A comprehensive Assessment of Sunflower Genetic Diversity Against Macrophomina phaseolina

Year 2024, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 513 - 525, 23.07.2024

Nemanja ćuk Sandra Cvejić , Velimir Mladenov , Milan Jocković Miloš Krstić Brankica Babec Siniša Jocić Boško Dedić

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1288528

Abstract

The sunflower is a significant oil crop that can be cultivated in various environmental conditions. Due to the changing climate, the pathogen profile has been altered, posing a threat to sunflower production. Among the various threats, charcoal rot, caused by the soil-borne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, is one of the most significant pathogen. This study aimed to investigate the resistance of 80 sunflower inbred lines to this pathogen using two inoculation methods and naturally infested area under field conditions in two years, 2019 and 2020. The results showed that both inoculation methods and occurrence of disease in naturally infested area (DNI) effectively differentiated between resistant and susceptible inbred lines, with the toothpick method being the most effective. Thirteen inbred lines were resistant according to all inoculation methods, and the others were moderately resistant moderately susceptible or susceptible regarding to inoculation method. The study identified five inbred lines (Ha 74, L1, LIV 10, MA SC 2 and PB 21) as the most resistant, making them important sources for breeding sunflower hybrids resistant to M. phaseolina. Their resistance was confirmed in 2020, highlighting their potential to combat the impact of climate change on sunflower production. This study represents a valuable insight into the control of M. phaseolina using sunflower resistant genotypes, especially since resistance findings have been lacking in other plant species.

Keywords

charcoal rot, disease severity, Inoculation methods, inbred lines, sunflower

Supporting Institution

1. Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, 2. Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia through IDEAS project “Creating climate smart sunflower for future challenges” (SMARTSUN), 3. European Commission through Twinning Western Balkans project CROPINNO.

Project Number

1. grant number 451-03-68/2022-14/ 200032, 2. grant number 7732457, 3. grant number 101059784.

Thanks

Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Breeding of Climate-Resilient Crops - Climate Crops, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia.

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