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Relationship between organizational deviance and turnover intentions in hospitality businesses

Year 2010, Volume: 21 Issue: 1 - Prof. Dr. Hasan Işın Dener Özel Sayısı, 64 - 74, 01.06.2010

Mahmut Demir Özkan Tütüncü

Abstract

Organizational deviant behavior is one of the most important workplace issues in the hospitality business. Turnover is also an important issue in such organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational deviance and turnover intentions in the hospitality business. Through conducting a face-toface interview, a total of 563 questionnaires were collected. Data analysis includes various statistical tools such as factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. Study findings suggest a positive and strong relationship between deviation variables and turnover intentions. Organizational deviance is also found to affect intentions and organizational goals and activities.

Keywords

turnover intention hospitality companies organizational deviance organizational management employees tourism sector questionnaire job satisfaction

References

  • Applebaum, S.H., Kyle J. D. ve Lay, M. (2005). The Relationship of Ethical Climate to Deviant Workplace Behavior, Corporate Governance, 5 (4): 43-55
  • Aquino, K., Galperin, B.L. ve Bennett, R.J. (2004). Social Status And Aggressiveness as Moderators of the Relationship Between Interactional Justice and Workplace Deviance, Journal Of Applied Social Psychology, 34 (5): 1001-1029
  • Arbak, Y., Şanlı, A. ve Çakar, U. (2004). İşyerinde Sapkın Davranış: Akademik Personel Üzerinde Yerel Bir Tanım ve Tipoloji Çalışması, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4 (1): 5-24
  • Ashkanasy, N.M., Ashton-James C.E. ve Jordan, P.J. (2004). Performance Impacts of Appraisal and Coping With Stress in Workplace Settings: The Role of Affect And Emotional Intelligence, Emotional and Physiological Processes and Positive Intervention Strategies Research in Occupational Stress and Well Being, 3:1–43
  • Baron, R.A. ve Neuman, J.H. (1996). Workplace Violence and Workplace Aggression: Evidence on Their Relative Frequency and Potential Causes, Aggressive Behavior, 22: 161-173
  • Bennett, R.J. ve Robinson, S.L. (2003). The Past, Present, and Future of Workplace Deviance Research. İçinde J.S. Greenberg (Editör), Organizational Behavior: The State Of The Science (ss. 247-282). USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associate
  • Bies, R.J., Tripp, T.M. ve Kramer, R.M. (1997). At the Breaking Point: Cognitive and Social Dynamics of Revenge in Organizations. İçinde R.A. Giacalone, J. Greenberg (Editörler) Antisocial Behavior in Organizations (ss. 18-36), London: SAGE
  • Chang, E.M., Chang, E., Daly, J., Hancock, K., Bidewell, J., Johnson, A., Lambert, C. ve C. Lambert (2006) The Relationships Among Workplace Stressors, Coping Methods, Demographic Characteristics, And Health In Australian Nurses, Journal of Professional Nursing, 22 (1): 30-38
  • De Fruyt, F. Filip De Fruyt, De Clercq, B. J., Miller, J., Rolland, J.P. Sung-Cheol Jung, Taris, R., Furnham, A., ve A. Van Hiel (2009). Assessing Personality At Risk In Personnel Selection and Development, European Journal of Personality, 23: 51–69
  • De Muth, J.E. (2006). Basic Statistics and Pharmaceutical Statistical Applications? New York: Marcel Dekker
  • Demir, M. (2002). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Kapsamında İşgücü Devir Hızının Analizi Ve Muğla Bölgesinde Bir Uygulama, (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi SBE
  • Demir, M. (2009). Konaklama İşletmelerinde Duygusal Zeka, Örgütsel Sapma, Çalışma Yaşamı Kalitesi ve İşten Ayrılma Eğilimi Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi, (Basılmamış Doktora Tezi), İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi SBE
  • Fox, S. ve Spector, P.E. (1999). A Model of Work Frustration- Aggression, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 915-931
  • Gaertner, S. (1999) Structural Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Turnover Models, Human Resource Management Review, 9 (4): 479-493
  • Giacalone, R.A. ve Greenberg, J. (1997). Antisocial Behavior in Organizations
  • London: SAGE
  • Grasmick, H.G. ve Kobayashi, E. (2002). Workplace Deviance in Japan: Applying an Extended Model of Deterrence, Deviant Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 23: 21–43
  • Griffin, R.W., O’Leary-Kelly, A. ve Collins, J.M. (1998). Dysfunctional Behavior in Organizations: Violent and Deviant Behavior
  • London: Jai Pres Inc
  • Gruys, M.L. ve Sackett, P.R. (2003). Investigating the Dimensionality of Counterproductive Work Behavior, Internatıonal Journal of Selectıon and Assessment,11 (1): 30-43
  • Gustafson, C. M. (2002), Employee Turnover: A Study of Private Clubs in the USA, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 14 (3): 106-113
