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KÜLTÜR ve ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜ BAĞLAMINDA İNOVASYON YAYILIMI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 346 - 365, 31.07.2021

Abstract

Bu çalışma inovasyonları benimseyen bireylerin kültürel özellikleri üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Araştırmada Rogers tarafından ortaya koyulmuş olan inovasyonun yayılımı kuramında söz edilen inovasyonu benimseme gruplarının (yenilikçiler, erken benimseyenler, erken çoğunluk, geç çoğunluk ve geç kalanlar) özellikleri Hofstede’nin kültür boyutlarından belirsizlikten kaçınma ve toplulukçuluk sınıflaması açısından değerlendirilerek, kültürel farklılıkların inovasyonun yayılımına etkileri çalışanlar düzeyinde incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, Antalya’da turizm sektöründe oteller zinciri olarak faaliyet gösteren köklü ve kurumsallaşmış bir turizm işletmesinde çalışan 378 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hangi kültür boyutu özelliğinin hangi inovasyon benimseme kategorisi üzerinde daha etkili olduğu detaylı bir şekilde ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda belirsizlikten kaçınma düzeyinin geç çoğunluk ve geri kalanlar kategorisi ile olumlu yönde, yenilikçiler, erken benimseyenler ve erken çoğunluk kategorileri ile olumsuz yönde ilişkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toplulukçuluk kültürüne daha fazla sahip olanların ise yenilikçiler, erken benimseyenler ve erken çoğunluk kategorisi ile olumsuz yönde ve geç çoğunluk ve geri kalanlar kategorisi ile olumlu yönde ilişkiye sahip oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır

