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Body Perception and Obesity

Year 2014, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, - , 25.09.2014
https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.02494

Abstract

Objective: Ordinary people pay more attention to the obesity’s body image aspect compared to its negative effects on health. Theories of body perception contend that women and men perceive their bodies differently. Some people estimate their weight less due to a distorted perception. Body perception is not coherent with the reality at all times. It is a subjective evaluation related to how that person perceives himself or herself. Moreover, beauty is accepted as synonymous with a slim body almost everywhere in the world and it is thought that if a person minds his/her weight, then he/she also likes his/her body and himself/herself and has a higher self-esteem. Positive perception for girls is having a slim body, and for men a muscular, athletic type of body.

Material and methods: Body mass indeks (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) of 1241 people from both sexes are measured. Participants have been provided with a questionnaire and asked what they think about their weight. The summary statistics and the correlation analysis have been performed to support the results. In addition, the logistic regression analysis was used to determine the rates of body perception errors.

Conclusions and result: It is found that non-obese participants from both sexes have more accurate body perception. On the other hand, obese participants tend to consider themselves as if their weights are normal. Female participants  who are in normal weight according to the measure of WC also consider themselves slightly overweight or thin. Less than 10 per cent consider themselves as obese. Male participants who are in normal weight and also perceive themselves as normal are 88,7 per cent. Even though there is slight difference here, it is possible to conclude that women tend to consider themselves in a more positive light.

