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Year 2014, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 351 - 366, 23.03.2015

Abstract

The aim of this research was to examine the predictors of drivers’ sense of rule violations including sensation seeking, aggressiveness, assertiveness, confidence in driving ability, time pressure, and perception of changes of being caught. Three hundred and forty-nine drivers working in various public departments participated in the study. The dependent variable namely drivers’ perception of rule violations was used to examine factors leading risky driving. The result showed that sensation seeking, assertiveness, confidence in driving ability, time pressure, and possibility of being caught affected drivers’ perception of rule violation

References

  • Aberg, L., & Rimmo, P. (1998). “Dimensions of aberrant driver behavior”. Ergonomics, 41(1), 39-56.
  • Adams-Guppy, J. R., & Guppy, A. (1995). “Speeding in relation to perceptions of risk, utility and driving style by British company car drivers”. Ergonomics, 38(12), 2525-2535.
  • Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.
  • Allen, M. E., & McCarthy, P. (2014). Sport psychology. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Alper, S. J., & Karsh, B. T. (2009). “A systematic review of safety violations in industry”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41(4), 739-754.
  • Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). “Human aggression”. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51.
  • Arnett, J. J. (1994). “Sensation seeking: A new conceptualization and a new scale”. Personality and Individual Differences, 16 (2), 289-296.
  • Arnett, J. J. (1996). “Sensation seeking, aggressiveness, and adolescent reckless behavior”. Personality and Individual Differences, 20 (6), 693-702.
  • Arnett, J. J., Offer, D., & Fine, M. A. (1997). “Reckless driving in adolescence: ‘State’ and ‘trait’ factors”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 29 (1), 57-63.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84 (2), 191-215.
  • Bandura, A. (1995). “Exercise of personal and collective efficacy in changing societies”.
  • In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 1-45). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman. Baron, R. A. (1977). Human aggression. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Beilock, R. (1995). “Schedule-induced hours-of-service and speed limit violations among tractor-trailer drivers”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 27(1), 33-42.
  • Berdoulat, E., Vavassori, D., & Sastre, M. T. M. (2013). “Driving anger, emotional and instrumental aggressiveness, and impulsiveness in the prediction of aggressive and transgressive driving”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 758-767.
  • Berkowitz, L. (1989). “Frustration-aggression hypothesis: examination and reformulation”. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 1, 59-73.
  • Bushman, B. J., & O’Brien, E. H. (2012). “Aggression”. In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encylopedia of human behavior (pp. 37-43). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Dahlen, E. R., & White, R. P. (2006). “The Big Five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving”. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(5), 903-915.
  • Dahlen, E. R., Martin, R. C., Ragan, K., & Kuhlman, M. M. (2005). “Driving anger, sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness in the prediction of unsafe driving”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37(2), 341-348
  • Davey, J., Wishart, D., Freeman, J., & Watson, B. (2007). “An application of the driver behaviour questionnaire in an Australian organizational fleet setting”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 10 (1), 11-21.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Filetti, L. B., Dahlen, E. R., & Oetting, E. R. (2003). “Anger, aggression, risky behavior, and crash-related outcomes in three groups of drivers”. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41(3), 333-349.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Oetting, E. R., & Yingling, D. A. (2001). “Driving anger: Correlates and a test of state-trait theory”. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(8), 1321-1331.
  • DeJoy, D. M. (1992). “An examination of gender differences in traffic accident risk perception”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 24(3), 237-246.
  • Elander, J., West, R., & French, D. (1993). “Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings”. Psychological bulletin, 113 (2), 279-294.
  • Grasmick, H. G., & Milligan Jr, H. M. (1976). “Deterrence theory approach to socioeconomic/demographic correlates of crime”. Social Science Quarterly,57(3), 608-617.
  • Gregersen, N. P. (1996). “Young drivers’ overestimation of their own skill-an experiment on the relation between training strategy and skill”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 28(2), 243-250.
  • Groeger, J. A., & Brown, I. D. (1989). “Assessing one’s own and others’ driving ability: Influences of sex, age, and experience”. Accident Analysis & Prevention,21 (2), 155-168.
  • Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2002). “The relationship between driver aggression, violence, and vengeance”. Violence and Victims, 17(6), 707-718.
  • Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2005). “Driving vengeance and willful violations: Clustering of problem driving attitudes”. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35(1), 61-79.
  • Iversen, H., & Rundmo, T. (2002). “Personality, risky driving and accident involvement among Norwegian drivers”. Personality and Individual Differences, 33 (8), 1251-1263.
  • Laapotti, S., Keskinen, E., & Rajalin, S. (2003). “Comparison of young male and female drivers’ attitude and self-reported traffic behaviour in Finland in 1978 and 2001”. Journal of Safety Research, 34(5), 579-587.
  • Lajunen, T., & Ozkan, T. (2011). “Self-report instruments and methods”. In B. E. Porter (Ed.), Handbook of Traffic Psychology (pp.43-59). San Diego, CA: Elseveir.
  • Lajunen, T., & Parker, D. (2001). “Are aggressive people aggressive drivers? A study of the relationship between self-reported general aggressiveness, driver anger and aggressive driving”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 33 (2), 243-255.
  • Lajunen, T., & Summala, H. (1995). “Driving experience, personality, and skill and safety-motive dimensions in drivers’ self-assessments”. Personality and Individual Differences, 19(3), 307-318.
  • Lajunen, T., Parker, D., & Stradling, S. G. (1998). “Dimensions of driver anger, aggressive and highway code violations and their mediation by safety orientation in UK drivers”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 1(2), 107-121.
  • Machin, M. A., & Sankey, K. S. (2008). “Relationships between young drivers’ personality characteristics, risk perceptions, and driving behavior”. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40 (2), 541-547.
  • Meijman, T. F., & Kompier, M. A. (1998). “Busy business: How urban bus drivers cope with time pressure, passengers, and traffic safety”. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(2), 109-121.
  • Michiels, W., & Schneider, P. A. (1984). “Traffic offences: another approach to description and prediction”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 16 (3), 223-238.
  • Ozkan, T., & Lajunen, T. (2005). “Why are there sex differences in risky driving? The relationship between sex and gender‐role on aggressive driving, traffic offences, and accident involvement among young Turkish drivers”. Aggressive behavior, 31(6), 547-558.
  • Parker, D., Manstead, A. S. R., & Stradling, S. G. (1995a). “Extending the theory of planed behaviour: the role of personal norm”. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 127–137.
  • Parker, D., West, R., Stradling, S., & Manstead, A. S. (1995b). “Behavioural characteristics and involvement in different types of traffic accident”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 27(4), 571-581.
  • Peer, E. (2010). “Speeding and the time-saving bias: How drivers’ estimations of time saved in higher speed affects their choice of speed”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(6), 1978-1982.
  • Reason, J., Manstead, A., Stradling , S., Baxter, J., & Campbell, K. (1990). “Errors and violations on the roads: a real distinction?”. Ergonomics, 33, 1315-1332.
  • Rothengatter, T. (1991). “Automatic policing and information systems for increasing traffic law compliance”. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24(1), 85.
  • Rumar, K. (1985). “The role of perceptual and cognitive filters in observed behavior”. In
  • L. Evans, & R. C. Schwing (Eds.), Human behavior and traffic safety (pp. 151-165). New York: Plenum Press.
  • Stern, E. (1999). “Reactions to congestion under time pressure”. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 7(2), 75-90.
  • Stradling, S., Meadows, M., & Beatty, S. (2004). Characteristics and crash-involvement of speeding, violations and thrill-seeking drivers (pp. 177-192). In T.
  • Rothengatter, & R. D. Huguenin (Eds.),Traffic and transport psychology: Theory and application. San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Sullivan, P., & Feltz, D. L. (2005). “Applying social psychology to sports team”. In F. W.
  • Schneider, J. A. Gruman, & L. M. Coutts (Eds.), Applied social psychology: Understanding and addressing social and practical problems (pp. 129-150). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Ulleberg, P., & Rundmo, T. (2003). “Personality, attitudes and risk perception as predictors of risky driving behaviour among young drivers”. Safety Science, 41(5), 427-443.
  • Xie, C., & Parker, D. (2002). “A social psychological approach to driving violations in two Chinese cities”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 5 (4), 293-308.
  • Xie, C., Parker, D., & Stradling, S. (2004). “Driver behaviour and its consequence: The case of Chinese drivers”. In T. Rothengatter, & R. D. Huguenin (Eds.),Traffic and transport psychology: Theory and application (pp. 193- 199). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Yagil, D. (1998). “Gender and age-related differences in attitudes toward traffic laws and traffic violations”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 1(2), 123-135.
  • Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. NewYork: Cambridge University Press.
  • Zuckerman, M. (2007). Sensation seeking and risky behavior. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Factors Affecting Public Drivers’ Sense of Rule Violations / Sürücülerin Kural İhlalleri Algısını Etkileyen Faktörler

