Strategy of Conservation and Protection of Wild Edible Plants Diversity in Burkina Faso

Year 2017, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 82 - 90, 15.12.2017

Mamounata Belem Moumouni Nabaloum Josephine Yameogo

Abstract

Plant species are divided in cultivated or crops and non-cultivated or spontaneous or wild. Cultivated species are few in Burkina Faso and are mostly recent introduction. Wild species play an important socio-economic role. This paper aims to show the importance of wild edible plants by their used parts, mode of harvest and uses. So, we did this study on the basis of our previous Ethnobotanical surveys in Burkina Faso. Surveys have been made with a list of 135 species met in our previous inventories. The results revealed that spontaneous edible plants can be grouped in shrubs and herbaceous. The over exploitation of the wild edible plants make their protection and preservation necessary in order to achieve greater food security. Management of wild trees involves the identification of constraints and the solutions researching. Popular species such as Adansonia digitata, Bombax costatum, Parkia biglobosa, Tamarindus indica and Vitellaria paradoxa are subject to mutilation due to bad harvesting, which compromises their renewal. Thus measures must be taken to preserve them and to improve their contribution to food by implementing substantial resources. In these measures, all the actors and structures have to be involved for a good management of wild edible biodiversity.

Keywords

Edible wild plants, plants harvesting, mutialtion of species, preservation, Burkina Faso

Strategy of Conservation and Protection of Wild Edible Plants Diversity in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Plant species are divided in cultivated or crops
and non-cultivated or spontaneous or wild. Cultivated species are few in Burkina Faso
and are mostly recent introduction. Wild species play an important socio-economic role. This paper aims to show
the importance of wild edible plants by their used parts, mode of harvest and
uses. So, we did this study on the basis of our previous Ethnobotanical surveys
in Burkina Faso.
Surveys have been made with a list of 135 species met in our previous
inventories. The results revealed that spontaneous edible plants can be grouped
in shrubs and herbaceous. The over exploitation of the wild edible plants make
their protection and preservation necessary in order to achieve greater food
security. Management of wild trees involves the identification of constraints
and the solutions researching. Popular species such as Adansonia digitata, Bombax
costatum, Parkia biglobosa, Tamarindus indica and Vitellaria paradoxa are subject to
mutilation due to bad harvesting, which compromises their renewal. Thus
measures must be taken to preserve them and to improve their contribution to
food by implementing substantial resources. In these measures, all the actors
and structures have to be involved for a good management of wild edible
biodiversity.

Keywords

Edible wild plants, plants harvesting, mutilation of species, preservation, Burkina Faso

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