References

  • Adler, N.J. (1986). International dimensions of organisational behaviour. 2nd Eds. Belmont, California: PWS-Kent Publishing Company.
  • Agarwal, R., Ahuja, M., Carter, P. E. ve Gans, M. (1998). Early ve late adopters of ıt ınnovations: extensions to ınnovation diffusion theory, Proceedings of the DIGIT Conference, 1-18
  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior ve Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
  • Atilla, G. (2007). Erillik/dişilik boyutunun Empatik beceri ile ilişkisi (S.D.Ü. İ.İ.B.F. İşletme Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma), Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi
  • Aubert, B. A. ve Hamel, G. (2001). Adoption of smart cards in the medical sector: The Canadian experience. Social Science & Medicine, 53, 879-894.
  • Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R.N., Mendonca, M., Yu, K., Deller, J., Stahl, G. and Kurshid, A. (2000). Impact of Culture on Human Resource Management Practices: A 10- country Comparison, Applied Psychology: An International Review 49: 192–221.
  • Basım, N. (2000). Belirsizlikten Kaçınma ve Güç Mesafesi Kültürel Boyutları Bağlamında Asker Yöneticiler Üzerine Görgül Bir Araştırma, Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi, 10 (2),33-52.
  • Baumgartner, H. ve Steenkamp, J.B.E.M. (1996). Exploratory consumer buying behaviour: conceptualization ve measurement, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 13, 121-37.
  • Coleman, J. (1966). Medical innovation: A diffusion study. New York: Bobbs-Merrill
  • Cosmas, S.C. ve Sheth, J.W. (1980). Identification of opinion leaders across cultures: an assessment for use in the diffusion of innovations ve ideas, Journal of Intercultural Business Studies, Spring/Summer, 33-73.
  • Daghfous, N., Petrof, J. V. ve Pons, F. (1999). Values ve adoption of innovations: a cross-cultural study, journal of consumer marketing, 16 (4), 314-331.
  • Danışman, A. ve Özgen, H. (2003). Örgüt kültürü çalişmalarinda yöntem tartişmasi: niteliksel-niceliksel yöntem ikileminde niceliksel ölçümler ve bir ölçek önerisi, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3 (2), 91-124
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, ve User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.
  • Deligiannaki, A. ve Ali, M. (2011). Cross-Cultural Influence on Diffusion ve Adoption of Innovation: An Exploratory Case Study to Investigate the Social-Cultural Barriers, European, Mediterranean ve Middle Eastern Conference on Information Systems (EMCIS2011) May 30-31 2011, Athens, Greece
  • Dosi, G. (1982). Technological paradigms ve technological trajectories. Research Policy 147-162. Duncan, W. J. (1989). Organizational culture: getting a fix on an elusive concept. The Academy of Management Executive, 11, 229-236.
  • Dwyer, S., Mesak, H. ve Hsu, M. (2005), An Exploratory Examination of the Influence of National Culture on Cross-National Product diffusion, Journal of International Marketing, New, 13 (2), 1-28.
  • Frank, Lauri (2001). Spatial Clusters of European Union Countries by the Diffusion of Mobile Communications, The 13th International Society for Professional Innovation Management Conference, Lappeenranta, Finland, (June 18-20).
  • Fishbein, M. ve Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention ve behavior: an introduction to theory ve research.: Addison-Wesley, Reading MA.
  • Gatignon, H., Eliashberg, J. ve Robertson, T.S. (1989). Modeling multinational diffusion patterns: an efficient methodology, Marketing Science, Vol. 8, 231-47.
  • Haapaniemi, T. (2007). Adoption of Innovations in Cross-National Settings – Do Cultural Dimensions Have an Influence on Takeoff Point? Published dissertation, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere.
  • Haapaniemi, T., ve Mäkinen, S. (2007). Determining the Takeoff Point in Adoption of Innovations: A Comparison of Content and Discrimination Analysis. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 2(1), 65-80.
  • Hsu C.L., Hsi-Peng L. ve Huei-Hsia H., (2007). Adoption of the mobile Internet: An empirical study of multimedia message service (MMS), Omega, Elsevier, 35, 715-726
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: international diffrences in work related values, Sage Publishing, London.
  • Hofstede, G. (1997). Cultures and organizations: software of the mind. London: Mc Graw Hill.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviours, Institutions, ve Organizations Across Nations, 2nd ed., Sage, Thousve Oaks, CA.
  • Hofstede, G. ve Hofstede, G.J. (2005). Cultures and Organizations. Software of the Mind (2nd edn). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W. ve Gupta, V., (2004) Culture, Leadership, and Organizations, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi: SAGE Publications.
  • Inglehart, R., Basanez, M. ve Moreno, A. (1998). Human values and beliefs: A cross-cultural sourcebook - political, religious, sexual, and economic norms in 43 societies: findings from the 1990-1993 World Values Survey. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
  • Inkeles, A., ve Levinson, D. J. (1969). National character: The study of modal personality ve sociocultural systems. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The hvebook of social psychology (pp. 418–506). Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1999). Yeni İnsan ve İnsanlar, Evrim Yayınevi, 10. Basım, İstanbul,
  • Karasar, S. (2004). Egitimde yeni iletisim teknolojileri - Internet ve sanal yüksek eğitim. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology - TOJET, Volume 3, Issue 4 (Article 16), 110-116.
