Relationships of Pain Intensity, Kinesiophobia and Quality of Life in Chronic Subacromial Pain Syndrome

Abstract

Objectives: Shoulder pain is an important and frequently reported biopsychosocial problem. In addition to physical problems, understanding of psychological problems that contribute to shoulder pain is important for the treatment process. Therefore, the purpose was to investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia, demographic characteristics, pain intensity and quality of life in patients seeking conservative treatment for chronic subacromial pain syndrome

Materials and Methods: Patients with chronic shoulder pain who applied to İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. Demographic data of the patients were recorded. The pain severity with Visual Analogue Scale, kinesiophobia with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), and quality of life with SF-36 quality of life index were assessed. In statistical analysis, Spearman and Kendall Correlation Analysis were used. Statistical significance level was set at p <0.05.

Results: Ninety-five patients, 32 male and 63 female, were included in the study. The median age was 51 (40-61) years, TSK score was 43(38-47), pain at rest was 3(0-5), pain during activity was 7 (5-8), SF-36 physical component (PC) and mental component (MC) scores were 36.50(29.3-42.1) and 42(34.9-49.6), respectively. While there was no difference between the pain (rest pain female/male= 3/2, p=0.054; activity pain female/male= 7/6, p=0.187) and kinesophobia scores (female/male=43/41, p=0,185) between genders, physical (female/male= 34.40 /41.40, p=0.001) and mental components (female/male=37.70/48.45, p=0.000) of quality of life was lower in women. Kinesiophobia score showed correlations with educational level, physical and mental components of quality of life (r= -0.163, p= 0.039; r= -0.499, p= 0.000; r= -0.279, p= 0.006).

Conclusion: Patients with subacromial pain syndrome had high kinesiophobia scores. Female and male participants showed similar pain and kinesiophobia, however, quality of life scores were better in male participants. Kinesiophobia showed negative correlations with the level of education, SF-36 scores. It is important to consider kinesiophobia, education level and quality of life integrations in chronic shoulder rehabilitation.

Keywords

• Shoulder pain,Quality of life,Kinesiophobia

Kronik Subakromiyal Ağrı Sendromunda Ağrı Şiddeti, Kinezyofobi ve Yaşam Kalitesi Arasındaki Ilişki

Öz

Amaç: Omuz ağrısı sıkça karşılaşılan biyopsikososyal bir problemdir. Fiziksel problemlerin yanı sıra, omuz ağrısına katkıda bulunan psikolojik sorunların anlaşılması, tedavi süreci açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle çalışmanın amacı kronik subakromiyal ağrı sendromunda demografik özellikler, ağrı şiddeti, kinezyofobi ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktı.

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya İzmir Atatürk Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesine başvuran kronik omuz ağrılı hastalar dâhil edildi. Hastaların demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Ağrı şiddeti Görsel Analog Skala ile, kinezyofobi Tampa Kinezyofobi anketi (TSK) ile ve yaşam kalitesi SF-36 yaşam kalitesi indeksi ile değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analizde spearman ve kendal korolesyan analizi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p< 0,05 olarak kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya 32’ si erkek, 63’ü kadın olan 95 hasta alındı. Olguların yaş ortancaları 51 (40-61) yıl, TSK skoru 43 (38-47), istirahat ağrısı(3 (0-5), aktivite sırasındaki ağrı 7 (5-8), SF-36 fiziksel bileşen (PC) ve mental bileşen (MC) skorları sırasıyla 36,50 (29,3-42,1) ve 42 (34,9-49,6) du. Cinsiyetler arasında ağrı (istirahat ağrısı kadın/erkek= 3/2, p=0,054; aktivite ağrısı kadın/erkek= 7/6, p= 0,187) ve kinezyofobi skorları (kadın/erkek= 43/41, p= 0,185) arasında fark yokken, yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel (kadın/erkek= 34,40 /41,40, p= 0,001) ve mental komponentlerinin ( kadın/erkek= 37,70/48,45, p= 0,000) kadınlarda daha düşük olduğu bulundu. Kinezyofobi skorunun eğitim düzeyi, yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel ve mental komponenti ile ilişkili olduğu bulundu (r= -0,163, p= 0,039; r= -0,499, p= 0,000; r= -0,279, p= 0,006).

Sonuç: Subakromiyal ağrı sendromu olan hastalarda kinezyofobi skorları yüksek bulundu. Ağrı ve kinezyofobi değerleri kadın ve erkeklerde benzer bulunurken, erkek katılımcılarda yaşam kalitesi puanları daha iyi bulunmuştur. Kinezyofobi ile eğitim düzeyi ve yaşam kalitesi arasında negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Kronik omuz ağrı rehabilitasyonunda kinezyofobi, eğitim düzeyi ve yaşam kalitesi entegrasyonlarının dikkate alınmasının önemli olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Omuz ağrısı,Yaşam kalitesi,Kinezyofobi

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