Demans ile Temporal Lob Epilepsisi Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2021, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 308 - 317, 27.09.2021

Erol Yıldırım , Kübra Soğukkanlı , Lütfü Hanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.781043

Abstract

Temporal lob epilepsisi ve Alzheimer hastalığı (AH), hipokampus ve meziyal temporal yapılarda benzer bir fizyopatoloji sergiler. Her iki hastalıkta da klinik bulgulardan önce nöral ağ değişiklikleri mevcuttur. İki antite arasındaki bu benzerlik nedeniyle, çeşitli çalışmalarda nöbetler ve bunama arasında nasıl bir ilişki olduğu araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise, meziyal temporal sklerozlu bireylerin demansa daha yatkın olup olmadığı ve AH’nin epilepsiye yol açıp açmadığı sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, biri uzun yıllardır epilepsi tedavisi görmekteyken demans tanısı alan, diğerine ise aynı anda hem epilepsi hem demans tanısı konan yetmişli yaşlardaki iki hastanın klinik bulguları ele alınmıştır. Diğer bir konu olarak da, AH’de nöbet görülme olasılığının oldukça yüksek olmasından doğan AH’nin nöbetlere yol açıp açmadığı sorusu ve bunun kognitif yıkımla olan ilişkisi, çeşitli çalışmalardan veriler ışığında tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca bu ilişki hızlanmış unutma ve konsolidasyon bağlamında da ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

Alzheimer hastalığı, Demans, Hipokampal skleroz, Temporal lob epilepsisi

The Relationship between Dementia and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Abstract

Temporal lobe epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are similar in their physiopathology in the hippocampus and mesial temporal structures. In both diseases, there are neural network changes before the clinical manifestations. Considering this similarity between the two entities, the relationship between seizures and dementia has been investigated in various studies. In the present study, we attempt to answer the questions of whether individuals with mesial temporal sclerosis are more likely to develop dementia and whether AD causes epilepsy. With this design, we discuss the clinical findings of two patients in their seventies, of whom one was diagnosed with dementia while under epilepsy treatment for many years and the other received a concurrent diagnosis of epilepsy and dementia. Furthermore, whether AD causes seizures as another question arising from the high probability of seizures in AD and its relationship to cognitive impairment are discussed in the light of data from various studies. This relationship is also discussed in the context of accelerated long-term forgetting and consolidation.

Keywords

Alzheimer's disease, Dementia, Hippocampal sclerosis, Temporal lobe epilepsy

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