Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Turist Güvenliğinin Risk Azaltma Davranışı, Tavsiye Ve Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisi: İstanbul’u Ziyaret Eden İranlı Turistler Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2019, , 71 - 82, 07.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.520716

Abstract

Turist
güvenliği turizmin gelişimi açısından önemli bir kavramdır. Turistlerin
güvenlik algıları ve bu algılardan kaynaklı davranışlarının anlaşılması
gerekmektedir. Çalışmada İstanbul’a gelen İranlı turistlerin İstanbul ile
ilgili güvenlik algıları ve bu algılara bağlı olarak oluşan risk azaltma
davranışları incelenmiştir. Ekim-Kasım, 2018 tarihlerinde İstanbul’u ziyaret
eden 389 İranlı turiste yüz yüze anket uygulanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada
algılanan güvenliğin risk azaltma davranışı, tavsiye etme ve tekrar ziyaret
etme niyeti üzerinde etkili olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Risk azaltma davranışlarıyla
ilgili olarak İranlı turistlerin özellikle potansiyel bir kurban durumuna
düşebilecekleri durumlardan kaçındıkları ve çevrelerinde olup bitenlere karşı
uyanık oldukları görülmüştür. Bekar, tatile yalnız çıkanlar, gelir seviyesi yüksek,
45-49 yaş aralığındaki kişilerin güvenlik algılarının yüksek olduğu tespit
edilmiştir

