Hücre Duvarını Parçalayıcı Enzimlerin Yonca Silajlarının Fermantasyon Özellikleri, Hücre Duvarı Kapsamı ve Aerobik Stabiliteleri Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çal ışma, silaj katk ı maddesi olarak kullan ı lan hücre duvar ı n ı parçalay ı cı enzimlerin yonca Medicago sativa silaj ı n ı n fermantasyon özellikleri, hücre duvar ı kapsamları ve aerobik stabiliteleri üzerindeki etkilerinin saptanmas ı amac ı yla düzenlenmiştir. Araşt ı rmada kullan ı lan yonca yakla şı k % 10-20 çiçeklenme döneminde hasat edilmiştir. Hücre duvar ı n ı parçalay ı c ı enzim olarak ise sellülaz Cellulast®, Novo Nordisk, Denmark ile hemisellülaz ve pektinaz Viscozyme®, Novo Nordisk, Denmark kullan ı lmışt ı r. Üretici firma Novo Nordisk, Denmark taraf ı ndan enzimlerin aktiviteleri sellülaz için 1500 NCU mr 1 Novo cellulase units , hemisellülaz ve pektinaz için ise 120 FBG mr 1 p-glucanase units olarak bildirilmiştir. Enzimler yoncaya % 0.025 0.0375 NCU Cellulast® ve 0.03 FBG fungal Viscozyme® , % 0.05 0.075 NCU Cellulast® ve 0.06 FBG Viscozyme® ve % 0.1 0.15 NCU Cellulast® ve 0.12 FBG Viscozyme® düzeyinde kat ı lmışlard ı r. Yonca yaln ı zca gaz ç ı kışı na olanak tan ı yan, 1.5 litrelik özel cam kavanozlarda silolanm ıştı r. Kavanozlar laboratuvar koşulları nda 25±2 *C' de depolanm ışlard ı r. Silolamadan sonraki 2, 8, 15 ve 50. günlerde her gruptan 3' er kavanoz aç ı larak kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik analizler yap ı lmışt ı r. Silolama döneminin sonunda 50. gün aç ı lan tüm silajlar 5 gün süre ile aerobik stabilite testine tabi tutulmu şlard ı r. Sonuç olarak; sellülaz Cellulast® , hemisellülaz ve pektinaz Viscozyme® gibi hücre duvar ı n ı parçalay ı cı enzimlerin yonca silajlar ı n ı n fermantasyon özelliklerini geli ştirdiği, hücre duvar ı kapsamlar ı n ı azaltt ığı , aerobik stabilitelerini ise etkilemedi ği saptanmışt ı r.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hücre duvar ı n ı parçalay ı c ı enzimler
• yonca
• silaj
• fermantasyon özellikleri
• hücre duvar ı kapsamı
• aerobik stabilite

The Effects of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes on the Fermentation Characteristics, Cell Wall Contents and Aerobic Stabilities of Alfalfa Silages

Abstract

This research was carried out to determine the effects of cell wall degrading enzymes using as silage additives on the fermentation characteristics, cell wall contents and aerobic stabilities of alfalfa Medicago sativa silages. Alfalfa was harvested at about 10-20 % bloom stage. Cellulase Cellulast®, Novo Nordisk, Denmark and hemicellulase and pectinase Viscozyme®, Novo Nordisk, Denmark were used as cell wall degrading enzymes. The enzyme activities stated by manifacturer's 1500 NCU mr l Novo cellulase units for cellulase and 120 FBG mr' fungal 13-glucanase units for hemicellulase and pectinase. The enzymes were applied to alfalfa at 0.025 % 0.0375 NCU Cellulast® and 0.03 FBG Viscozyme® , 0.05 % 0.075 NCU Cellulast® and 0.06 FBG Viscozyme® and 0.1 % 0.15 NCU Cellulast® and 0.12 FBG Viscozyme® . Alfalfa was ensiled in 1.5 Ilter special glass jars equipped with a lid that enables gas release only. The jars were stored at 25±2 °C at laboratory conditions. Three jars from each group were sampled for chemical and microbiological analyses on the days 2, 8, 15 and 50 after ensiling. All silages were opened at the end of the ensiling period 50 days and subjected to an aerobic stability test for 5 days. As a result, cell wall degrading enzymes like cellulase Cellulast® and hemicellulase and pectinase Viscozyme® improved fermentation characteristics, decreased cell wall contents and did not effect aerobic stability of alfalfa silages.

Keywords

• Cell wall degrading enzymes
• alfalfa
• silage
• fermentation characteristics
• cell wall contents
• aerobic stability

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