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THE EFFECT OF ART THERAPY AND MINDFULNESS BASED COGNITIVE THERAPY PROGRAM ON THE LEVELS OF ALEXITHYMIA OF INDIVIDUALS

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 22, 237 - 248, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1160023

Abstract

Study was prepared to determine the effect of group practices on the alexithymia symptoms of individuals using Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Art Therapy (AT) techniques. Experimental design with pretest and posttest control groups was used in the study. Individuals who received high scores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and volunteered were assigned to the first experiment (14), the second experiment (14) and the control group (14) objectively. The study group of the research consists of second and third year students studying at the psychology department of Istanbul Gelisim University. Participation in the research is on a voluntary basis. The measurement tools were applied as a pretest before the application and as a posttest at the end of the application. In the study, MBCT Program was applied to the first experimental group and AT program was applied to the second experimental group. Not any procedure was applied to the control group. The experimental process was applied to both experimental groups once a week, 90 minutes to the MBCT Group, and 120 minutes to the AT group as 8 sessions. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to compare the groups among themselves. The group from which the difference originated was analyzed by the Mann Whitney U Test. As a result, MBCT Program and AT program were found to be effective in reducing the levels of alexithymia. There was no remarkable change in the measurements of the individuals in the control group. When the studies on alexithymia in our country are examined, besides the research of this concept, the lack of practical studies on this concept draws attention. The idea that group work with art therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programs designed to reduce alexithymia in the normal population will make a significant contribution to the field theoretically, practically and experimentally. It was observed that there wasn’t any significant difference in alexithymia levels between the two therapy programs. The results, limitations and strengths of the study were discussed under the leadership of the literature.

References

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SANAT TERAPİSİ VE BİLİNÇLİ FARKINDALIK TEMELLİ BİLİŞSEL TERAPİ PROGRAMININ BİREYLERİN ALEKSİTİMİ DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 22, 237 - 248, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1160023

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Sanat Terapisi ve Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi yöntemleri uygulanarak gerçekleştirilen grup terapisi programlarının bireylerin aleksitimi düzeyleri üzerindeki etkililiğini incelemektir. Çalışmada ön test-son test düzeninde deneysel deseni kontrol grubu ile kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada yer alan örneklem grubu, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi psikoloji bölümünde, 2 ve 3. sınıf düzeyinde 42 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Birinci deney grubu 14 kişiden oluşmakta olup Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği’nde yüksek skor almış bireyleri, ikinci grup ise yine 14 kişiden oluşmakta olup tarafsız atanmış bireyleri içermektedir. Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği terapi uygulamaları başlamadan önce ön test, uygulamalar tamamladığında ise son test olarak uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada 1. deney grubuna Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi Programı, 2. Deney grubuna Sanat Terapisi program uygulanmıştır. Bahsedilen kontrol grubu aktif bir uygulamaya katılmamıştır. Deney grupları ise Sanat Terapisi grubu için 120, Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi grubu için ise 90 dakika olmak üzere sekizer oturuma dâhil edilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırma yapabilmek için Wilcoxon Signed Rank Testi tercih edilmiştir. Gözlemlenen farkın kaynağı olan grubun tespiti için ise Mann Whitney U Testi uygulanmıştır. Analizlerin sonucunda hem Sanat Terapi programı hem Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi programının bireylerin aleksitimi düzeylerinin azalmasında etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırma yapılabilmesi için Wilcoxon Signed Rank Testi kullanılmış olup farka sebep olan grubun tespiti için ise Mann Whitney U Testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi Programı ve Sanatla Terapi programının aleksitimi düzeylerini azaltmada etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Kontrol grubundaki bireylerin, ölçümlerinde ise anlamlı bir değişme bulunamamıştır. İki terapi programı arasında aleksitimi düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Aleksitimi ile ilgili ülkemizde yapılan araştırmalar incelendiğinde, bu kavramın araştırılmasının yanı sıra bu kavramın alana yönelik eylemsel ve pratik çalışmaların azlığı dikkat çekmektedir. Normal popülasyonda aleksitiminin azaltılmasına yönelik olarak hazırlanmış sanat terapisi ve bilinçli farkındalık temelli bilişsel terapi programlarıyla yapılacak grup çalışmasının alana ilişkin kuramsal, uygulama ve deneysel olarak önemli katkı sağlayacağı düşüncesi bu araştırmanın önemli gerekçesini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonuçları, sınırlılıkları ve güçlü yanları alanyazın ışığında tartışılmıştır.