  • Kılıçer, K.ve Odabaşı, H. F. (2010). Bireysel yenilikçilik ölçeği (byö): türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (H. U. Journal of Education) 38, 150-164
  • Kumar, V. ve Krishnan T. V. (2002). Multinational Diffusion Models: An Alternative Framework Marketing Science, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 318-330
  • Lee, S.G., Trimi, S. ve Kim, C. (2013). The impact of cultural differences on technology adoption, Journal of World Business 48, 20–29
  • Lee, J., A., Garbarino, E. ve Lerman, D. (2007). How cultural differences in uncertainty avoidance affect product perceptions, International Marketing Review, Vol. 24 No. 3, pp. 330-349
  • Liu, J. ve Dongmi, W. (2007). The impact of culture on consumers' propensity to innovate ve susceptibility to ınterpersonal influences.
  • Lynn, M. ve Gelb, B.D. (1996). Identifying innovative national markets for technical consumer goods, International Marketing Review, Vol. 13 No. 6, 43-57.
  • McCort D. ve Malhotra N.K. (1993). Culture ve consumer behavior: toward an understveing of cross-cultural consumer behavior in international marketing. J Int Consum Mark, 6(2):91–127
  • Meyers, J.H. ve Robertson, T.S. (1972). Dimensions of opinion leadership, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 9, 41-5.
  • Ott, J. S. (1989). The Organizational culture perspective. Pacific Grove, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing
  • Parthasarathy, M., Jun, S. ve Mittelstaedt, R.A. (1997). Multiple diffusion ve multicultural aggregate social systems, International Marketing Review, (14) 4, 233-47.
  • Peres, R., Muller, E ve Mahajan, V. (2010). Innovation diffusion ve new product growth models: A critical review veresearch directions, International Journal of Research in Marketing 27, 91–106
  • Robbins, S. P. (2000). Essentials of Organizational Behavior (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice-Hall.
  • Rogers, M. E. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (Fifth edition). New York: Free Press.
  • Sabuncuoğlu, Z., ve Tüz, M. (1996). Örgütsel Psikoloji, Ezgi Yayınları, Bursa.
  • Sargut, S. (2001). Kültürlerarası Farklılaşma ve Yönetim, İmge Kitabevi, 2.Baskı, Ankara,
  • Scholl, R. W. (1981). Differentiating commitment from expectancy as a motivating force. Academy of Management Review, 6, 588-599
  • Schwartz, S.H. (1994). Cultural dimensions of values: towards an understveing of national differences. In U. Kim, H.C. Trveis, C. Kagitcibasi, S. C. Choi, ve G. Yoon. (Eds.), Indi-vidualism ve Collectivism: Theoretical ve Methodological issues, 85-119. Thousve Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Schuler, R.S., Jackson, S.E Jackofsky, E. ve Slocum, J. W. Jr. (1996). Managing Human Recources İn Mexico A Cultural Understveing, Business Harizons, May-June,
  • Sığrı, Ü., ve Tığlı, M., (2006). Hofstede’nin Belirsizlikten Kaçınma Kültürel Boyutunun Yönetsel- Örgütsel Süreçlere Ve Pazarlama Açısından Tüketici Davranışlarına Etkisi, Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, cilt 21, Sayı 1, 327-342
  • Singh, S. (2006), Cultural differences in, ve influences on, consumers’ propensity to adopt innovations, International Marketing Review, Vol. 23 No. 2, 13-191.
  • Sivakumar K, Nakata C. (2001). The stampede toward Hofstede's framework: avoiding the sample design pit in cross-cultural research. J Int Bus Stud, 32(3), 555–74.
  • Smith, P. B., Dugan, S., ve Trompenaars, F. (1996). National culture ve the values of organisational employees: A dimensional analysis across 43 nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27, 231-264
  • Soares, A.M., Farhangmehr, M. ve Shoham, A. (2007). Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies, Journal of Business Research 60, 277–284
  • Sondergaard, M. (1994). Research note: Hofstede's consequences: a study of reviews, citations ve replications. Organizational Studies, 15(3), 447–56.
  • Steenkamp, J-B.E. (2001). The role of national culture in international marketing research, International Marketing Review, Vol. 18 No. 1, 30-45.
  • Steenkamp, J. E. M., Frenkel T. H. ve Michel W. (1999). A cross-national investigation into the individual ve national cultural antecedents of consumer innovativeness. J. Marketing 63(April), 55-69.
  • Tellis, G. J., Stremersch, S. ve Yin, E. (2003). The inter-national takeoff of new products: Economics, culture, ve country innovativeness. Working paper, Report No. 02-121. Marketing Science Institute.
  • Triveis H. (1995). Individualism ve collectivism. Boulder: Westview Press;
  • Triveis H, Bontempo R, Villareal M, Asai M. ve Lucca N. (1988). Individualism ve collectivism: cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. J Pers Soc Psychol;54(2), 323–38.
  • Tolba, A. H. ve Mourad, M. (2011). Individual ve cultural factors affecting diffusion of innovation, Journal of International Business ve Cultural Studies, Vol 5(1), 1-16.
  • Trompenears, F. (1993). Riding the waves of culture. London: Brealeyt
  • Van den Berg, P. T., ve Wilderom, C. P. M. (2004). Defining, Measuring, and Comparing Organisational Cultures. Applied psychology, 53(4), 570-582.
  • Yeniyurt, S. ve Townsend, J. D. (2003). Does culture explain acceptance of new products in a country? An empirical investigation, International Marketing Review, Vol. 20 No. 4, 377-96.
  • Yoo B, Donthu N. ve Lenartowicz T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede’s Five Dimensions of Cultural Values at the Individual Level: Development and Validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing. 23(3-4), 193-210.
  • Young, H. P. (2009). Innovation Diffusion in Heterogeneous Populations: Contagion, Social Influence, ve Social Learning, The American Economic Review, 99 (5), 1899-1924