References

  • An, S. (2016). Examining the Relationships Among Perceived Risk, Attitude and Intention to Travel to Destinations Along the US–Mexico Border (Doctoral dissertation), A&M University, Texas.
  • Aras, H. (2017). Türkiye’de Turizm Güvenliği Sorunu, Hitit Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(1), 585-610.
  • Ateşoğlu, İ. ve Türker, A. (2014). Tatil Yeri Seçiminde Ülke İmajının Turistin Risk Algısı Üzerine Etkisi, Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 9-28.
  • Aktaş Polat, S. ve Polat, S. (2014), “Yabancı Turistlerin Müşteki ‘Mağdur’ Olarak Müdahil Oldukları Asayiş Suç Türlerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma”, Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 11(1), 38-57.
  • Barker, M., Page, S. J., & Meyer, D. (2003). Urban visitor perceptions of safety during a special event. Journal of Travel Research, 41(4), 355-361.
  • Batra, A. (2008). Foreign tourists' perception towards personal safety and potential crime while visiting Bangkok. Anatolia, 19(1), 89-101.
  • Bayhan, İ., & Ünlüönen, K. (2016). Turist Tercihlerinde Güvenliğe İlişkin Tutumlarının Etkisi: Bir Alan Araştırması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(56), 1-20.
  • Chew, E. Y. T., & Jahari, S. A. (2014). Destination image as a mediator between perceived risks and revisit intention: A case of post-disaster Japan. Tourism Management, 40, 382-393.
  • Demirci, Y. (2018). Terörün İstanbul Turizmine Etkileri. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Turizm İşletmeciliği, İstanbul.
  • George, R. (2010). Visitor perceptions of crime-safety and attitudes towards risk: The case of Table Mountain National Park, Cape Town. Tourism Management, 31(6), 806-815.
  • George, R., & Booyens, I. (2014, December). Township tourism demand: Tourists’ perceptions of safety and security. In Urban Forum 25(4), 449-467). Springer Netherlands.
  • George, R., & Swart, K. (2012). International tourists' perceptions of crime–risk and their future travel intentions during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ in South Africa. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 17(3), 201-223.
  • Hall, C. M., Timothy, D. J., & Duval, D. T. (2004). Security and tourism: towards a new understanding?. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 15(2-3), 1-18.
  • Hosany, S., Prayag, G., Deesilatham, S., Caussevic, S. ve Odeh, K. (2015). Measuring tourists’ emotional experiences: Further validation of the destination emotion scale. Journal of Travel Research, 54(4), 482-495
  • Irvine, W., & Anderson, A. R. (2006). The effect of disaster on peripheral tourism places and the disaffection of prospective visitors. In Y. Mansfeld, & A. Pizam (Eds.), Tourism, Security & Safety: From theory to practice (pp. 169–186). Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • İstanbul Kültür Çalıştayı (2018). İstanbullu Olmak: Şehir, Kimlik, Şuur. İstanbul İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü Yayınları.
  • Kapuscinski, G., & Richards, B. (2016). News framing effects on destination risk perception. Tourism Management, 57, 234-244.
  • Kayış, A., (2014). Güvenilirlik Analizi, Editör: Şeref Kalaycı, SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri (ss: 401-419), 6. Baskı, Ankara, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Khajuria, S., & Khanna, S. (2014). Tourism risks and crimes at pilgrimage destinations–A case study of Shri Mata Vishnu Devi. International Journal of Event Management Research, 8(1), 77-93.
  • Kültür Turizm Bakanlığı.(2018). İstanbul İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü. (Erişim: 06.12.2018), http://www.istanbulkulturturizm.gov.tr/TR-187624/temmuz-2017-istanbul-turizm-istatistikleri-yayinlanmist-.html
  • Mansfeld, Y., & Pizam, A. (2006). Tourism, security and safety: From theory to practice. New York: Routledge.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and personality (Second Edition) New York: Harper & Row. Publishers, US.
  • Monk, K. M., Heinonen, J. A., & Eck, J. E. (2010). Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Problem-Specific Guides Series No. 59.
  • Pearce, P. L., & Lee, U. I. (2005). Developing the Travel Career Approach to Tourist Motivation. Journal of Travel Research, 43(3), 226-237.
  • Rezaei, S., Shahijan, M. K., Valaei, N., Rahimi, R., & Ismail, W. K. W. (2018). Experienced international business traveller’s behaviour in Iran: A partial least squares path modelling analysis. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 18(2), 163-190.
  • Rittichainuwat, B. N., & Chakraborty, G. (2012). Perceptions of importance and what safety is enough. Journal of Business Research, 65(1), 42-50.
  • Ryan, C. (1993). Crime, violence, terrorism and tourism: an accidental or intrinsic relationship?. Tourism Management, 14(3), 173-183.
  • Schroeder, A., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2014). Perceptions of crime at the Olympic Games: What role does media, travel advisories, and social media play?. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 20(3), 225-237.
  • Schroeder, A. (2015), Revisiting travel risk after three decades of study: the role of perceive risk, perceived efficacy, and risk reduction behaviors, unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
  • Seabra, C., Abrantes, J. L., & Kastenholz, E. (2014). The influence of terrorism risk perception on purchase involvement and safety concern of international travellers. Journal of Marketing Management, 30(9-10), 874-903.
  • Seçilmiş, C., & Ünlüönen, K. (2009). İstanbul’u Ziyaret Eden Turistlerin Güvenlik Algılamaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 65-84.
  • Sungur, O. (2014). Korelasyon Analizi, Editör: Şeref Kalaycı, SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri (ss: 116), 6. Baskı, Ankara, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998a). Influence of Terrorism Risk on Foreign Tourism Decisions. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), 112-144.
  • Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998b). Determining Future Travel Behavior from Past Travel Experience and Perceptions of Risk and Safety. Journal of Travel Research, 37, 171-177.
  • Sönmez, S. F., & Sirakaya, E. (2002). A Distorted Destination Image? The Case of Turkey. Journal of Travel Research, 41, 185-196.
  • Sönmez, S. F., Apostolopoulos, Y, & Tarlow, P. (1999). Tourism in Crisis: Managing the Effects of Terrorism. Journal of Travel Research, 38, 13-18
  • Tanrıöğen, A. (2009). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara, Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Taşcı, A. D., & Gartner, W. C. (2007). Destination image and its functional relationships. Journal of Ttravel Research, 45(4), 413-425.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK). (2018). Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. (Erişim: 02.09.2018), http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=TDK.GTS.5c0cf3df6ce6e1.61007618
  • UNWTO (1996). Tourist Safety and Security: Practical Measures for Destinations. (Erişim: 04.01.2019), http://www2.unwto.org/publication/tourist-safety-and-security-practical-measures-destinations
  • Wichasin, P., & Doungphummes, N. (2012). A comparative study of international tourists’ safety needs and Thai tourist polices’ perception towards international tourists’ safety needs. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 67(1), 1372-1378.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Shafer, C. S., Scott, D., & Timothy, D. J. (2015). Tourists' perceived safety through emotional solidarity with residents in two Mexico–United States border regions. Tourism Management, 46, 263-273.
  • Yeşiltaş, M., Öztürk, İ., & Türkmen, F. (2008). Terör faaliyetlerinin turizm sektörüne etkilerinin çözüm önerileri perspektifinde değerlendirilmesi. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 175-189.
  • Zhang, H., Wu, Y., & Buhalis, D. (2018). A model of perceived image, memorable tourism experiences and revisit intention. Journal Of Destination Marketing & Management, 8(1), 326-336.