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  • Babaoğlu, A. (1988). Psikopatolojik Sanat II. Resimsel Sanat Ürünlerinin Analiz Öğeleri. Düşünen Adam Dergisi, 2(3), 202- 204.
  • Baer, R. A. (2007). Mindfulness, Assessment, and Transdiagnostic Processes. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 238-242.
  • Bagby, R. M.; Parker, J. D. and Taylor, G. J. (1994). The Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—I. Item Selection and Cross-Validation of the Factor Structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38(1), 23-32.
  • Bishop, S. R.; Lau, M.; Shapiro, S.; Carlson, L.; Anderson, N. D. and Carmody, J. et al. (2004). Mindfulness: A Proposed Operational Definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230.
  • Bornemann, B. and Singer, T. (2017). Taking Time to Feel Our Body: Steady Increases in Heartbeat Perception Accuracy and Decreases in Alexithymia Over 9 Months of Contemplative Mental training. Psychophysiology, 54(3), 469-482.
  • Brown, K. W. and Ryan, R. M. (2003). The Benefits of Being Present: Mindfulness and its Role in Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822.
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  • Capacchione, L. (2012). Sanat Terapisiyle İyileşmek. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Case, C. and Dalley, T. (2014). The Handbook of art Therapy. London: Routledge.
  • Cash, M. and Whittingham, K. (2010). What Facets of Mindfulness Contribute to Psychological Well-Being and Depressive, Anxious, and Stress-Related Symptomatology? Mindfulness, 1(3), 177-182.
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  • de la Fuente Arias, M.; Justo, C. F. and Granados, M. S. (2010). Efectos de un Programa de Meditación (Mindfulness) en la Medida de la Alexitimia y las Habilidades Sociales. Psicothema, 22(3), 369-375.
  • Demir, V. (2014). Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Hazırlanan Eğitim Programının Bireylerin Depresyon ve Stres Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisi, (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), (Danışman: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Zümra Özyeşil), İstanbul: İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
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  • Demir, V. (2022). Sanat Terapisi: Temel Psikoloji Kuramları ile Dışavurumcu Sanatın Bütünleştirilmesi, (1. Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Demir, V. ve Gündoğan, N. (2018). Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi Programının Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüklerini Azaltmadaki Etkisi. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 19(1), 46-66.
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  • Dökmen, Ü. (2003). Yarına Kim Kalacak? Evrenle Uyumlaşma Sürecinde Varolmak Gelişmek Uzlaşmak. İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık.
  • Foran, H. M. and O'Leary, K. D. (2013). The Role of Relationships in Understanding the Alexithymia–Depression Link. European Journal of Personality, 27(5), 470-480.
  • Freedman, M. B. and Sweet, B. S. (1954). Some Specific Features of Group Psychotherapy and Their İmplications For Selection Of Patients. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 4(4), 355-368.
  • Fukunishi, I.; Kikuchi, M.; Wogan, J. and Takubo, M. (1997). Secondary Alexithymia as a State Reaction in Panic Disorder and Social Phobia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 38(3), 166-170.
  • Geue, K. L.; Goetze, H.; Buttstaedt, M.; Kleinert E.; Richter, D. and Singer S. (2010). An Overview of Art Therapy İnterventions for Cancer Patients and the Results of Research, Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 18(3-4), 160-170.
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There are 73 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Volkan Demir 0000-0002-8148-8647

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date August 10, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 22

Cite

APA Demir, V. (2022). THE EFFECT OF ART THERAPY AND MINDFULNESS BASED COGNITIVE THERAPY PROGRAM ON THE LEVELS OF ALEXITHYMIA OF INDIVIDUALS. Asya Studies, 6(22), 237-248. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1160023

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