Research Article

The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman

Volume: 13 Number: 3 December 30, 2025
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The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman

Abstract

Contrary to popular belief, the Ottoman Empire was a state that was always in contact with the Western World. Although the Ottoman Empire, which was aware of the developments in the Western World through various means, was a little late in transferring the innovations and had discussions, it had a serious modernization problem by the 18th century. In particular, the lands lost as a result of military defeats concerned the survival of the state and encouraged the state to take action in this regard. The gradual shaking of the centuries-long superiority position over the Western World was a process that alarmed the ruling class. When modernization became inevitable for the Ottoman Empire, accepting and implementing innovations also became important. The Ilmiye class, which constituted one of the three important groups of the state, and the Ulema who were members of this class, were an authority that was consulted and asked for fatwa on worldly affairs, due to their position. In this study the attitude of the Ulema towards the modernization activities that started in the reign of Selim III and continued increasingly in the reign of Mahmud II is discussed as a result of the information obtained from the Ottoman historical literature. Both the acceptance of innovations and the cautious approach to innovations are important in showing us the importance of the Ulema in the state.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Sociology (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

September 7, 2024

Acceptance Date

February 20, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 13 Number: 3

APA
Sancaktutan, Z., & Doğanay, E. (2025). The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(3), 1250-1259. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1545213
AMA
1.Sancaktutan Z, Doğanay E. The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2025;13(3):1250-1259. doi:10.18506/anemon.1545213
Chicago
Sancaktutan, Zeynep, and Ela Doğanay. 2025. “The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 13 (3): 1250-59. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1545213.
EndNote
Sancaktutan Z, Doğanay E (December 1, 2025) The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 13 3 1250–1259.
IEEE
[1]Z. Sancaktutan and E. Doğanay, “The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman”, Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1250–1259, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.18506/anemon.1545213.
ISNAD
Sancaktutan, Zeynep - Doğanay, Ela. “The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 13/3 (December 1, 2025): 1250-1259. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1545213.
JAMA
1.Sancaktutan Z, Doğanay E. The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2025;13:1250–1259.
MLA
Sancaktutan, Zeynep, and Ela Doğanay. “The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 1250-9, doi:10.18506/anemon.1545213.
Vancouver
1.Zeynep Sancaktutan, Ela Doğanay. The Attitude Of The Ulema Towards Some Western Innovations In The Selim III And Mahmut II Period In The Ottaman. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2025 Dec. 1;13(3):1250-9. doi:10.18506/anemon.1545213