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DAĞ BİSİKLETÇİLERİNİNİN ZİHİNSEL DAYANIKLILIK DÜZEYLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 31 - 43, 30.06.2020

Abstract

Giriş Ve Amaç: Bütün spor dallarında önemli olmakla beraber mücadele sporlarında özellikle de bisiklet gibi sporcunun kendi, rakibi ve doğa ile mücadelesinin üst düzeyde sergilendiği spor dallarında zihinsel dayanıklılık daha fazla önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye Dağ Bisikleti Şampiyonası gibi üst düzeyde mücadelenin sergilendiği yarışmalara katılan bisikletçilerin zihinsel dayanıklılıklarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bisikletçilerin zihinsel dayanıklılıklarını araştırmak için 19-20 Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında Rize’de yapılan Dağ Bisikleti Türkiye Şampiyonasına katılan sporculara “Sporda Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği” uygulandı. Ölçeği eksiksiz dolduran 146 sporcuya ait veriler çalışma için değerlendirildi. Sheard ve arkadaşları (2009) tarafından geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizi yapılan, Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması Altıntaş ve Koruç (2016) tarafından gerçekleşti. Ölçek, üç alt boyut ve toplam 14 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha güvenilirlik katsayıları sırasıyla; Güven 0.72, Devamlılık 0.71 ve Kontrol 0.66 şeklindedir.
Ölçekten elde edilen verilere öncelikli olarak normallik testi uygulandı. Uygulanan normallik testi sonucunda, normal dağılıma sahip veriler için ikili grup karşılaştırmalarında T-testi, üç ve üzeri grup karşılaştırmalarında One-way Anova Testi; normal dağılıma sahip olmayan verilerde ise Mann Whitneu-U ve Kruskal Wallis H testi uygulandı. Veriler α= 0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde sınandı.
Bulgular ve Sonuç: Araştırmanın bulguları dağ bisikletçilerinin zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeyleri üzerinde yaş, spor yapma yılı ve cinsiyet değişkenlerinin etkili olduğunu gösterdi. Sonuç olarak bisikletçilerin yaşları yükseldikçe kendilerine olan güven duygusunun arttığı görüldü. Erkek bisikletçilerin bayanlara göre baskı altında ve beklenmedik durumlarda daha kontrollü ve rahat oldukları söylenebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Bisiklet, Spor, Zihinsel Dayanıklılık

References

  • Abrahams, Dan. (2016). Futbol Mantalitesi, Nobel Akademik Yayınları, s. 101
  • Altıntaş, A., & Koruç, P. B., (2016) Sporda Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Envanteri’nin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi (SZDE). Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(4), 163-171.
  • Beardslee WR, Podorefsky MA. (1998). Resilient adolescents whose parents have serious affective and other psychiatric disorders: Importance of selfunderstanding and relationships. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 63-69.
  • Biçer, T. (2016). Doruk Performans, Beyaz Yayınları, s.89
  • Biçer, T. (2016). Sporda Yetenek mi Karakter mi, Beyaz Yayınları, s.190
  • Block JH, Block J. (1980). The Role of Ego-control and Ego-resiliency in the Organisation of Behaviour. (WA Collins Ed.), Development of Cognition, Affect, and Social Relations: Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 13, 39-101. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Buhrow, C., Digmann, J., & Waldron, J. J. (2017). The Relationship between Sports Specialization and Mental Toughness. International Journal of Exercise Science, 10(1), 44-52.
  • Bulls, S., Shambrook, C., James, W., & Brooks, J. (2005). Toward an understanding of mental toughness in elite english cricketers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 209-227
  • Connaughton, D., Wadey, R., Hanton, S., & Jones, G. (2008). The development and maintenance of mental toughness: Perceptions of elite performers. Journal of sports sciences, 26(1), 83-95.
  • Crust L. (2008). A review and conceptual reexamination of mental toughness: Implications for future researchers. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 576-583.
  • Crust, L. & Clough, P. J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: from research to practice. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2, 21-32.
  • Elemiri, A., & Ahmet, A. L. Y. (2014). Mental toughness and its relationship to the achievement level of the weightlifters in Egypt. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 16(2), 63-69.
  • Gerber, M., Kalak, N., Lemola, S., Clough, P. J., Pühse, U., Elliot, C. & Brand, S. (2012). Adolescents' exercise and physical activity are associated with mental toughness. Mental health and physical activity, 5(1), 35-42.
  • Gucciardi DF, Hanton S, Gordon S, (2015). The concept of mental toughness: tests of dimensionality, nomological network, and traitness. J Pers; 83(1):26-44. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12079]
  • Jacelon CS. (1997). The trait and process of resilience. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25: 123-129.
  • Jones MI, Parker JK. (2013). What is the size of the relationship between global mental toughness and youth experiences Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 519-523.
  • Jones, G., Hanton, S. and Connaughton, D. (2007). A framework of mental toughness in world' s best performers. The Sport Psychologist, 21,243-264.
  • Jones, M. I., & Parker, J. K. (2017). An analysis of the size and direction of the association between mental toughness and Olympic distance personal best triathlon times. Journal of sport and health science.
  • Kalkavan, A., Acet, M., Çakır G. (2017). Investigation of the mental endurance levels of the athletes participating in the table tennis championship of universities in turkey. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 5(4), 356-363.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık. Liew, G. C., Kuan, G., Chin, N. S., & Hashim, H. A. (2019). Mental toughness in sport. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 1-14.
  • Nachmias C. F. and Nachmias D. (1996). Research methods in the social sciences (5th Edition). New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Newland, A., Newton, M., Finch, L., Harbke, C. R., & Podlog, L. (2013). Moderating variables in the relationship between mental toughness and performance in basketball. Journal of sport and health science, 2(3), 184-192.
  • Nicholls, A. R., Polman, R. C., Levy, A. R., & Backhouse, S. H. (2009). Mental toughness in sport: Achievement level, gender, age, experience, and sport type differences. Personality and individual differences, 47(1), 73-75.
  • Sheard M, Golby J, Van Wersch A. (2009). Progress towards construct validation of the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25, 186-193.
  • Sheard M. (2013). Mental Toughness: The Mindset Behind Sporting Achievement. Second Edition, Hove, East Sussex: Routledge.
  • Weinberg, R. S. and Gould, D. 2015. Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisinin Temelleri, M. Şahin ve Z. Koruç tarafından 6.Basımdan Çeviri. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 31 - 43, 30.06.2020

