Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği’ne Başvuran Hastalarda İrritabl Barsak Sendromu Sıklığı ve Bu Hastaların Sosyodemografik, Klinik ve Yaşam Tarzı Özellikleri

Öz

Amaç: İrritabl Barsak Sendromu (İBS) genel populasyonun %20’sinden fazlasını etkileyen genellikle 40

yaşından sonra görülen kronik bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışma Aile Hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran

hastalarda İBS sıklığı ve bu hastalarda sosyodemografik, klinik ve yaşam tarzı özelliklerini ve yeme

alışkanlıklarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği’ne herhangi bir nedenle başvuran bireyler

arasından rastgele seçilen, anketi cevaplamayı kabul eden 115 kişi dâhil edildi. Ankette sosyodemografik

özellikler, beslenme ve barsak alışkanlıkları, kronik hastalıklar, eşlik edebilecek semptomlar ve Roma

III kriterleri sorgulandı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 16.00 programında Ki‐kare ve frekans kullanılarak,

p<0.05 anlamlı kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 115 kişinin yaş ortalaması 38,23±15,33 (min=14, maks=82) olup 74’ü (%64,34)

kadın, 41’i (%35,66) erkekti. Roma III kriterlerine göre 115 kişinin 28’inde (%24,34) İBS olduğu saptandı.

İBS pozitif hastaların en sık şikâyeti (%71,42; n=20) kabızlık, en sık başvuru nedenleri sosyal yaşamı

etkileme (%21,42; n=6) ve stresti (%17,85; n=5). İBS şikâyetleri nedeniyle en sık aile hekimliği ve dâhiliye

polikliniklerine başvuruluyordu. En sık yapılan tetkikler ise “Ayakta Direkt Batın Grafisi (ADBG)” ve

“gastrointestinal sistem endoskopisi” idi. Roma III kriterleri ile İBS tanısı alan hastalara en sık baş

ağrısının eşlik ettiği ve bunun da sıklıkla gerilim tipi baş ağrısı ile uyumlu olduğu gözlendi. Roma III

kriteri pozitif olanların kabızlık semptomu ile ilişkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Roma III kriteri

pozitif olanların ishal semptomu ile ilişkisi yine anlamlı bulundu (p=0,020). Roma III kriterleri arasında

en az rastlanılan semptom mukuslu gaitaydı (%14,28; n=4). İBS hastalarının sadece %7,14’sinin (n=2)

tedavi için ilaç kullandığı belirlendi.

Sonuç: İBS toplumumuzda yaklaşık her dört kişiden birini etkileyen ve günlük yaşam kalitesini bozan

bir rahatsızlıktır. Tüm hekimlerin, özellikle de birinci basamak hekimlerinin, İBS’nin tanı kriterlerini

dikkatli sorgulaması, doğru tedavi için hastalarını yönlendirmeleri ve takip etmeleri büyük önem

taşımaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İrritabl Barsak Sendromu,Roma III Kriterleri,yaşam tarzı,aile hekimliği

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Prevalence and Sociodemographic, Clinical and Lifestyle Features of Patients Admitted to Family Medicine Policlinic

Abstract

Abstract

Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disease that affect more than 20% of general population and mostly seen after 40 years old. In this study, it was aimed to investigate IBS prevalence in people applied to Family Medicine Policlinics, and their socio-demographic, clinical and lifestyle features.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed to 115 patients who accepted to answer the questionnaire and selected randomly among people who applied to Medicine Policlinic for any reason. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic data, dietary and bowel habits,chronic diseases,concomitant symptoms and Rome III criteria. The data was analyzed by SPSS 16.00 program, using Chi-Square and p<0,005 was accepted statistically significant.

Results: Mean age of 115 participants was 38.23±15.33 (min: 14, max: 82) and 74 of them were women (64.34%), 41 were men (35.66%). IBS was determined in 28 of (24.34%) participants, according to Rome III criteria. Most common problem of IBS positive patients’ was constipation (71.42%; n=20), most common reason to come hospital was the IBS’s effect on social life (%21.42; n=6) and stress (17.85%; n=5). They mostly applied to Family Medicine and Internal Medicine policlinics. Also the most common tests were abdominal x-ray and gastrointestinal endoscopy. In IBS patients, who diagnosed via Rome III criteria, frequently had tension-type headache.Relation of constipation symptoms to those with positive Rome III criteria was significant (p<0,001). Relation of diarrhea symptoms to those with positive Rome III criteria was significant again (p=0,020). Mucoid feces was the least common (14.28%; n=4) symptom among Rome III criteria positive patients. It has been determined that just 7.14% (n=2) of IBS patients take medicine for the treatment.

Conclusion: IBS is a disease that affects nearly one of four people in our population and worsen the life quality. It is very important to pay attention to query the diagnostic criteria of IBS, to motive the patients for the right treatment and to follow up them for all the physicians, especially who work in primary care.

Keywords

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome,Rome III Criteria,lifestyle,family medicine

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