A RESEARCH ON DIFFUSION OF INNOVATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 346 - 365, 31.07.2021

Abstract

This study focuses on the cultural characteristics of individuals who adopt innovations. In this research, the characteristics of the innovation adoption groups (innovative, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and late laggards) mentioned in the diffusion of innovation theory put forward by Rogers were examined in terms of evaluation of uncertainty avoidance and collectivism classification from the cultural dimensions of Hofstede for determining the effects of cultural differences on the diffusion of innovation at the employee level. The research sample consists of 378 people working in a well-established and institutionalized tourism business operating as a chain of hotels in the tourism sector in Antalya. This study has revealed in detail which cultural dimension feature is more effective on which innovation adoption category. As a result of the research, it is found that the level of uncertainty avoidance has a positive relationship with the late majority and the rest categories and negatively with the innovators, early adopters, and early majority categories. It has been revealed that those who have more collectivist culture have a negative relationship with the innovators, early adopters, and early majority category, and a positive relationship with the late majority and the rest category.

References

  • Adler, N.J. (1986). International dimensions of organisational behaviour. 2nd Eds. Belmont, California: PWS-Kent Publishing Company.
  • Agarwal, R., Ahuja, M., Carter, P. E. ve Gans, M. (1998). Early ve late adopters of ıt ınnovations: extensions to ınnovation diffusion theory, Proceedings of the DIGIT Conference, 1-18
  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior ve Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
  • Atilla, G. (2007). Erillik/dişilik boyutunun Empatik beceri ile ilişkisi (S.D.Ü. İ.İ.B.F. İşletme Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma), Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi
  • Aubert, B. A. ve Hamel, G. (2001). Adoption of smart cards in the medical sector: The Canadian experience. Social Science & Medicine, 53, 879-894.
  • Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R.N., Mendonca, M., Yu, K., Deller, J., Stahl, G. and Kurshid, A. (2000). Impact of Culture on Human Resource Management Practices: A 10- country Comparison, Applied Psychology: An International Review 49: 192–221.
  • Basım, N. (2000). Belirsizlikten Kaçınma ve Güç Mesafesi Kültürel Boyutları Bağlamında Asker Yöneticiler Üzerine Görgül Bir Araştırma, Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi, 10 (2),33-52.
  • Baumgartner, H. ve Steenkamp, J.B.E.M. (1996). Exploratory consumer buying behaviour: conceptualization ve measurement, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 13, 121-37.
  • Coleman, J. (1966). Medical innovation: A diffusion study. New York: Bobbs-Merrill
  • Cosmas, S.C. ve Sheth, J.W. (1980). Identification of opinion leaders across cultures: an assessment for use in the diffusion of innovations ve ideas, Journal of Intercultural Business Studies, Spring/Summer, 33-73.
  • Daghfous, N., Petrof, J. V. ve Pons, F. (1999). Values ve adoption of innovations: a cross-cultural study, journal of consumer marketing, 16 (4), 314-331.
  • Danışman, A. ve Özgen, H. (2003). Örgüt kültürü çalişmalarinda yöntem tartişmasi: niteliksel-niceliksel yöntem ikileminde niceliksel ölçümler ve bir ölçek önerisi, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3 (2), 91-124
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, ve User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.
  • Deligiannaki, A. ve Ali, M. (2011). Cross-Cultural Influence on Diffusion ve Adoption of Innovation: An Exploratory Case Study to Investigate the Social-Cultural Barriers, European, Mediterranean ve Middle Eastern Conference on Information Systems (EMCIS2011) May 30-31 2011, Athens, Greece
  • Dosi, G. (1982). Technological paradigms ve technological trajectories. Research Policy 147-162. Duncan, W. J. (1989). Organizational culture: getting a fix on an elusive concept. The Academy of Management Executive, 11, 229-236.
  • Dwyer, S., Mesak, H. ve Hsu, M. (2005), An Exploratory Examination of the Influence of National Culture on Cross-National Product diffusion, Journal of International Marketing, New, 13 (2), 1-28.
