The Formation of the Discipline of the History of Religions in France within the Context of the Catholic-Secular Controversy

Abstract

The Formation of the Discipline of the History of Religions in France within the Context of the Catholic-Secular Controversy When delineating the History of Religions, Friedrich Max Müller‟s Introduction to the Science of Religion (1883) is generally taken as a starting point and the historical development of this discipline from this date onward is chronologically presented. This approach not only does not sufficiently emphasize the fact that History of Religions emerged and was institutionalized in each country under conditions which were peculiar to it, but also gives the impression that this discipline has gone through common developmental phases. In fact, since History of Religions emerged in Europe in historical, social and cultural contexts that varied from country to country, as is the case in other scientific disciplines, it is viewed in different ways. For instance, the notion of History of Religions, its function, and the way in which it was perceived in academic circles in France are very different from other European countries. Thus the aim of this study is to clarify the causes of these differences by tracing the formative processes of History of Religions in France with special reference to the CatholicSecular conflict

Keywords

• History of Religions, France, Catholic Church, Laicism, Theology, Protestantism

Katolik-laik tartışması bağlamında Fransa’da dinler tarihi disiplininin oluşum süreci

Abstract

Bilimsel bir disiplin olarak Dinler Tarihinin tarihi betimlenirken genellikle Friedrich Max Müller‟in Introduction to the Science of Religion (1873) adlı eseri başlangıç noktası olarak kabul edilmekte ve bu tarihten başlanarak bu disiplinin tarihsel gelişim safhaları kronolojik sırayla ele alınmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, Dinler Tarihinin her ülkede kendine has şartlar altında geliştiği ve kurumsallaştığı gerçeğine yeterince vurgu yapmadığı gibi sanki bu disiplin ortak bir gelişim safhasından geçmiş izlenimi uyandırmaktadır. Oysa diğer bilim dallarında olduğu gibi Dinler Tarihi, Avrupa‟da ülkeden ülkeye farklı tarihsel, sosyal ve kültürel bağlamlarda ortaya çıktığı için doğal olarak da farklı şekillerde değerlendirilmektedir. Örneğin Fransa‟daki Dinler Tarihi anlayışı, bu disiplininin işlevi ve akademik camiada onun algılanış biçimi, diğer Avrupa ülkelerinden oldukça farklıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Fransa‟da Dinler Tarihi disiplininin oluşum sürecini ortaya koyarak bu farklılıkların nedenlerini açıklığa kavuşturmaktır

Keywords

• Dinler Tarihi, Fransa, Katolik Kilisesi, Laiklik, Teoloji, Protestanlık

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