References

  • Tezcan B. Obez bireylerde benlik saygısı, beden algısı ve travmatik geçmiş yaşantılar (Uzmanlık tezi)Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi, İstanbul;2009.
  • Pınar R. Obezlerde depresyon, benlik saygisi ve beden imaji: karşilaştirmali bir çalişma C.Ü. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi 2002; 6 (1):30-41.
  • Post RE, Mainous AG, Gregorie SH, Knoll ME, Diaz VA, Saxena SK et al. The influence of physician acknowledgment of patients’ weight status on patient perceptions of overweight and obesity in the United States. Arch Intern Med 2011;171(4):316-21.
  • Ojala K, Tynjälä J, Välimaa R, Villberg J, Kannas L. Overweight Adolescents’ Self-Perceived Weight and Weight Control Behaviour: HBSC Study in Finland 1994–2010 J Obes. 2012; 180176 (Published online 2012 May 28. doi: 10.1155/2012/180176).
  • Zaborskis A, Petronyte G, Sumskas L, Kuzman M, Ionatti RJ. Body Image and Weight Control among Adolescents in Lithuania, Croatia, and the United States in the Context of Global Obesity. Croat Med J 2008; 49(2): 233–242.
  • Wang Y, Liang H, Chen X. Measured body mass index, body weight perception, dissatisfaction and control practices in urban, lowincome African American adolescents BMC Public Health. 2009; 9: 18 (Published online 2009 June 12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-183).
  • Paeratakul S, White MA, Williamson DA, Ryan DH, Bray GA. Sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and BMI in relation to selfperceptionof overweight. Obes Res 2002;10(5):345-50.
  • Strain GW, Strain JJ Psychological impediments to weight loss.Int J Obes 1979;3(2):167-70.
  • Rudolph H, Blüher S, Falkenberg C, Neef M, Körner A, Würz J, Kiess W, Brähler E. Perception of body weight status: a case control study of obese and lean children and adolescents and their parents. Obes Facts 2010;3(2):83-91 (Epub 2010 Apr 6).10. Johnson WD, Bouchard C, Newton RL, Jr, Ryan DH, Katzmarzyk PT. Ethnic differences in selfreported and measured obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009;17(3):571– 577 (doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.582).
  • Orsey RR, Eberhardt MS, Ogden CL. Racial/ethnic differences in weight perception. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009;17(4):790–795.
  • Dijkstra P, Barelds DP. Women’s meta-perceptions of attractiveness and their relations to body image. Body Image. 2011;8(1):74-7.
  • Ver Ploeg ML, Chang HH, Lin BH Over, under, or about right: misperceptions of body weight among food stamp participants. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008;16(9):2120-5.
  • Sivalingam SK, Ashraf J, Vallurupalli N, Friderici J, Cook J, Rothberg MB. Ethnic differences in the self-recognition of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities: a cross-sectional analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2011;26(6):616-20.
  • Hoffmeister K, Teige-Mocigemba S, Blechert J, Klauer KC, Tuschen-Caffier B. Is implicit self-esteem linked to shape and weight concerns in restrained and unrestrained eaters? J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2010;41(1):31-8.
  • Huang JS, Norman GJ, Zabinski MF, Calfas K, Patrick K. Body Image and Self-Esteem among Adolescents undergoing an Intervention Targeting Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors. J Adolesc Health 2007; 40(3): 245–251.
  • Truesdale KP, Stevens J. Do the obese know they are obese? N C Med J 2008;69(3):188-94.
  • Gross SM , Tiffany L. Gary TL, Dorothy C. Browne DC, Thomas A. LaVeist TA. Gender dif ferences in body image and health perceptions among graduating seniors from a historically black college. J Natl Med Assoc 2005; 97(12):1608–1619.
  • Bornholt L, Brake N, Thomas S, Russell L, Madden S, Anderson G, Kohn M, Clarke S. Understanding affective and cognitive selfevaluations about the body for adolescent girls. Br J Health Psychol 2005;10(4):485-503.
  • Rasheed P. Perception of body weight and self-reported eating and exercise behaviour among obese and non-obese women in Saudi Arabia Public Health 1998;112(6):409-14.
  • Duncan DT, Wolin KY, Scharoun-Lee M, Ding EL, Warner ET, Bennett GG. Does perception equal reality? Weight misperception in relation to weight-related attitudes and behaviors among overweight and obese US adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011;22:8-20.
  • Kutner MH, Nachtsheim JC, Neter J, Li W. Applied Linear Statistical Models. Fifth Edition. Chicago:Mc Graw Hill Irwin Publication; 2004:555-570.
  • Yaemsiri S, Slining MM, Agarwal SK. Perceived weight status, overweight diagnosis, and weight control among US adults: the NHANES 2003-2008 Study Int J Obes (Lond) 2011;35(8):1063-70 (doi: 1038/ijo.2010.229. Epub 2010 Nov 2).
  • Kuchler F, Variyam JN. Mistakes were made: misperception Yazışma Adresi / Correspondence Dr. Arif Ata Sağlık Bakanlığı Ankara Öveçler ASM e-posta:ataarif@yahoo.com Geliş Tarihi:17.07.2014 Kabul Tarihi: 15.08.2014
  • Beden Algısı ve Obezite as a barrier to reducing overweight. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27(7):856–861.
  • Örsel S, Işık Canpolat B, Akdemir A, Özbay MH. Diyet Yapan ve Yapmayan Ergenlerin Kendilik Algısı, Beden İmajı ve Beden Kitle İndeksi Açısından Karşılaştırılması Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 2008; 11: 3-77.
  • Van Minnen K, Davis WA, Bruce DG, Davis TM. Accuracy, determinants, and consequences of body weight self-perception in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study. J Diabetes Complications 2011;25(1):1-6.

Beden Algısı ve Obezite

Year 2014, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, - , 25.09.2014
https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.02494

Abstract

Amaç: Bireyler obezitenin sağlığa diğer olumsuz etkilerinden çok beden imajı yönüyle ilgilidir. Beden algısı kuramları, kadın ve erkeklerin kendi bedenlerini farklı biçimde algıladıklarını ileri sürmektedir. Bireylerin bir kısmı kendi kilo durumlarını doğru bir şekilde algılayamamaktadır. Bazılarının kendilerini olduğundan daha az kilolu olarak görmeleri söz konusudur. Beden algısı gerçekle uyumlu olmak zorunda değildir, sübjektifbir değerlendirme olup kişinin kendisini nasıl algıladığı ile ilgilidir. Ayrıca neredeyse tüm dünya uluslarında güzellik ince olmakla eş değer görülmekte, bedenlerine ve kilolarına dikkat edenlerin bedenlerini ve kendilerini sevdikleri, buna bağlı olarak da benlik saygılarının yüksek olduğu düşünülmektedir. Olumlu algı kızlar için ince bir bedene sahip olmak iken; erkekler için kaslı, sportmen vücut yapısıdır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Yaşları 25-65 arası, her iki cinsten 1241 bireyin bel çevresi (BÇ) vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) değerleri ölçülmüştür. Katılımcılara anket formu verilerek kendilerini ağırlık olarak nasıl buldukları sorusunu cevaplamaları sağlanmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz olarak korelasyon analizleri ve ilgili yerlerde rakamsal ve yüzdelik hesapları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca beden algılarındaki hataların oransal olarak belirlenmesi için lojistik regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular ve Sonuç: Kadınlarda da erkeklerde de obez olmayanların daha doğru beden algısına sahip oldukları, obez olanlarınsa kendilerini daha normal görmeye çalıştıkları, elde edilen sonuçlardan anlaşılmaktadır BÇ'ye göre normal kiloda olan kadınlardan % 90'ın üzerinde oranda kendisini haûf kilolu, normal ve zayıf olarak hissettikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Kendisini obez olarak görenlerin oranı % l0'dan daha azdır. Erkeklerde normal olup kendini yine normal görenlerin oranı % 88,7 olarak bulunmuştur. Buradan, çok fark olmasa da kadınların kendisini pozitif yönde görmeye daha yatkın oldukları sonucu çıkarılabilir.