  • Frank, Lauri (2001). Spatial Clusters of European Union Countries by the Diffusion of Mobile Communications, The 13th International Society for Professional Innovation Management Conference, Lappeenranta, Finland, (June 18-20).
  • Fishbein, M. ve Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention ve behavior: an introduction to theory ve research.: Addison-Wesley, Reading MA.
  • Gatignon, H., Eliashberg, J. ve Robertson, T.S. (1989). Modeling multinational diffusion patterns: an efficient methodology, Marketing Science, Vol. 8, 231-47.
  • Haapaniemi, T. (2007). Adoption of Innovations in Cross-National Settings – Do Cultural Dimensions Have an Influence on Takeoff Point? Published dissertation, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere.
  • Haapaniemi, T., ve Mäkinen, S. (2007). Determining the Takeoff Point in Adoption of Innovations: A Comparison of Content and Discrimination Analysis. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 2(1), 65-80.
  • Hsu C.L., Hsi-Peng L. ve Huei-Hsia H., (2007). Adoption of the mobile Internet: An empirical study of multimedia message service (MMS), Omega, Elsevier, 35, 715-726
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: international diffrences in work related values, Sage Publishing, London.
  • Hofstede, G. (1997). Cultures and organizations: software of the mind. London: Mc Graw Hill.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviours, Institutions, ve Organizations Across Nations, 2nd ed., Sage, Thousve Oaks, CA.
  • Hofstede, G. ve Hofstede, G.J. (2005). Cultures and Organizations. Software of the Mind (2nd edn). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W. ve Gupta, V., (2004) Culture, Leadership, and Organizations, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi: SAGE Publications.
  • Inglehart, R., Basanez, M. ve Moreno, A. (1998). Human values and beliefs: A cross-cultural sourcebook - political, religious, sexual, and economic norms in 43 societies: findings from the 1990-1993 World Values Survey. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
  • Inkeles, A., ve Levinson, D. J. (1969). National character: The study of modal personality ve sociocultural systems. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The hvebook of social psychology (pp. 418–506). Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1999). Yeni İnsan ve İnsanlar, Evrim Yayınevi, 10. Basım, İstanbul,
  • Karasar, S. (2004). Egitimde yeni iletisim teknolojileri - Internet ve sanal yüksek eğitim. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology - TOJET, Volume 3, Issue 4 (Article 16), 110-116.
  • Kılıçer, K.ve Odabaşı, H. F. (2010). Bireysel yenilikçilik ölçeği (byö): türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (H. U. Journal of Education) 38, 150-164
  • Kumar, V. ve Krishnan T. V. (2002). Multinational Diffusion Models: An Alternative Framework Marketing Science, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 318-330
  • Lee, S.G., Trimi, S. ve Kim, C. (2013). The impact of cultural differences on technology adoption, Journal of World Business 48, 20–29
  • Lee, J., A., Garbarino, E. ve Lerman, D. (2007). How cultural differences in uncertainty avoidance affect product perceptions, International Marketing Review, Vol. 24 No. 3, pp. 330-349
  • Liu, J. ve Dongmi, W. (2007). The impact of culture on consumers' propensity to innovate ve susceptibility to ınterpersonal influences.
  • Lynn, M. ve Gelb, B.D. (1996). Identifying innovative national markets for technical consumer goods, International Marketing Review, Vol. 13 No. 6, 43-57.
  • McCort D. ve Malhotra N.K. (1993). Culture ve consumer behavior: toward an understveing of cross-cultural consumer behavior in international marketing. J Int Consum Mark, 6(2):91–127
  • Meyers, J.H. ve Robertson, T.S. (1972). Dimensions of opinion leadership, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 9, 41-5.
  • Ott, J. S. (1989). The Organizational culture perspective. Pacific Grove, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing
  • Parthasarathy, M., Jun, S. ve Mittelstaedt, R.A. (1997). Multiple diffusion ve multicultural aggregate social systems, International Marketing Review, (14) 4, 233-47.
  • Peres, R., Muller, E ve Mahajan, V. (2010). Innovation diffusion ve new product growth models: A critical review veresearch directions, International Journal of Research in Marketing 27, 91–106
