Investigations on the Mass Culture of Trichogramma turkeiensis Kostadinov and Trichogramma embryophagum Hartig Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae on Killed embryos of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller Lepidoptera: Pyralidae Eggs Using Deep Freeze Method

Abstract

Ephestia kuehniella eggs were killed by keeping in the deep freeze at -20 °C and -25 °C for 60 and 120 minutes respectivelly . T. embryophagum parasited the E. kuehniella eggs which were normal and which had been kept at - 25 °C for 60 and 120 minutes at the rates of 80.4, 23.2, and 17.2 %, respectively. T. turkeiensis on the other hand, parasitized the eggs at the rates of 86.8, 24.4, and 12.0 % respectively at same conditions. T. embryophagum parasitized the E. kuehniella eggs which were normal and which had been kept at -20 ° C for 60 and 120 minutes at the rates of 78.4, 64.0, and 56.4 %respectively. The percentages of parasitized E. kuehnilla eggs by T. turkeiests was 87.2, 67.2, and 58.0 % respectively at same conditions. Host eggs whose embryos were killed by keeping in the deep freeze at different periods 60 and 120 min. and controls were also turned black in 5 days and parasitoids had grown in 14 days. All parasitoids which had developed from host eggs, their embryos were killed by keeping in the deep freeze, had been recorded as females. The mean longevites of parasitoid females developed from E. kuehniella eggs which were normal and which had been kept at -20 °C for 60 and 120 minutes were recorded as 16.80, 19.08, and 19.2 days for T. embryophagum and 18.60, 19.60, and 20.52 days for T. turkeiensis, repectively. The mean of total parasitized eggs numbers by the one parasitoid female during her life developed from the E. kuehniella eggs which were normal and which had been kept at -20 °C for 60 and 120 minutes were 100.00, 100.84, and 105.56 eggs, respectively for T. embryophagum, 99.2, 98.88, and 104.12 eggs, respectively for T. turkeiensis. It was recorded that there was no difference for range of sex and developmental period between offspring of parasitoids which had developed from host eggs whose embryos were killed by deep freeze and from normal eggs.

Keywords

• Trichogramma turkeiensis, Tnchogramma embryophagum, mass rearing technicque.

Embriyosu Derin Dondurucuda Öldürülmü ş Ephestia küehniella Zeller Lepidoptera: Pyralidae Yumurtalar ı nda Trichogramma turkeiensis Kostadinov ve Trichogramma embryophagum Hartig Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae 'un Yetiştirilmesi Üzerinde Ara ştı rmalar

Abstract

Değirmen güvesi yumurtalar ı derin dondurucuda farkl ı s ı cakl ı k -20 °C ve -25 °C , farkl ı sürelerde 60 ve 120 dakika tutularak öldürülmü ştür. T. embryophagum kontrol olarak kullan ı lan ve -25 ° C de 60, 120 dakika tutulan Değirmen güvesi yumurtalar ı n ı sı ras ı yla %80.4, 23.2, 17.2 oran ı nda, T. turkeiensis ise ayn ı s ı raya göre %86.8, 24.4 ve 12.0 oran ı nda parazitlemiştir. T. emryophagum kontrol olarak kullan ı lan ve -20 °C de 60, 120 dakika tutulan Değ irmen güvesi yumurtalar ı n ı s ı ras ı yla %78.4, 64.0 ve 56.4 oran ı nda, T. turkeiensis %87.2, 67.2, 58.0 oran ı nda parazitledi ğ i tespit edilmi ştir. Embriyosu derin dondurucuda de ğ i şik sürelerde 60 ve 120 dk. tutularak öldürülmü ş ve kontrol olarak kullan ı lan konukçu yumurtalar ı 5 günde siyahla şm ışt ı r ve parazitoidler 14 günde geli şmiştir. Embriyosu derin dondurucuda öldürülen bütün konukçu yumurtalar ı nda geli şen parazitiodlerin di şi oldugu belirlenmi ştir. Kontrol olarak kullan ı lan ve derin dondurucuda -20 °C de 60, 120 dakika tutulan Değ irmen güvesi yumurtas ı nda gelişen T. embryophagum dişisinin yaşam uzunluğu s ı ras ı yla 16.80, 19.08 ve 19.20 gün, T. turkeiensis'in 18.60, 19.60 ve 20.52 gün oldu ğ u saptanm ışt ı r. Derin dondurucuda -20 °C s ı cakl ı ta O, 60, 120 dakika tutulan Değ irmen güvesi yumurtasinda geli şen bir T. emryophagum di şisi yaşam ı boyunca s ı ras ı yla ortalama 100.00, 100.84 ve 105.56, T. turkeiensis ise 99.12, 98.88 ve 104.12 normal De ğ irmen güvesi yumurtas ı parazitledi ği saptanm ışt ı r. Normal ve embriyosu derin dondurucuda öldürülen konukçu yumurtas ı nda gelişen parazitoid döllerinin gelişme süreleri ve cinsiyet oranlar ı aras ı nda önemli bir fark tesbit edilmemi ştir.

Keywords

• Trichogramma turkeiensis, Trichogramma embryophagum, kitle üretimi.

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