomiski Razvoj, 18(3), 75-90.
• Pugliese, R., Bortoluzzi, G., & Zupic, I. (2016). Putting process on track: empirical research on start-ups’ growth drivers. Management Decision, 54(7), 1633-1648.
• Ries, E. (2011). The lean startup: How today’s entrepreneurs use continuous innovation to create radically successful businesses. New York: Crown Business.
• Schoar, A. (2010). The divide between subsistence and transformational entrepreneurship. Innovation policy and the economy, 10(1), 57-81.
• Shepherd, D.A., & Gruber, M. (2021). The lean start-up framework: closing the academic-practititoner divide. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 45(5), 967-998.
• Skala, A. (2019). Digital startups in transition economies: Challenges for management, entrepreneurship and education. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01500-8
• Slávik, Š., Hudáková, I.M., Procházková, K., & Zagoršek, B. (2022). Strategic background of the start-up—qualitative analysis. Administrative Sciences, 12(1), 17.
• Startup Genome. (2023). The global startup ecosystem report 2023, Startup Genome: San Francisco.
• Straker, K., Peel, S., Nusem, E. & Wrigley, C. (2021). Designing a DANGEROUS unicorn: Lessons from the case of Theranos. Business Horizons, 64(4), 525-536. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.016.
• Stayton, J., & Mangematin, V. (2016). Startup time, innovation and organizational emergence: A study of USA-based international technology ventures. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 14, 373-409.
• Stucki, T. (2014). Success of start-up firms: The role of financial constraints. Industrial and Corporate Change, 23(1), 25-64.
• Teker, S., & Teker, D. (2016). Venture capital and business angels: Turkish case. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 630-637.
• Türkeli, S., & Boyacı, A.R. (2019). Girişimci davranışlarının başlangıç aşamasındaki girişimlere etkisi: Türkiye teknoparkları örneği. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 8(2), 21-38.
• Van Weele, M., van Rijnsoever, F.J., Eveleens, C.P., Steinz, H., van Stijn, N., & Groen, M. (2018). Start-EU-up! Lessons from international incubation practices to address the challenges faced by Western European start-ups. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(5), 1161-1189.
• Welter, C., Scrimpshire, A., Tolonen, D., & Obrimah, E. (2021). The road to entrepreneurial success: business plans, lean startup, or both?. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 21-42.
• Yin, W., HwyChang M., & Yeon W. Lee. (2019). The success factors of Korean global start-ups in the digital sectors through ınternationalization. International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, 14, 42–53.