Year 2014, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 351 - 366, 23.03.2015

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this research was to examine the predictors of drivers’ sense of
rule violations including sensation seeking, aggressiveness, assertiveness, confidence in
driving ability, time pressure, and perception of changes of being caught. Three hundred
and forty-nine drivers working in various public departments participated in the study.
The dependent variable namely drivers’ perception of rule violations was used to examine
factors leading risky driving. The result showed that sensation seeking, assertiveness,
confidence in driving ability, time pressure, and possibility of being caught affected
drivers’ perception of rule violation.

 

Öz: Bu çalışmanın amacı sürücülerin kuralları ihlal etmelerine neden olan heyecan
arayışı, saldırganlık, sertlik, sürüş yeteneğine güven, zaman baskısı ve yakalanma algısı
gibi etkenlerin incelenmesidir. Değişik kamu kurum ve kuruluşlarında çalışan 349 kamu
sürücüsü çalışmaya katılmıştır. Çalışmada sürücülerin yasaları ihlal algıları sürücülerin
tehlikeli sürüş davranışlarını anlamak için bağımlı değişken olarak kullanılmıştır.
Sonuçlar heyecan arayışı, sertlik, sürüş yeteneğine güven, zaman baskısı ve yakalanma
algısı gibi nedenlerin sürücülerin kuralları ihlal algısı ile ilgili olduğunu göstermiştir.

 

Keywords: Risky driving, sensation seeking, aggressiveness, time pressure.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tehlikeli araba kullanma, heyecan arayışı, saldırganlık, zaman
baskısı.

 

