Since the
existence of humanity, scientists have tried to understand the structure of
light. Access to information about understanding the structure of light begins
with the writing considered as the beginning of science. Light is one of the
most important causes of life on Earth. Light illuminates the Earth's surface,
heats it, provides the realization of natural events and creates the necessary
energy source for the photosynthesis, which is the food source of the plants.
At the same time, light is necessary for people and animals to communicate with
their surroundings. Light is needed for people to understand the events and
situations that take place in their environment. In the absence of light, the
sight phenomenon, which is one of the basic facts of communication on Earth,
cannot be realized. It is important to know what light means for living things
and human beings (Ayvacı, 2011: 261). Therefore, it is important to reveal the
perceptions of individuals with the light concept and to design educational
activities according to the findings. There are many ways to determine the
meanings that individuals create in their minds for the relevant concept.
Metaphors are one of the methods in which an individual express himself /
herself (Schreglmann - Kazancı, 2016: 24; Tulunay Ateş, 2016: 79).
In formal education, metaphors can be used for
different purposes such as diagnostic, formative, or achievement assessment in
the teaching-learning process. Metaphors are a teaching style that help cases,
events and concepts to keep in mind through analogy (Candan - Öztaş, 2017:
508). When students make up such associations, it contributes to their creative
and critical thinking skills. Achieving an unknown case by using a known one
provides information to the teacher for the endurance of the education by
giving knowledge that the students make sense of events and cases in their
mind. Metaphors contribute to the student's ability to relate new knowledge
that he encounters to existing knowledge in his mind. Metaphors help students
to develop their scientific thinking and problem-solving skills in order to
provide metacognitive skills (Saban, 2004: 131). Detection, interpretation, and
association of phenomena varies from person to person. Such a case can be
explained by the concept of metaphoric thinking (Arslan - Bayrakcı, 2006: 101).
Three concepts are important in metaphorical thinking process. These are the
subject of metaphor, the source and the relationship between the source and the
subject (Forceville, 2002: 12). Metaphors are used in teaching process to
determine how concepts, events and situations are perceived and how they are
designed in mind and in concept teaching. In this study, it is aimed to reveal
whether there is any difference in the perceptions of “light” concept in senior
students of Theology and Science Education programs through metaphors. The
study was carried out by using phenomenological method. The study group
consists of 84 (F:54, M:30) senior theology students in the Faculty of Theology
and 63 (F:48, M:15) senior science prospective teachers in the Faculty of
Education of Amasya University, total 147 students depending on volunteer basis
and easy accessibility. The data of the study was collected from the students
in the study group after completing the statement “The Light is like … because
…” and analyzed by content analysis method. According to the results of the
research, the students of theology produced 44 valid and different metaphors
related to the concept of light, and students of science education program
produced 35 valid and different metaphors. The metaphors produced were put into
five categories as “Scientific”, “Emotional”, “Guiding”, “Need” and “Religious
Concepts”. For the students of theology, the metaphors collected in the
categories called ”Scientific“, ”Guiding” and “Emotional” are more than
metaphors collected in “Religious Concepts” and “Need“ categories, whereas for
science students, metaphors collected in the categories called “Scientific“ and
”Need” are more than metaphors collected in ”Guiding” and “Emotional”
categories. In addition, it was determined that science students did not create
any metaphors from metaphors in the category of Religious Concepts formed by
theology students. It is concluded that students in different programs often
create different metaphors as well as similar metaphors for each category,
resulting in students' previous experiences and different types of teachers and
groups of friends they encounter in their educational lives. Such suggestions
are presented depending on the results of the research that it can be
investigated whether the metaphors produced by the students in the university
environment related to the Light concept differ according to their demographic
characteristics such as high school, age and gender and a study can be done to
determine the perceptions of religious concepts for the faculty of theology
students with metaphors.
Eğitim-öğretim
sürecinde metaforlardan, kavram, olay ve durumların nasıl algılandığını,
zihinde nasıl yapılandırıldığını belirlemede ve kavram öğretiminde
yararlanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, İlahiyat ve Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği
programlarındaki son sınıf öğrencilerinin “Işık” kavramına ilişkin algılarında
farklılık olup olmadığını metaforlar aracılığıyla ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından olgubilim yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür.
Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, gönüllük esası ve kolay ulaşılabilirlik durumu
dikkate alınarak Amasya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 84 (K:54, E:30) son sınıf ilahiyat
öğrencisi ile Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 63 (K: 48, E: 15) fen bilgisi
öğrencisi olmak üzere toplam 147 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın
verileri, çalışma grubunda bulunan öğrencilerin “Işık … gibidir. Çünkü …”
ifadesinin tamamlamalarıyla toplanmış ve içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz
edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, ilahiyat öğrencileri ışık kavramına ilişkin
44 geçerli ve farklı metafor, fen bilgisi öğretmenliği öğrencileri ise 35
geçerli ve farklı metafor üretmiştir. Üretilen metaforlar “Bilimsel”,
“Duygusal”, “Yol gösterici”, “İhtiyaç” ve “Dini kavramlar” olmak üzere beş
kategoride toplanmıştır. İlahiyat öğrencileri için “Bilimsel”, “Yol gösterici”
ve “Duygusal” olarak isimlendirilen kategorilerde toplanan metaforların “Dini
Kavramlar” ve “İhtiyaç” kategorilerinde toplanan metaforlardan daha fazla
olduğu, fen bilgisi öğrencileri için ise “Bilimsel” ve “İhtiyaç” olarak
isimlendirilen kategorilerde toplanan metaforların “Yol gösterici” ve
“Duygusal” kategorilerinde toplanan metaforlardan daha fazla olduğu
görülmüştür. Ayrıca ilahiyat öğrencilerinin oluşturduğu “Dini kavramlar”
kategorisindeki metaforlardan fen bilgisi öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin hiçbir
metafor oluşturmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Farklı programlardaki öğrencilerin her
kategori için oluşturdukları benzer metaforların yanında çoğunlukla farklı
metaforlar oluşturması öğrencilerin geçmiş deneyimleri ve eğitim hayatlarında
karşılaştıkları öğretmen ve arkadaş gruplarının farklı olmasından kaynaklandığı
sonucuna varılmıştır.
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
---|---|
Konular | Din Araştırmaları |
Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 20 Haziran 2019 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 |
Amasya İlahiyat Dergisi-Amasya Theology Journal Creative Commons Alıntı-GayriTicari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.