The Impact of Tourist Safety on Risk Reduction Behavior, Recommendation and Revisit Intention: A Case Study on Iranian Tourists in Istanbul

Year 2019, , 71 - 82, 07.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.520716

Abstract

Tourist safety is an important concept for the development of tourism.
It is necessary to understand the security perceptions of tourists and their
behaviours related to these perceptions.
In this study, the security perceptions of Iranian
tourist in Istanbul and their risk reduction behaviours were investigated. A
structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 389 Iranian tourist on
between October-November, 2018.
 In the study, it was found that perceived safety
had an effect on the risk reduction behaviour, recommendation and revisit
intention. Regarding risk reduction behaviour, the findings show that Iranian
tourists avoided situations in which they could potentially become a victim,
and they were alert to what was happening around them. It is determined that
the security perceptions are high with the single travellers, those who have
high income levels and between 45-49 years old

References

  • An, S. (2016). Examining the Relationships Among Perceived Risk, Attitude and Intention to Travel to Destinations Along the US–Mexico Border (Doctoral dissertation), A&M University, Texas.
  • Aras, H. (2017). Türkiye’de Turizm Güvenliği Sorunu, Hitit Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(1), 585-610.
  • Ateşoğlu, İ. ve Türker, A. (2014). Tatil Yeri Seçiminde Ülke İmajının Turistin Risk Algısı Üzerine Etkisi, Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 9-28.
  • Aktaş Polat, S. ve Polat, S. (2014), “Yabancı Turistlerin Müşteki ‘Mağdur’ Olarak Müdahil Oldukları Asayiş Suç Türlerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma”, Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 11(1), 38-57.
  • Barker, M., Page, S. J., & Meyer, D. (2003). Urban visitor perceptions of safety during a special event. Journal of Travel Research, 41(4), 355-361.
  • Batra, A. (2008). Foreign tourists' perception towards personal safety and potential crime while visiting Bangkok. Anatolia, 19(1), 89-101.
  • Bayhan, İ., & Ünlüönen, K. (2016). Turist Tercihlerinde Güvenliğe İlişkin Tutumlarının Etkisi: Bir Alan Araştırması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(56), 1-20.
  • Chew, E. Y. T., & Jahari, S. A. (2014). Destination image as a mediator between perceived risks and revisit intention: A case of post-disaster Japan. Tourism Management, 40, 382-393.
  • Demirci, Y. (2018). Terörün İstanbul Turizmine Etkileri. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Turizm İşletmeciliği, İstanbul.
  • George, R. (2010). Visitor perceptions of crime-safety and attitudes towards risk: The case of Table Mountain National Park, Cape Town. Tourism Management, 31(6), 806-815.
  • George, R., & Booyens, I. (2014, December). Township tourism demand: Tourists’ perceptions of safety and security. In Urban Forum 25(4), 449-467). Springer Netherlands.
  • George, R., & Swart, K. (2012). International tourists' perceptions of crime–risk and their future travel intentions during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ in South Africa. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 17(3), 201-223.
  • Hall, C. M., Timothy, D. J., & Duval, D. T. (2004). Security and tourism: towards a new understanding?. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 15(2-3), 1-18.
  • Hosany, S., Prayag, G., Deesilatham, S., Caussevic, S. ve Odeh, K. (2015). Measuring tourists’ emotional experiences: Further validation of the destination emotion scale. Journal of Travel Research, 54(4), 482-495
  • Irvine, W., & Anderson, A. R. (2006). The effect of disaster on peripheral tourism places and the disaffection of prospective visitors. In Y. Mansfeld, & A. Pizam (Eds.), Tourism, Security & Safety: From theory to practice (pp. 169–186). Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • İstanbul Kültür Çalıştayı (2018). İstanbullu Olmak: Şehir, Kimlik, Şuur. İstanbul İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü Yayınları.
  • Kapuscinski, G., & Richards, B. (2016). News framing effects on destination risk perception. Tourism Management, 57, 234-244.
  • Kayış, A., (2014). Güvenilirlik Analizi, Editör: Şeref Kalaycı, SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri (ss: 401-419), 6. Baskı, Ankara, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Khajuria, S., & Khanna, S. (2014). Tourism risks and crimes at pilgrimage destinations–A case study of Shri Mata Vishnu Devi. International Journal of Event Management Research, 8(1), 77-93.
  • Kültür Turizm Bakanlığı.(2018). İstanbul İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü. (Erişim: 06.12.2018), http://www.istanbulkulturturizm.gov.tr/TR-187624/temmuz-2017-istanbul-turizm-istatistikleri-yayinlanmist-.html