References

  • Tezcan B. Obez bireylerde benlik saygısı, beden algısı ve travmatik geçmiş yaşantılar (Uzmanlık tezi)Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi, İstanbul;2009.
  • Pınar R. Obezlerde depresyon, benlik saygisi ve beden imaji: karşilaştirmali bir çalişma C.Ü. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi 2002; 6 (1):30-41.
  • Post RE, Mainous AG, Gregorie SH, Knoll ME, Diaz VA, Saxena SK et al. The influence of physician acknowledgment of patients’ weight status on patient perceptions of overweight and obesity in the United States. Arch Intern Med 2011;171(4):316-21.
  • Ojala K, Tynjälä J, Välimaa R, Villberg J, Kannas L. Overweight Adolescents’ Self-Perceived Weight and Weight Control Behaviour: HBSC Study in Finland 1994–2010 J Obes. 2012; 180176 (Published online 2012 May 28. doi: 10.1155/2012/180176).
  • Zaborskis A, Petronyte G, Sumskas L, Kuzman M, Ionatti RJ. Body Image and Weight Control among Adolescents in Lithuania, Croatia, and the United States in the Context of Global Obesity. Croat Med J 2008; 49(2): 233–242.
  • Wang Y, Liang H, Chen X. Measured body mass index, body weight perception, dissatisfaction and control practices in urban, lowincome African American adolescents BMC Public Health. 2009; 9: 18 (Published online 2009 June 12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-183).
  • Paeratakul S, White MA, Williamson DA, Ryan DH, Bray GA. Sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and BMI in relation to selfperceptionof overweight. Obes Res 2002;10(5):345-50.
  • Strain GW, Strain JJ Psychological impediments to weight loss.Int J Obes 1979;3(2):167-70.
  • Rudolph H, Blüher S, Falkenberg C, Neef M, Körner A, Würz J, Kiess W, Brähler E. Perception of body weight status: a case control study of obese and lean children and adolescents and their parents. Obes Facts 2010;3(2):83-91 (Epub 2010 Apr 6).10. Johnson WD, Bouchard C, Newton RL, Jr, Ryan DH, Katzmarzyk PT. Ethnic differences in selfreported and measured obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009;17(3):571– 577 (doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.582).
  • Orsey RR, Eberhardt MS, Ogden CL. Racial/ethnic differences in weight perception. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009;17(4):790–795.
  • Dijkstra P, Barelds DP. Women’s meta-perceptions of attractiveness and their relations to body image. Body Image. 2011;8(1):74-7.
  • Ver Ploeg ML, Chang HH, Lin BH Over, under, or about right: misperceptions of body weight among food stamp participants. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008;16(9):2120-5.
  • Sivalingam SK, Ashraf J, Vallurupalli N, Friderici J, Cook J, Rothberg MB. Ethnic differences in the self-recognition of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities: a cross-sectional analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2011;26(6):616-20.
  • Hoffmeister K, Teige-Mocigemba S, Blechert J, Klauer KC, Tuschen-Caffier B. Is implicit self-esteem linked to shape and weight concerns in restrained and unrestrained eaters? J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2010;41(1):31-8.
  • Huang JS, Norman GJ, Zabinski MF, Calfas K, Patrick K. Body Image and Self-Esteem among Adolescents undergoing an Intervention Targeting Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors. J Adolesc Health 2007; 40(3): 245–251.
  • Truesdale KP, Stevens J. Do the obese know they are obese? N C Med J 2008;69(3):188-94.
  • Gross SM , Tiffany L. Gary TL, Dorothy C. Browne DC, Thomas A. LaVeist TA. Gender dif ferences in body image and health perceptions among graduating seniors from a historically black college. J Natl Med Assoc 2005; 97(12):1608–1619.
  • Bornholt L, Brake N, Thomas S, Russell L, Madden S, Anderson G, Kohn M, Clarke S. Understanding affective and cognitive selfevaluations about the body for adolescent girls. Br J Health Psychol 2005;10(4):485-503.
  • Rasheed P. Perception of body weight and self-reported eating and exercise behaviour among obese and non-obese women in Saudi Arabia Public Health 1998;112(6):409-14.
  • Duncan DT, Wolin KY, Scharoun-Lee M, Ding EL, Warner ET, Bennett GG. Does perception equal reality? Weight misperception in relation to weight-related attitudes and behaviors among overweight and obese US adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011;22:8-20.
  • Kutner MH, Nachtsheim JC, Neter J, Li W. Applied Linear Statistical Models. Fifth Edition. Chicago:Mc Graw Hill Irwin Publication; 2004:555-570.
  • Yaemsiri S, Slining MM, Agarwal SK. Perceived weight status, overweight diagnosis, and weight control among US adults: the NHANES 2003-2008 Study Int J Obes (Lond) 2011;35(8):1063-70 (doi: 1038/ijo.2010.229. Epub 2010 Nov 2).
  • Kuchler F, Variyam JN. Mistakes were made: misperception Yazışma Adresi / Correspondence Dr. Arif Ata Sağlık Bakanlığı Ankara Öveçler ASM e-posta:ataarif@yahoo.com Geliş Tarihi:17.07.2014 Kabul Tarihi: 15.08.2014
  • Beden Algısı ve Obezite as a barrier to reducing overweight. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27(7):856–861.
  • Örsel S, Işık Canpolat B, Akdemir A, Özbay MH. Diyet Yapan ve Yapmayan Ergenlerin Kendilik Algısı, Beden İmajı ve Beden Kitle İndeksi Açısından Karşılaştırılması Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 2008; 11: 3-77.
  • Van Minnen K, Davis WA, Bruce DG, Davis TM. Accuracy, determinants, and consequences of body weight self-perception in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study. J Diabetes Complications 2011;25(1):1-6.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Arif Ata This is me

