Covıd-19 Aşılanma Kararının Sağlık İnanç Modeli Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 1400 - 1413, 30.11.2022

Emel Yılmaz , Oğuz Karabay , Remzi Altunışık

https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1162554

Abstract

COVID-19 salgınına karşı toplumsal bağışıklığın sağlanabilmesi için aşı geliştirme çalışmalarıyla birlikte toplumun çoğunluğunun aşıyı benimsemesi ve aşı olmayı kabul etmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmamız, salgınla mücadelede önemli bir tehdit oluşturma potansiyeli olan COVID-19 aşısına karşı kararsızlık ve ret konularına odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmada, bireylerin, COVID-19 aşısına ilişkin kararlarını sağlık inanç modeli çerçevesinde açıklamak ve COVID-19 aşısını kabul edenler ile reddedenler ve aşı konusunda kararsız olan gruplar arası farklılıkları, multinominal lojistik regresyon analizi ile ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sorularına cevap bulmak için anket aracına dayalı nicel araştırma tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma bulgularımız, yerli COVID-19 aşısının sadece %16 oranında reddedildiğini, yabancı kaynaklı aşılardan daha fazla tercih edilebileceğini göstermektedir. Yüksek düzeyde aşılama kabulü için aşının yararı konusunda farkındalığı arttırmaya ve algılanan riskleri düşürmeye yönelik stratejiler, kadınları, alt sosyoekonomik gruptaki ve özellikle kronik hastalığı olan bireyleri hedef almalıdır.

Keywords

COVID-19 Aşısı, Beklenti- Değer Teorisi, Sağlık İnanç Modeli, Aşı Reddi, Aşı Tereddütü

An Evaluation of Covid-19 Vaccination Decision in the Framework of the Health Belief Model

Abstract

In order to achieve community immunity against the COVID-19 epidemic, the majority of the society should adopt the vaccine and accept to be vaccinated, together with the vaccine development studies. Our study focuses on the ambivalence and rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine, which has the potential to pose a significant threat in the fight against the epidemic. In the study, it was aimed to explain the decisions of individuals regarding the COVID-19 vaccine within the framework of the health belief model and to reveal the differences between the groups who accept and reject the COVID-19 vaccine and who are undecided about the vaccine with the multinomial logistic regression analysis. A quantitative research technique based on the questionnaire data was used to find answers to the research questions. Our study findings show that the domestic COVID-19 vaccine is rejected by only 16%, implying that the domestic vaccine may be preferred more than foreign vaccines. Strategies to raise awareness of vaccine benefits and reduce perceived risks for high vaccination acceptance should target women, lower socioeconomic groups, and particularly individuals with chronic illness.

Keywords

COVID-19 Vaccine, Value-Expectancy Theory, Health Belief Model, Vaccine Refusal, Vaccine Hesitancy

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