  • Hollinger, R.C. ve Clark, J.P. (1982). Formal and Informal Social Controls of Employee Deviance, The Sociological Quarterly, 23 (3): 333-343
  • Keser, A. (2005). Çalışma Yaşamı ile Yaşam Doyumu İlişkisine Teorik Bakış, İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisat Fakültesi Dergisi (Prof.Dr. Toker Dereli’ye Armağan): 897-913
  • Kinnear, P.R. ve Gray, C.D. (2004). SPSS 12 Made Simple. USA: Taylor & Francis
  • Krausz, M., Koslowsky, M. ve Eiser, A. (1998) Distal And Proximal Influences on Turnover Intentions and Satisfaction: Support for a Withdrawal Progression Theory, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52: 59-71
  • Kwok, C.K., Au, W.T. Ve Ho, J.M.C. (2005). Normative Controls And Self-Reported Counterproductive Behaviors in The Workplace in China, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54 (4): 456–475
  • Langhorn, S. (2004). How Emotional Intelligence Can Improve Management Performance, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 16 (4): 220-230
  • Lawrence, T.B. ve Robinson, S.L. (2007). Ain’t Misbehavin: Workplace Deviance as Organizational Resistance, Journal of Management, 33 (3): 378-394
  • Liao, H., Joshi, A. ve Chuang, A. (2004). Sticking Out Like A Sore Thumb: Employee Dissimilarity and Deviance At Work, Personnel Psychology, 57: 969-1000
  • Mantell, M.R. (1994), Ticking Bombs: Defusing Violence In The Workplace. Burr Ridge III: Irwin Professional Publishing
  • Marcus, B. ve H. Schuler (2004). Antecedents of Counterproductive Behavior at Work: A General Perspective, Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (4): 647-660
  • Martin, B. (1994). From Turnover to Teamwork. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Mitchell, M.L. ve Jolley, J.M. (2009). Research Design Explained
  • USA: Cengage Learning
  • Moberg, D. J. (1997) On Employee Vice, Business Ethics Quarterly, 7: 41-60
  • O’Leary-Kelly, A.M., Griffin, R.W. ve Glew, D.J. (1996). Organization- Motivated Aggression: A Research Framework, Academy of Management Review, 21, (1): 225-253
  • Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi
  • Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi
  • Özdevecioğlu, M. (2003). Algılanan Örgütsel Adaletin Bireylerarası Saldırgan Davranışlar Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21 (2): 77-96
  • Peterson, D.K. (2002). Devıant Workplace Behavior and the Organization’s Ethical Climate, Journal of Business and Psychology, 17 (1): 47-61
  • Puffer, S.M. (1987). Prosocial Behavior, Noncompliant Behavior, and Work Performance Among Commission Salespeople, Journal of Applied Psychology, 72 (4): 615-621
  • Robinson, S.L. ve Bennett, R.J. (1995). A Typology Of Deviant Workplace Behaviors: A Multidimensional Scaling Study, Academy of Management Journal, 38: 555–572
  • Robinson, S.L. ve Greenberg, J. (1998). Employees Behaving Badly: Dimensions, Determinants And Dilemmas in the Study of Workplace Deviance, İçinde C.L. Cooper ve D.M. Rousseau (Editörler) Trends in Organizational Behavior
  • New York: John Wiley & Sons
  • Rogers, B. (1992). Companies Develop Benefits for Part Timers, HR Magazine, 37 (5): 89-90
  • Caryl E. Rusbult, Farrell, D., Rogers, G., ve A. G. Mainous (1988). Impact of Exchange Variables on Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Neglect: an Integrative Model of Responses to Decline Job Satisfaction, Academy of Management Journal, 31 (2): 599-627
  • Sackett, P.R. (2002). The Structure of Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Dimensionality and Relationships With Facets Of Job Performance, International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 10, (1/2): 5–11
  • Seçer, H.Ş. ve Seçer, B. (2007). Örgütlerde Üretkenlik Karşıtı İş Davranışları: Belirleyicileri ve Önlenmesi, TİSK Akademi, 2: 147-175
  • Sekaran, U. (2000). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Spector, P.E. ve Fox, S. (2002). An Emotion-Centered Model Of Voluntary Work Behavior Some Parallels Between Counterproductive Work Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Human Resource Management Review, 12. 269–292
  • Tütüncü, Ö. Ve Demir, M. (2002). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi ve İşgücü Hareketlerinin Analizi. Ankara: Turhan Kitabevi
  • Vardi, Y. ve Wiener, Y. (1996). Misbehavior in Organizations: A Motivational Framework, Organization Science, 7, (2): 151- 167
  • Wong, C.S. Ve Law, K.S. (2002). The Effects of Leader and Follower Emotional Intelligence on Performance and Attitude: an Exploratory Study, The Leadership Quarterly, 13 243–274
  • Woods, R.H. (1995). Managing Hospitality Human Resources, East Lansing. MI: Educational Institute of the American Hotel And Motel Association
  • Zapf, D. (1999). Organizational, Work, Group Related and Personal Causes of Mobbing/Bullying at Work, International Journal Manpower, 20 (1/2): 70-85.

Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki

Year 2010, Volume: 21 Issue: 1 - Prof. Dr. Hasan Işın Dener Özel Sayısı, 64 - 74, 01.06.2010

Mahmut Demir Özkan Tütüncü

Abstract

Örgütsel sapma davranışı, ağırlama işletmelerinde görülen en önemli işyeri sorunlarından birisidir. Diğer yandan işgücü devri de örgütlerde önemli bir sorundur. Bu çalışmanın amacı ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Literatürde yer alan çalışmalardan yararlanılarak bir anket formu oluşturulmuştur. Yüz yüze görüşme ile anket çalışması yapılmış ve 563 anket formu toplanmıştır. Verilerin yapısal ve yakınsak geçerliliği faktör analizi ile ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için korelasyon analizi yapılmış ve sapma değişkenleri ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasında pozitif yönlü güçlü bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sapmaların işten ayrılma eğilimi ile ilişkisi ayrıca regresyon analizinde ortaya konulmuştur. Örgütsel sapma yalnızca işten ayrılma eğilimi üzerinde değil aynı zamanda işten ayrılmanın etkilediği örgütsel amaçları ve faaliyetleri de dolaylı olarak etkilemektedir.

Keywords

işten ayrılma niyeti konaklama işletmeleri örgütsel sapma örgütsel yönetim çalışanlar turizm sektörü anket iş tatmini