Abstract

References

  • Abrahams, Dan. (2016). Futbol Mantalitesi, Nobel Akademik Yayınları, s. 101
  • Altıntaş, A., & Koruç, P. B., (2016) Sporda Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Envanteri’nin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi (SZDE). Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(4), 163-171.
  • Beardslee WR, Podorefsky MA. (1998). Resilient adolescents whose parents have serious affective and other psychiatric disorders: Importance of selfunderstanding and relationships. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 63-69.
  • Biçer, T. (2016). Doruk Performans, Beyaz Yayınları, s.89
  • Biçer, T. (2016). Sporda Yetenek mi Karakter mi, Beyaz Yayınları, s.190
  • Block JH, Block J. (1980). The Role of Ego-control and Ego-resiliency in the Organisation of Behaviour. (WA Collins Ed.), Development of Cognition, Affect, and Social Relations: Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 13, 39-101. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Buhrow, C., Digmann, J., & Waldron, J. J. (2017). The Relationship between Sports Specialization and Mental Toughness. International Journal of Exercise Science, 10(1), 44-52.
  • Bulls, S., Shambrook, C., James, W., & Brooks, J. (2005). Toward an understanding of mental toughness in elite english cricketers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 209-227
  • Connaughton, D., Wadey, R., Hanton, S., & Jones, G. (2008). The development and maintenance of mental toughness: Perceptions of elite performers. Journal of sports sciences, 26(1), 83-95.
  • Crust L. (2008). A review and conceptual reexamination of mental toughness: Implications for future researchers. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 576-583.
  • Crust, L. & Clough, P. J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: from research to practice. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2, 21-32.
  • Elemiri, A., & Ahmet, A. L. Y. (2014). Mental toughness and its relationship to the achievement level of the weightlifters in Egypt. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 16(2), 63-69.
  • Gerber, M., Kalak, N., Lemola, S., Clough, P. J., Pühse, U., Elliot, C. & Brand, S. (2012). Adolescents' exercise and physical activity are associated with mental toughness. Mental health and physical activity, 5(1), 35-42.
  • Gucciardi DF, Hanton S, Gordon S, (2015). The concept of mental toughness: tests of dimensionality, nomological network, and traitness. J Pers; 83(1):26-44. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12079]
  • Jacelon CS. (1997). The trait and process of resilience. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25: 123-129.
  • Jones MI, Parker JK. (2013). What is the size of the relationship between global mental toughness and youth experiences Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 519-523.
  • Jones, G., Hanton, S. and Connaughton, D. (2007). A framework of mental toughness in world' s best performers. The Sport Psychologist, 21,243-264.
  • Jones, M. I., & Parker, J. K. (2017). An analysis of the size and direction of the association between mental toughness and Olympic distance personal best triathlon times. Journal of sport and health science.
  • Kalkavan, A., Acet, M., Çakır G. (2017). Investigation of the mental endurance levels of the athletes participating in the table tennis championship of universities in turkey. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 5(4), 356-363.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık. Liew, G. C., Kuan, G., Chin, N. S., & Hashim, H. A. (2019). Mental toughness in sport. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 1-14.
  • Nachmias C. F. and Nachmias D. (1996). Research methods in the social sciences (5th Edition). New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Newland, A., Newton, M., Finch, L., Harbke, C. R., & Podlog, L. (2013). Moderating variables in the relationship between mental toughness and performance in basketball. Journal of sport and health science, 2(3), 184-192.
  • Nicholls, A. R., Polman, R. C., Levy, A. R., & Backhouse, S. H. (2009). Mental toughness in sport: Achievement level, gender, age, experience, and sport type differences. Personality and individual differences, 47(1), 73-75.
  • Sheard M, Golby J, Van Wersch A. (2009). Progress towards construct validation of the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25, 186-193.
  • Sheard M. (2013). Mental Toughness: The Mindset Behind Sporting Achievement. Second Edition, Hove, East Sussex: Routledge.
  • Weinberg, R. S. and Gould, D. 2015. Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisinin Temelleri, M. Şahin ve Z. Koruç tarafından 6.Basımdan Çeviri. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Arslan Kalkavan 0000-0001-9439-4976

Çetin Özdilek 0000-0003-3676-366X

Gökhan Çakır 0000-0002-6800-9816

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Acceptance Date June 10, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 22 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kalkavan, A., Özdilek, Ç., & Çakır, G. (2020). DAĞ BİSİKLETÇİLERİNİNİN ZİHİNSEL DAYANIKLILIK DÜZEYLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(2), 31-43.