Abstract
In recent years, because
of population growth and economic developments, there has been a significant
increase in the number of Office Buildings in our country. Due to the
difficulties and high costs of changing the faulty project of these kind of complex
buildings, the emergency case evacuation scenarios should plan while the
building is in project phase. Office buildings should also be carefully
constructed considering these plans. In addition, evacuation scenarios should
be develop and apply depending on locations and number of the occupant in the
building. If the extraction does not start due to a pre-planned scenario,
optical density may be associated with death from asphyxiation. For this
reason, current evacuation scenarios
should be prepared, fire drills should be made as much as possible and the most
effective evacuation scenario should be determined by using developing software
technology. In this study, six different scenarios were prepared for human and
structural evacuation elements and simulated using an evacuation software. From
the simulation results, the most appropriate evacuation scenario was
determined.
Keywords
References
- Referans1 L. Tan, M. Hu, and H. Lin, “Agent-based simulation of building evacuation: Combining human behavior with predictable spatial accessibility in a fire emergency,” Inf. Sci. (Ny)., vol. 295, no. C, pp. 53–66, Feb. 2015.
- Referans2 N. Wagner and V. Agrawal, “An agent-based simulation system for concert venue crowd evacuation modeling in the presence of a fire disaster,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 2807–2815, May 2014.
- Referans3 “Binaların Yangından Korunması Hakkında Yönetmelik -(09/07/2015)-29411.”
- Referans4 J. Joo et al., “Agent-based simulation of affordance-based human behaviors in emergency evacuation,” Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, vol. 32, pp. 99– 115, Mar. 2013.
- Referans5 R. AKSOY, G. COSKUN, and H. S. Soyhan, “Developing emergency escape scenarios by using fire simulation softwares,” in 6 th International Conference on Renewable Fuels Combustion and Fire, 2017.
- Referans6 X. Zheng, T. Zhong, and M. Liu, “Modeling crowd evacuation of a building based on seven methodological approaches,” Build. Environ., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 437–445, Mar. 2009.
- Referans7 “Pathfinder.” Thunderhead Engineering Consultants, Inc., 2018.
- Referans8 D. J. O et al., “SFPE Task Group on Human Behavior in Fire CHAIR.”
- Referans9 B. Hoskins, “Effective Density Measurement Methods on Stairs,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Behaviour in Fire, 2012.
- Referans10 NFPA 101, “Life Safety Code,” 2012.
Abstract
Son yıllarda, hızlı nüfus artışı
ve ekonomik gelişmeler sonucunda ülkemizde büro binalarının sayısında önemli
artışlar görülmektedir. İnşa edilen bu binalar oldukça büyük ve mimari açıdan
karmaşık tasarıma sahip olmaktadırlar. Bu tip karmaşık yapılara sahip büro
binalarının inşasından sonra hatalı projelendirmenin değiştirilebilmesinin
zorluğundan ve yüksek maliyetlerinden dolayı yangın tesisatı ve acil durumlarda
binada bulunanların tahliye senaryoları, bina proje aşamasında iken
planlanmalıdır. Büro binaları da bu planları dikkate alarak özenle inşa
edilmelidir. Ayrıca bina içerisinde çalışanların sayısı ve yerleşimine göre
belirli aralıklarla tahliye senaryoları geliştirimleri ve tatbikatlar
uygulanmalıdır. Tahliyenin önceden planlanmış senaryolara bağlı olarak
başlamaması halinde, optik yoğunluk sonucu boğulma kaynaklı ölümlerle
karşılaşma oranı azımsanmayacak kadar fazladır. Bu sebeple mutlaka güncel
tahliye senaryoları hazırlanmalı, mümkün olduğu kadar tatbikatlar yapılmalı ve
gelişen yazılım teknolojisini kullanılarak en efektif tahliye senaryosunun
tespiti yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, hem insani hem de yapısal tahliye unsurları
ile ilgili olarak 6 farklı senaryo hazırlanmış ve bu senaryoların tatbikatı
bilgisayar destekli simülasyonlar yardımıyla yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar
neticesinde en uygun tahliye senaryosu tespit edilmiştir.
Keywords
References
- Referans1 L. Tan, M. Hu, and H. Lin, “Agent-based simulation of building evacuation: Combining human behavior with predictable spatial accessibility in a fire emergency,” Inf. Sci. (Ny)., vol. 295, no. C, pp. 53–66, Feb. 2015.
- Referans2 N. Wagner and V. Agrawal, “An agent-based simulation system for concert venue crowd evacuation modeling in the presence of a fire disaster,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 2807–2815, May 2014.
- Referans3 “Binaların Yangından Korunması Hakkında Yönetmelik -(09/07/2015)-29411.”
- Referans4 J. Joo et al., “Agent-based simulation of affordance-based human behaviors in emergency evacuation,” Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, vol. 32, pp. 99– 115, Mar. 2013.
- Referans5 R. AKSOY, G. COSKUN, and H. S. Soyhan, “Developing emergency escape scenarios by using fire simulation softwares,” in 6 th International Conference on Renewable Fuels Combustion and Fire, 2017.
- Referans6 X. Zheng, T. Zhong, and M. Liu, “Modeling crowd evacuation of a building based on seven methodological approaches,” Build. Environ., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 437–445, Mar. 2009.
- Referans7 “Pathfinder.” Thunderhead Engineering Consultants, Inc., 2018.
- Referans8 D. J. O et al., “SFPE Task Group on Human Behavior in Fire CHAIR.”
- Referans9 B. Hoskins, “Effective Density Measurement Methods on Stairs,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Behaviour in Fire, 2012.
- Referans10 NFPA 101, “Life Safety Code,” 2012.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 28, 2019 |
| Submission Date | November 9, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 7 Issue: 3 |