References

  • Applebaum, S.H., Kyle J. D. ve Lay, M. (2005). The Relationship of Ethical Climate to Deviant Workplace Behavior, Corporate Governance, 5 (4): 43-55
  • Aquino, K., Galperin, B.L. ve Bennett, R.J. (2004). Social Status And Aggressiveness as Moderators of the Relationship Between Interactional Justice and Workplace Deviance, Journal Of Applied Social Psychology, 34 (5): 1001-1029
  • Arbak, Y., Şanlı, A. ve Çakar, U. (2004). İşyerinde Sapkın Davranış: Akademik Personel Üzerinde Yerel Bir Tanım ve Tipoloji Çalışması, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4 (1): 5-24
  • Ashkanasy, N.M., Ashton-James C.E. ve Jordan, P.J. (2004). Performance Impacts of Appraisal and Coping With Stress in Workplace Settings: The Role of Affect And Emotional Intelligence, Emotional and Physiological Processes and Positive Intervention Strategies Research in Occupational Stress and Well Being, 3:1–43
  • Baron, R.A. ve Neuman, J.H. (1996). Workplace Violence and Workplace Aggression: Evidence on Their Relative Frequency and Potential Causes, Aggressive Behavior, 22: 161-173
  • Bennett, R.J. ve Robinson, S.L. (2003). The Past, Present, and Future of Workplace Deviance Research. İçinde J.S. Greenberg (Editör), Organizational Behavior: The State Of The Science (ss. 247-282). USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associate
  • Bies, R.J., Tripp, T.M. ve Kramer, R.M. (1997). At the Breaking Point: Cognitive and Social Dynamics of Revenge in Organizations. İçinde R.A. Giacalone, J. Greenberg (Editörler) Antisocial Behavior in Organizations (ss. 18-36), London: SAGE
  • Chang, E.M., Chang, E., Daly, J., Hancock, K., Bidewell, J., Johnson, A., Lambert, C. ve C. Lambert (2006) The Relationships Among Workplace Stressors, Coping Methods, Demographic Characteristics, And Health In Australian Nurses, Journal of Professional Nursing, 22 (1): 30-38
  • De Fruyt, F. Filip De Fruyt, De Clercq, B. J., Miller, J., Rolland, J.P. Sung-Cheol Jung, Taris, R., Furnham, A., ve A. Van Hiel (2009). Assessing Personality At Risk In Personnel Selection and Development, European Journal of Personality, 23: 51–69
  • De Muth, J.E. (2006). Basic Statistics and Pharmaceutical Statistical Applications? New York: Marcel Dekker
  • Demir, M. (2002). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Kapsamında İşgücü Devir Hızının Analizi Ve Muğla Bölgesinde Bir Uygulama, (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi SBE
  • Demir, M. (2009). Konaklama İşletmelerinde Duygusal Zeka, Örgütsel Sapma, Çalışma Yaşamı Kalitesi ve İşten Ayrılma Eğilimi Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi, (Basılmamış Doktora Tezi), İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi SBE
  • Fox, S. ve Spector, P.E. (1999). A Model of Work Frustration- Aggression, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 915-931
  • Gaertner, S. (1999) Structural Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Turnover Models, Human Resource Management Review, 9 (4): 479-493
  • Giacalone, R.A. ve Greenberg, J. (1997). Antisocial Behavior in Organizations
  • London: SAGE
  • Grasmick, H.G. ve Kobayashi, E. (2002). Workplace Deviance in Japan: Applying an Extended Model of Deterrence, Deviant Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 23: 21–43
  • Griffin, R.W., O’Leary-Kelly, A. ve Collins, J.M. (1998). Dysfunctional Behavior in Organizations: Violent and Deviant Behavior
  • London: Jai Pres Inc
  • Gruys, M.L. ve Sackett, P.R. (2003). Investigating the Dimensionality of Counterproductive Work Behavior, Internatıonal Journal of Selectıon and Assessment,11 (1): 30-43
  • Gustafson, C. M. (2002), Employee Turnover: A Study of Private Clubs in the USA, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 14 (3): 106-113
  • Hollinger, R.C. ve Clark, J.P. (1982). Formal and Informal Social Controls of Employee Deviance, The Sociological Quarterly, 23 (3): 333-343
  • Keser, A. (2005). Çalışma Yaşamı ile Yaşam Doyumu İlişkisine Teorik Bakış, İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisat Fakültesi Dergisi (Prof.Dr. Toker Dereli’ye Armağan): 897-913
  • Kinnear, P.R. ve Gray, C.D. (2004). SPSS 12 Made Simple. USA: Taylor & Francis
  • Krausz, M., Koslowsky, M. ve Eiser, A. (1998) Distal And Proximal Influences on Turnover Intentions and Satisfaction: Support for a Withdrawal Progression Theory, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52: 59-71
  • Kwok, C.K., Au, W.T. Ve Ho, J.M.C. (2005). Normative Controls And Self-Reported Counterproductive Behaviors in The Workplace in China, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54 (4): 456–475
  • Langhorn, S. (2004). How Emotional Intelligence Can Improve Management Performance, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 16 (4): 220-230
  • Lawrence, T.B. ve Robinson, S.L. (2007). Ain’t Misbehavin: Workplace Deviance as Organizational Resistance, Journal of Management, 33 (3): 378-394
  • Liao, H., Joshi, A. ve Chuang, A. (2004). Sticking Out Like A Sore Thumb: Employee Dissimilarity and Deviance At Work, Personnel Psychology, 57: 969-1000
