PANDEMİYLE MÜCADELE VE SİYASİ LİDERLERİN TUTUMLARI: ABD, ALMANYA, BREZİLYA VE YENİ ZELANDA KARŞILAŞTIRMASI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 7, 253 - 275, 07.08.2020

Gözde Müşerref Gezgüç , Duygu Duman

Öz

11 Mart 2020 tarihinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün (DSÖ) Covid-19 için pandemi ilan etmesini takiben dünyadaki tüm devletler küresel boyuta ulaşan bu salgın için farklı şekillerde ve düzeylerde önlem almaya başlamıştır. Çin’de ortaya çıktığı düşünülen SarsCov2 virüsünün dünyaya yayılmaya başlamasından itibaren her ülke salgından, coğrafi yakınlık, önceki salgın tecrübeleri, alınan önlemlerin zamanı ve boyutu, sağlık sistemi altyapısı, ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeyi gibi durumlara bağlı olarak farklı şekillerde ve düzeylerde etkilenmiştir. Salgının küresel bir sağlık ve ekonomi krizi haline gelmesiyle birlikte siyasi liderlerin sorumluluğu bu dönemde daha da artmıştır. Kriz dönemlerine özgü olarak ani ve beklenmedik şekilde ortaya çıkan duruma yönelik akılcı ve hızlı karar alma gereksinimi, bu süreçlerde halkın siyasi liderlere ve onların yönlendirmelerine olan ihtiyacını da arttırmaktadır. Bu süreçte bazı liderlerin, salgınla olan savaşta bilim insanlarının tavsiyelerinin dinlenmesi, halka doğru ve net bilgi aktarımının yapılması, demokratik işleyişin sürdürülmesi, virüsün yayılımının sınırlandırılması ve yavaşlatılmasına yönelik gerekli önlemlerin zamanında alınması ve ekonomik yardımların yapılması konularında başarılı olduğu görülürken bazı liderlerin ise bu süreçte başarısız bir sınav verdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada, salgında başarılı bir liderlik profili sunan Almanya ve Yeni Zelanda ile başarısız olarak değerlendirilen Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ile Brezilya’nın karşılaştırılması yapılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pandemi, Covid-19, Siyasi Lider, Kriz, Salgın Yönetimi

THE FIGHT AGAINST PANDEMIC AND THE ATTITUDE OF POLITICAL LEADERS: A COMPARISON OF USA, GERMANY, BRAZIL AND NEW ZEALAND

Öz

Following the World Health Organization’s announcement of pandemics for Covid-19 on March 11 2020, all states in the world started to take measures in different ways and levels for the outbreak which reached a global extent. Since the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is thought to have emerged in China, has started to spread around the world, each country has been affected by the pandemic in different ways and levels depending on the geographical proximity, previous breakout experiences, the timing and size of the measures taken, health system infrastructre and economic development level. With the pandemic becoming a global health and economic crisis, the political leaders’ responsibility increased further during this period. The need for rational and quick decision-making regarding the situation that emerged suddenly and unexpectedly during the crisis periods also increases the public’s need for political leaders and their direction in these processes. In this process, some leaders were successful in listening to the advice of scientists against the war with the pandemic, transmitting accurate and clear information to the public, maintaining the democratic functioning, limiting and slowing the spread of the virus, while some leaders were unsuccessful and failed in this process. It turned out that he gave the examwhile some leaders had failed. In this study, a comparison is made between Germany and New Zeland, which demonstrated successful leadership profiles during the pandemic and the United States of America and Brazil, which are considered unsuccessful.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pandemic, Covid-19, Political Leader, Crisis, Pandemic Management

Kaynakça

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