References

  • Aberg, L., & Rimmo, P. (1998). “Dimensions of aberrant driver behavior”. Ergonomics, 41(1), 39-56.
  • Adams-Guppy, J. R., & Guppy, A. (1995). “Speeding in relation to perceptions of risk, utility and driving style by British company car drivers”. Ergonomics, 38(12), 2525-2535.
  • Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.
  • Allen, M. E., & McCarthy, P. (2014). Sport psychology. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Alper, S. J., & Karsh, B. T. (2009). “A systematic review of safety violations in industry”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41(4), 739-754.
  • Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). “Human aggression”. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51.
  • Arnett, J. J. (1994). “Sensation seeking: A new conceptualization and a new scale”. Personality and Individual Differences, 16 (2), 289-296.
  • Arnett, J. J. (1996). “Sensation seeking, aggressiveness, and adolescent reckless behavior”. Personality and Individual Differences, 20 (6), 693-702.
  • Arnett, J. J., Offer, D., & Fine, M. A. (1997). “Reckless driving in adolescence: ‘State’ and ‘trait’ factors”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 29 (1), 57-63.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84 (2), 191-215.
  • Bandura, A. (1995). “Exercise of personal and collective efficacy in changing societies”.
  • In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 1-45). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman. Baron, R. A. (1977). Human aggression. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Beilock, R. (1995). “Schedule-induced hours-of-service and speed limit violations among tractor-trailer drivers”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 27(1), 33-42.
  • Berdoulat, E., Vavassori, D., & Sastre, M. T. M. (2013). “Driving anger, emotional and instrumental aggressiveness, and impulsiveness in the prediction of aggressive and transgressive driving”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 758-767.
  • Berkowitz, L. (1989). “Frustration-aggression hypothesis: examination and reformulation”. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 1, 59-73.
  • Bushman, B. J., & O’Brien, E. H. (2012). “Aggression”. In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encylopedia of human behavior (pp. 37-43). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Dahlen, E. R., & White, R. P. (2006). “The Big Five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving”. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(5), 903-915.
  • Dahlen, E. R., Martin, R. C., Ragan, K., & Kuhlman, M. M. (2005). “Driving anger, sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness in the prediction of unsafe driving”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37(2), 341-348
  • Davey, J., Wishart, D., Freeman, J., & Watson, B. (2007). “An application of the driver behaviour questionnaire in an Australian organizational fleet setting”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 10 (1), 11-21.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Filetti, L. B., Dahlen, E. R., & Oetting, E. R. (2003). “Anger, aggression, risky behavior, and crash-related outcomes in three groups of drivers”. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41(3), 333-349.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Oetting, E. R., & Yingling, D. A. (2001). “Driving anger: Correlates and a test of state-trait theory”. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(8), 1321-1331.
  • DeJoy, D. M. (1992). “An examination of gender differences in traffic accident risk perception”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 24(3), 237-246.
  • Elander, J., West, R., & French, D. (1993). “Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings”. Psychological bulletin, 113 (2), 279-294.
  • Grasmick, H. G., & Milligan Jr, H. M. (1976). “Deterrence theory approach to socioeconomic/demographic correlates of crime”. Social Science Quarterly,57(3), 608-617.
  • Gregersen, N. P. (1996). “Young drivers’ overestimation of their own skill-an experiment on the relation between training strategy and skill”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 28(2), 243-250.
  • Groeger, J. A., & Brown, I. D. (1989). “Assessing one’s own and others’ driving ability: Influences of sex, age, and experience”. Accident Analysis & Prevention,21 (2), 155-168.
  • Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2002). “The relationship between driver aggression, violence, and vengeance”. Violence and Victims, 17(6), 707-718.
  • Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2005). “Driving vengeance and willful violations: Clustering of problem driving attitudes”. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35(1), 61-79.
  • Iversen, H., & Rundmo, T. (2002). “Personality, risky driving and accident involvement among Norwegian drivers”. Personality and Individual Differences, 33 (8), 1251-1263.
  • Laapotti, S., Keskinen, E., & Rajalin, S. (2003). “Comparison of young male and female drivers’ attitude and self-reported traffic behaviour in Finland in 1978 and 2001”. Journal of Safety Research, 34(5), 579-587.