  • Mantell, M.R. (1994), Ticking Bombs: Defusing Violence In The Workplace. Burr Ridge III: Irwin Professional Publishing
  • Marcus, B. ve H. Schuler (2004). Antecedents of Counterproductive Behavior at Work: A General Perspective, Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (4): 647-660
  • Martin, B. (1994). From Turnover to Teamwork. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Mitchell, M.L. ve Jolley, J.M. (2009). Research Design Explained
  • USA: Cengage Learning
  • Moberg, D. J. (1997) On Employee Vice, Business Ethics Quarterly, 7: 41-60
  • O’Leary-Kelly, A.M., Griffin, R.W. ve Glew, D.J. (1996). Organization- Motivated Aggression: A Research Framework, Academy of Management Review, 21, (1): 225-253
  • Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi
  • Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi
  • Özdevecioğlu, M. (2003). Algılanan Örgütsel Adaletin Bireylerarası Saldırgan Davranışlar Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21 (2): 77-96
  • Peterson, D.K. (2002). Devıant Workplace Behavior and the Organization’s Ethical Climate, Journal of Business and Psychology, 17 (1): 47-61
  • Puffer, S.M. (1987). Prosocial Behavior, Noncompliant Behavior, and Work Performance Among Commission Salespeople, Journal of Applied Psychology, 72 (4): 615-621
  • Robinson, S.L. ve Bennett, R.J. (1995). A Typology Of Deviant Workplace Behaviors: A Multidimensional Scaling Study, Academy of Management Journal, 38: 555–572
  • Robinson, S.L. ve Greenberg, J. (1998). Employees Behaving Badly: Dimensions, Determinants And Dilemmas in the Study of Workplace Deviance, İçinde C.L. Cooper ve D.M. Rousseau (Editörler) Trends in Organizational Behavior
  • New York: John Wiley & Sons
  • Rogers, B. (1992). Companies Develop Benefits for Part Timers, HR Magazine, 37 (5): 89-90
  • Caryl E. Rusbult, Farrell, D., Rogers, G., ve A. G. Mainous (1988). Impact of Exchange Variables on Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Neglect: an Integrative Model of Responses to Decline Job Satisfaction, Academy of Management Journal, 31 (2): 599-627
  • Sackett, P.R. (2002). The Structure of Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Dimensionality and Relationships With Facets Of Job Performance, International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 10, (1/2): 5–11
  • Seçer, H.Ş. ve Seçer, B. (2007). Örgütlerde Üretkenlik Karşıtı İş Davranışları: Belirleyicileri ve Önlenmesi, TİSK Akademi, 2: 147-175
  • Sekaran, U. (2000). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Spector, P.E. ve Fox, S. (2002). An Emotion-Centered Model Of Voluntary Work Behavior Some Parallels Between Counterproductive Work Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Human Resource Management Review, 12. 269–292
  • Tütüncü, Ö. Ve Demir, M. (2002). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi ve İşgücü Hareketlerinin Analizi. Ankara: Turhan Kitabevi
  • Vardi, Y. ve Wiener, Y. (1996). Misbehavior in Organizations: A Motivational Framework, Organization Science, 7, (2): 151- 167
  • Wong, C.S. Ve Law, K.S. (2002). The Effects of Leader and Follower Emotional Intelligence on Performance and Attitude: an Exploratory Study, The Leadership Quarterly, 13 243–274
  • Woods, R.H. (1995). Managing Hospitality Human Resources, East Lansing. MI: Educational Institute of the American Hotel And Motel Association
  • Zapf, D. (1999). Organizational, Work, Group Related and Personal Causes of Mobbing/Bullying at Work, International Journal Manpower, 20 (1/2): 70-85.
There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mahmut Demir This is me

Özkan Tütüncü This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 21 Issue: 1 - Prof. Dr. Hasan Işın Dener Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Demir, M., & Tütüncü, Ö. (2010). Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 21(1), 64-74.
AMA Demir M, Tütüncü Ö. Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. June 2010;21(1):64-74.
Chicago Demir, Mahmut, and Özkan Tütüncü. “Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel Sapma Ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 21, no. 1 (June 2010): 64-74.
EndNote Demir M, Tütüncü Ö (June 1, 2010) Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 21 1 64–74.
IEEE M. Demir and Ö. Tütüncü, “Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki”, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 64–74, 2010.
ISNAD Demir, Mahmut - Tütüncü, Özkan. “Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel Sapma Ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 21/1 (June 2010), 64-74.
JAMA Demir M, Tütüncü Ö. Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2010;21:64–74.
MLA Demir, Mahmut and Özkan Tütüncü. “Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel Sapma Ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 1, 2010, pp. 64-74.
Vancouver Demir M, Tütüncü Ö. Ağırlama işletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile işten ayrılma eğilimi arasındaki ilişki. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2010;21(1):64-7.