Ants interactions with Coccoidea Hymenoptera: Formicidae Species Hemiptera: Sternoryncha

Abstract

The ants and Coccoidea scale insects species that produce honeydew have diverse and interesting relationships. The ants use these Coccoidea as the source of carbohydrate, protein and lipid while the coccoids take advantage of being transported to new plants by ants so that they protect themselves from changing climate conditions and from their natural enemies. The presence of ants on the plants has two important effects; it increases the population of scale insects and increases the general well-being of the plants by hunting the pest on plant. The extermination of ants or ignoring the harmful effect of pesticides on ants during pesticide treatment results in the significant increase in the population of other pests on the plant. The floristic and/or structurally complex ecosystems may intrigue the ants tended to honeydew. The mutual relations between ant and scale insects in poly-cultural environments should be considered more seriously than in monocultural environments during pest management

Keywords

• Ants,Coccoidea,Hemiptera,natural enemies,honeydew

Karıncalar Hymenoptera: Formicidae ve Coccoidea Hemiptera: Sternoryncha Türlerinin İlişkileri

Öz

Coccoidea kabuklubitler, koşniller türleri ile karıncaların oldukça ilginç ve çok yönlü ilişkileri vardır. Karıncalar, ballı madde salgılayan coccoidlerden, karbonhidrat, protein ve lipid kaynağı olarak faydalanırken, coccoidler bu ilişkiden, yeni bitkilere taşınarak, iklim koşulları ve doğal düşmanlarından korunarak çıkar sağlarlar. Bitkiler üzerinde karıncanın bulunması, coccoidlerin populasyonunu arttırırken, karıncaların diğer zararlı böcekleri avlamaları, bitkinin genel sağlığını olumlu etkilemektedir. Coccoidlerle savaşımda karıncaların öldürülmesi veya göz ardı edilmesi diğer bitki zararlılarının populasyonunu arttırır. Floroastik, ve yapı bakımından çok kompleks ekosistemler, ballı maddeye bağımlı, yararlı karıncaları teşvik edebilir. Zararlıların yönetiminde polikültür alanlardaki karınca koşnil ilişkileri monokültür alanlardaki karınca koşnil ilişkilerine göre daha fazla göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karıncalar,Coccoidea,Hemiptera,doğal düşmanlar,ballı madde

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