  • Lajunen, T., & Ozkan, T. (2011). “Self-report instruments and methods”. In B. E. Porter (Ed.), Handbook of Traffic Psychology (pp.43-59). San Diego, CA: Elseveir.
  • Lajunen, T., & Parker, D. (2001). “Are aggressive people aggressive drivers? A study of the relationship between self-reported general aggressiveness, driver anger and aggressive driving”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 33 (2), 243-255.
  • Lajunen, T., & Summala, H. (1995). “Driving experience, personality, and skill and safety-motive dimensions in drivers’ self-assessments”. Personality and Individual Differences, 19(3), 307-318.
  • Lajunen, T., Parker, D., & Stradling, S. G. (1998). “Dimensions of driver anger, aggressive and highway code violations and their mediation by safety orientation in UK drivers”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 1(2), 107-121.
  • Machin, M. A., & Sankey, K. S. (2008). “Relationships between young drivers’ personality characteristics, risk perceptions, and driving behavior”. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40 (2), 541-547.
  • Meijman, T. F., & Kompier, M. A. (1998). “Busy business: How urban bus drivers cope with time pressure, passengers, and traffic safety”. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(2), 109-121.
  • Michiels, W., & Schneider, P. A. (1984). “Traffic offences: another approach to description and prediction”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 16 (3), 223-238.
  • Ozkan, T., & Lajunen, T. (2005). “Why are there sex differences in risky driving? The relationship between sex and gender‐role on aggressive driving, traffic offences, and accident involvement among young Turkish drivers”. Aggressive behavior, 31(6), 547-558.
  • Parker, D., Manstead, A. S. R., & Stradling, S. G. (1995a). “Extending the theory of planed behaviour: the role of personal norm”. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 127–137.
  • Parker, D., West, R., Stradling, S., & Manstead, A. S. (1995b). “Behavioural characteristics and involvement in different types of traffic accident”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 27(4), 571-581.
  • Peer, E. (2010). “Speeding and the time-saving bias: How drivers’ estimations of time saved in higher speed affects their choice of speed”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(6), 1978-1982.
  • Reason, J., Manstead, A., Stradling , S., Baxter, J., & Campbell, K. (1990). “Errors and violations on the roads: a real distinction?”. Ergonomics, 33, 1315-1332.
  • Rothengatter, T. (1991). “Automatic policing and information systems for increasing traffic law compliance”. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24(1), 85.
  • Rumar, K. (1985). “The role of perceptual and cognitive filters in observed behavior”. In
  • L. Evans, & R. C. Schwing (Eds.), Human behavior and traffic safety (pp. 151-165). New York: Plenum Press.
  • Stern, E. (1999). “Reactions to congestion under time pressure”. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 7(2), 75-90.
  • Stradling, S., Meadows, M., & Beatty, S. (2004). Characteristics and crash-involvement of speeding, violations and thrill-seeking drivers (pp. 177-192). In T.
  • Rothengatter, & R. D. Huguenin (Eds.),Traffic and transport psychology: Theory and application. San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Sullivan, P., & Feltz, D. L. (2005). “Applying social psychology to sports team”. In F. W.
  • Schneider, J. A. Gruman, & L. M. Coutts (Eds.), Applied social psychology: Understanding and addressing social and practical problems (pp. 129-150). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Ulleberg, P., & Rundmo, T. (2003). “Personality, attitudes and risk perception as predictors of risky driving behaviour among young drivers”. Safety Science, 41(5), 427-443.
  • Xie, C., & Parker, D. (2002). “A social psychological approach to driving violations in two Chinese cities”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 5 (4), 293-308.
  • Xie, C., Parker, D., & Stradling, S. (2004). “Driver behaviour and its consequence: The case of Chinese drivers”. In T. Rothengatter, & R. D. Huguenin (Eds.),Traffic and transport psychology: Theory and application (pp. 193- 199). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Yagil, D. (1998). “Gender and age-related differences in attitudes toward traffic laws and traffic violations”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 1(2), 123-135.
  • Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. NewYork: Cambridge University Press.
  • Zuckerman, M. (2007). Sensation seeking and risky behavior. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language en;tr
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

İsmail Demirkol This is me

Hamza Tosun This is me

Yusuf Yüksel This is me

Publication Date March 23, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Demirkol, İ., Tosun, H., & Yüksel, Y. (2015). Factors Affecting Public Drivers’ Sense of Rule Violations / Sürücülerin Kural İhlalleri Algısını Etkileyen Faktörler. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 18(3), 351-366.

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