Forward, Medial Side and Cross Single Leg Hop Tests in Elite Footballers: Different Competitive Levels

Abstract

Single leg jump tests, which are used to determine the difference in asymmetry, are widely used in football to prevent possible injuries. The aim of this study is to compare single leg jump tests, which are frequently used in the evaluation of lower extremity muscle strength and asymmetry, in elite football players at different league levels. The research was conducted in different league categories (Turkish Football Federation 1st and 2. League) attended by elite level male football players. 1st League (n=21, age 25.58±5.9 years) and 2. Footballers in the league (n=31, age 26.71±3.9 years) groups underwent single leg jump tests in three directions: forward, medial side and diagonal. Independent Samples t and Paired t Test were applied for the comparisons of the obtained data. To determine the percentage of asymmetries, the formula "(strong leg – weak leg)/ strong leg x 100" was used. The analysis of the data was evaluated according to p<0.05 significance in SPSS 23 statistical program. Although there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the forward single leg jump test when the advanced, medial side and cross single leg jump tests applied to football players were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the cross jump and medial side jump tests (p>0.05). The bilateral asymmetry difference in all directions was found to be lower than 15% on average percentages. These findings show that as the league levels of the footballers increase, the lower extremity muscle asymmetry averages decrease in direct proportion, but the bilateral asymmetry difference is not statistically significant.

Keywords

• Football
• Single Leg Jump Test
• Force Test
• Asymmetry

Elit Futbolcularda İleri, Medial Yan ve Çapraz Tek Bacak Sıçrama Testleri: Farklı Lig Seviyelerinde

Öz

Asimetri farkını belirlemek için kullanılan tek bacak sıçrama testleri futbolda olası sakatlıkları önlemek amacıyla yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, alt ekstremite kas kuvvet ve asimetrisinin değerlendirilmesinde sıklıkla kullanılan tek bacak sıçrama testlerinin, farklı lig seviyelerinde yer alan elit futbolcularda karşılaştırılmasıdır. Araştırmaya farklı lig kategorilerinde (Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu 1. ve 2. Lig) elit düzeyde erkek futbol oyuncuları katıldı. 1. Lig (n=21, yaş 25,58±5,9 yıl) ve 2. Lig (n=31, yaş 26,71±3,9 yıl) gruplarında yer alan futbolculara ileri, medial yan ve çapraz olmak üzere üç yönde tek bacak sıçrama testleri uygulandı. Elde edilen verilerin karşılaştırmaları için Independent Samples t ve Paired t Testi uygulandı. Asimetrilerin yüzdesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla “(güçlü bacak – zayıf bacak)/ güçlü bacak x 100” formülü kullanıldı. Verilerin analizi SPSS 23 istatistik programında p<0.05 anlamlılık derecesine göre değerlendirildi. Futbolculara uygulanan ileri, medial yan ve çapraz tek bacak sıçrama testleri karşılaştırıldığında iki grup arasında ileri tek bacak sıçrama testinde istatiksel açıdan anlamlı fark bulunmasına rağmen çapraz sıçrama ve medial yan sıçrama testlerinde gruplar arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Tüm yönlerde bilateral asimetri farkı yüzde ortalamaları %15’ten daha düşük bulundu. Bu bulgular, futbolcuların lig seviyeleri yükseldikçe alt ekstremite kas asimetri ortalamalarında doğru orantılı bir şekilde azaldığını fakat bilateral asimetri farkının istatiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• Tek Bacak Sıçrama Testi
• Kuvvet Testi
• Asimetri
• Football
• Single Leg Jump Test
• Force Test
• Asymmetry

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