  • Robbins, S. P. (2000). Essentials of Organizational Behavior (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice-Hall.
  • Rogers, M. E. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (Fifth edition). New York: Free Press.
  • Sabuncuoğlu, Z., ve Tüz, M. (1996). Örgütsel Psikoloji, Ezgi Yayınları, Bursa.
  • Sargut, S. (2001). Kültürlerarası Farklılaşma ve Yönetim, İmge Kitabevi, 2.Baskı, Ankara,
  • Scholl, R. W. (1981). Differentiating commitment from expectancy as a motivating force. Academy of Management Review, 6, 588-599
  • Schwartz, S.H. (1994). Cultural dimensions of values: towards an understveing of national differences. In U. Kim, H.C. Trveis, C. Kagitcibasi, S. C. Choi, ve G. Yoon. (Eds.), Indi-vidualism ve Collectivism: Theoretical ve Methodological issues, 85-119. Thousve Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Schuler, R.S., Jackson, S.E Jackofsky, E. ve Slocum, J. W. Jr. (1996). Managing Human Recources İn Mexico A Cultural Understveing, Business Harizons, May-June,
  • Sığrı, Ü., ve Tığlı, M., (2006). Hofstede’nin Belirsizlikten Kaçınma Kültürel Boyutunun Yönetsel- Örgütsel Süreçlere Ve Pazarlama Açısından Tüketici Davranışlarına Etkisi, Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, cilt 21, Sayı 1, 327-342
  • Singh, S. (2006), Cultural differences in, ve influences on, consumers’ propensity to adopt innovations, International Marketing Review, Vol. 23 No. 2, 13-191.
  • Sivakumar K, Nakata C. (2001). The stampede toward Hofstede's framework: avoiding the sample design pit in cross-cultural research. J Int Bus Stud, 32(3), 555–74.
  • Smith, P. B., Dugan, S., ve Trompenaars, F. (1996). National culture ve the values of organisational employees: A dimensional analysis across 43 nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27, 231-264
  • Soares, A.M., Farhangmehr, M. ve Shoham, A. (2007). Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies, Journal of Business Research 60, 277–284
  • Sondergaard, M. (1994). Research note: Hofstede's consequences: a study of reviews, citations ve replications. Organizational Studies, 15(3), 447–56.
  • Steenkamp, J-B.E. (2001). The role of national culture in international marketing research, International Marketing Review, Vol. 18 No. 1, 30-45.
  • Steenkamp, J. E. M., Frenkel T. H. ve Michel W. (1999). A cross-national investigation into the individual ve national cultural antecedents of consumer innovativeness. J. Marketing 63(April), 55-69.
  • Tellis, G. J., Stremersch, S. ve Yin, E. (2003). The inter-national takeoff of new products: Economics, culture, ve country innovativeness. Working paper, Report No. 02-121. Marketing Science Institute.
  • Triveis H. (1995). Individualism ve collectivism. Boulder: Westview Press;
  • Triveis H, Bontempo R, Villareal M, Asai M. ve Lucca N. (1988). Individualism ve collectivism: cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. J Pers Soc Psychol;54(2), 323–38.
  • Tolba, A. H. ve Mourad, M. (2011). Individual ve cultural factors affecting diffusion of innovation, Journal of International Business ve Cultural Studies, Vol 5(1), 1-16.
  • Trompenears, F. (1993). Riding the waves of culture. London: Brealeyt
  • Van den Berg, P. T., ve Wilderom, C. P. M. (2004). Defining, Measuring, and Comparing Organisational Cultures. Applied psychology, 53(4), 570-582.
  • Yeniyurt, S. ve Townsend, J. D. (2003). Does culture explain acceptance of new products in a country? An empirical investigation, International Marketing Review, Vol. 20 No. 4, 377-96.
  • Yoo B, Donthu N. ve Lenartowicz T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede’s Five Dimensions of Cultural Values at the Individual Level: Development and Validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing. 23(3-4), 193-210.
  • Young, H. P. (2009). Innovation Diffusion in Heterogeneous Populations: Contagion, Social Influence, ve Social Learning, The American Economic Review, 99 (5), 1899-1924
There are 66 citations in total.

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Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Hale Alan 0000-0002-2444-1551

Ali Rıza Köker 0000-0002-8171-4368

Publication Date July 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Alan, H., & Köker, A. R. (2021). KÜLTÜR ve ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜ BAĞLAMINDA İNOVASYON YAYILIMI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Avrasya Sosyal Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(3), 346-365.