Aynur Vural This is me

Fersin Keskin This is me

Publication Date September 25, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ata, A., Vural, A., & Keskin, F. (2014). Beden Algısı ve Obezite. Ankara Medical Journal, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.02494
AMA Ata A, Vural A, Keskin F. Beden Algısı ve Obezite. Ankara Med J. November 2014;14(3). doi:10.17098/amj.02494
Chicago Ata, Arif, Aynur Vural, and Fersin Keskin. “Beden Algısı Ve Obezite”. Ankara Medical Journal 14, no. 3 (November 2014). https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.02494.
EndNote Ata A, Vural A, Keskin F (November 1, 2014) Beden Algısı ve Obezite. Ankara Medical Journal 14 3
IEEE A. Ata, A. Vural, and F. Keskin, “Beden Algısı ve Obezite”, Ankara Med J, vol. 14, no. 3, 2014, doi: 10.17098/amj.02494.
ISNAD Ata, Arif et al. “Beden Algısı Ve Obezite”. Ankara Medical Journal 14/3 (November 2014). https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.02494.
JAMA Ata A, Vural A, Keskin F. Beden Algısı ve Obezite. Ankara Med J. 2014;14. doi:10.17098/amj.02494.
MLA Ata, Arif et al. “Beden Algısı Ve Obezite”. Ankara Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 3, 2014, doi:10.17098/amj.02494.
Vancouver Ata A, Vural A, Keskin F. Beden Algısı ve Obezite. Ankara Med J. 2014;14(3).

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