  • Mansfeld, Y., & Pizam, A. (2006). Tourism, security and safety: From theory to practice. New York: Routledge.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and personality (Second Edition) New York: Harper & Row. Publishers, US.
  • Monk, K. M., Heinonen, J. A., & Eck, J. E. (2010). Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Problem-Specific Guides Series No. 59.
  • Pearce, P. L., & Lee, U. I. (2005). Developing the Travel Career Approach to Tourist Motivation. Journal of Travel Research, 43(3), 226-237.
  • Rezaei, S., Shahijan, M. K., Valaei, N., Rahimi, R., & Ismail, W. K. W. (2018). Experienced international business traveller’s behaviour in Iran: A partial least squares path modelling analysis. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 18(2), 163-190.
  • Rittichainuwat, B. N., & Chakraborty, G. (2012). Perceptions of importance and what safety is enough. Journal of Business Research, 65(1), 42-50.
  • Ryan, C. (1993). Crime, violence, terrorism and tourism: an accidental or intrinsic relationship?. Tourism Management, 14(3), 173-183.
  • Schroeder, A., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2014). Perceptions of crime at the Olympic Games: What role does media, travel advisories, and social media play?. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 20(3), 225-237.
  • Schroeder, A. (2015), Revisiting travel risk after three decades of study: the role of perceive risk, perceived efficacy, and risk reduction behaviors, unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
  • Seabra, C., Abrantes, J. L., & Kastenholz, E. (2014). The influence of terrorism risk perception on purchase involvement and safety concern of international travellers. Journal of Marketing Management, 30(9-10), 874-903.
  • Seçilmiş, C., & Ünlüönen, K. (2009). İstanbul’u Ziyaret Eden Turistlerin Güvenlik Algılamaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 65-84.
  • Sungur, O. (2014). Korelasyon Analizi, Editör: Şeref Kalaycı, SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri (ss: 116), 6. Baskı, Ankara, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998a). Influence of Terrorism Risk on Foreign Tourism Decisions. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), 112-144.
  • Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998b). Determining Future Travel Behavior from Past Travel Experience and Perceptions of Risk and Safety. Journal of Travel Research, 37, 171-177.
  • Sönmez, S. F., & Sirakaya, E. (2002). A Distorted Destination Image? The Case of Turkey. Journal of Travel Research, 41, 185-196.
  • Sönmez, S. F., Apostolopoulos, Y, & Tarlow, P. (1999). Tourism in Crisis: Managing the Effects of Terrorism. Journal of Travel Research, 38, 13-18
  • Tanrıöğen, A. (2009). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara, Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Taşcı, A. D., & Gartner, W. C. (2007). Destination image and its functional relationships. Journal of Ttravel Research, 45(4), 413-425.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK). (2018). Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. (Erişim: 02.09.2018), http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=TDK.GTS.5c0cf3df6ce6e1.61007618
  • UNWTO (1996). Tourist Safety and Security: Practical Measures for Destinations. (Erişim: 04.01.2019), http://www2.unwto.org/publication/tourist-safety-and-security-practical-measures-destinations
  • Wichasin, P., & Doungphummes, N. (2012). A comparative study of international tourists’ safety needs and Thai tourist polices’ perception towards international tourists’ safety needs. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 67(1), 1372-1378.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Shafer, C. S., Scott, D., & Timothy, D. J. (2015). Tourists' perceived safety through emotional solidarity with residents in two Mexico–United States border regions. Tourism Management, 46, 263-273.
  • Yeşiltaş, M., Öztürk, İ., & Türkmen, F. (2008). Terör faaliyetlerinin turizm sektörüne etkilerinin çözüm önerileri perspektifinde değerlendirilmesi. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 175-189.
  • Zhang, H., Wu, Y., & Buhalis, D. (2018). A model of perceived image, memorable tourism experiences and revisit intention. Journal Of Destination Marketing & Management, 8(1), 326-336.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayşe Nevin Sert 0000-0003-0751-9377

Publication Date October 7, 2019
Acceptance Date February 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Sert, A. N. (2019). Turist Güvenliğinin Risk Azaltma Davranışı, Tavsiye Ve Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisi: İstanbul’u Ziyaret Eden İranlı Turistler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(5), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.520716

Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.