1982 Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi kapsamında “Barışçıl Amaçlar” teriminin anlamı

Abstract

Uluslararası hukukta, ilk olarak, 1959 tarihli Antarktika Antlaşması’na derç edilen “barışçıl amaçlar” terimi, sonraki tarihli pek çok uluslararası hukuk metninde klişe bir ifade olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Deniz hukuku alanında en kapsamlı uluslararası sözleşme olan 1982 Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi (BMDHS)’nde de “barışçıl amaçlar” terimi sıklıkla kullanılmıştır. Sözleşmenin hazırlık sürecinde terimin anlamının belirlenmesine yönelik bir takım girişimler olmasına rağmen terimin açık bir tanımı yapılmamış ve muğlâk bir ifade olarak kalmıştır. Doktrinde terimin anlamına yönelik yapılan tanımların ise hukukî olmaktan ziyade devletlerin askerî ve ekonomik çıkarlarını yansıttığı görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte yapılacak genel kabul gören hukukî bir tanımın, muhtemel çatışmaları azaltacağı ve dünya barışına önemli katkı sağlayacağı aşikârdır. Bu itibarla çalışmanın amacını, BMDHS’nin sekiz maddesinde kullanılan “barışçıl amaçlar” teriminin anlamının sorgulanarak, sözleşmenin hedef ve ruhuna uygun şekilde içeriğinin doldurulması oluşturmaktadır

Keywords

• BMDHS, barışçıl amaçlar, askerî faaliyetler, insanlığın ortak mirası, deniz alanları

The Meaning of the “Peaceful Purposes” Term in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Abstract

The “peaceful purposes” term, inserted first of all in the Antarctica Treaty in the international law, is used in the next many international agreement as a cliché phrase. It is often used in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) that is the most comprehensive international convention in the field of law of sea. Despite a number of initiatives for the determination of the meaning of the term in the preparation process of the UNCLOS, it is not defined and remains as a vague expression. However, that a generally accepted legal definition will reduce potential conflict and provide a signification contribution to world peace is obvious. Therefore, the aim of this study is examined the meaning of the “peaceful purposes” term that is used in the eight articles of the UNCLOS and its content is determined as appropriate the aim and sense of the UNCLOS

Keywords

• UNCLOS, peaceful purposes, military activities, common heritage of mankind, maritime areas

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