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Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 60 - 69, 30.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1698998

Abstract

Olimpiyat Oyunları, dört yılda bir düzenlenen ve küresel düzeyde en geniş katılımla gerçekleşen spor organizasyonlarından biridir. Ev sahibi ülkeler için önemli ekonomik ve sosyal fırsatlar sunan bu organizasyonlar, aynı zamanda ülkelerin uluslararası temsiliyet düzeylerini de yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2024 Paris Olimpiyat Oyunları çerçevesinde ülkelerin oyunlara gönderdikleri sporcu sayısını etkileyen faktörleri Newton’un yerçekimi modeli çerçevesinde analiz etmektir. Çalışmada 201 ülkeye ait veriler kullanılmış; demografik yapı, ekonomik göstergeler, beşeri sermaye unsurları, geçmiş Olimpiyat performansları ve coğrafi uzaklık gibi çok boyutlu değişkenler modele dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, kişi başına düşen GSYİH, genç nüfus oranı, ortalama eğitim süresi ve önceki Olimpiyatlardaki başarı düzeyi gibi faktörler, gönderilen sporcu sayısı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkiye sahiptir. Ayrıca, Fransa’ya olan coğrafi uzaklık da gönderilen sporcu sayısını negatif yönde etkilemektedir. Bu yönüyle çalışma, Olimpiyatlara katılımı etkileyen yapısal dinamikleri açıklamaya yönelik literatüre katkı sunmaktadır.

References

  • Baade, R. A., & Matheson, V. A. (2016). Going for the gold: The economics of the Olympics. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30(2), 201-218.
  • Brunet, F.; Xinwen, Z. The Economy of the Beijing Olympic Games: An Analysis of First Impacts and Prospects; Centre d’Estudis Olímpics, UAB: Barcelona, Spain, 2009.
  • Choi, H., Woo, H., Kim, J. H., & Yang, J. S. (2019). Gravity model for dyadic Olympic competition. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 513, 447-455.
  • da Silva Faria, M. J., & Pereira, B. L. G. A. (2023). The Impact on the Brazilian Economy of the Olympic Games in Rio De Janeiro in 2016. International Journal of Professional Business Review: Int. J. Prof. Bus. Rev., 8(11), 25.
  • Firgo, M. (2021). The causal economic effects of Olympic Games on host regions. Regional science and urban economics, 88, 103673.
  • Fourie, J., & Santana-Gallego, M. (2011). The impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals. Tourism Management, 32(6), 1364-1370.
  • Hoerl, A. E., & Kennard, R. W. (1970). Ridge regression: Biased estimation for nonorthogonal problems. Technometrics, 12(1), 55-67.
  • Huanfeng, D. I. N. G., Yuxi, Z. H. U., & Xiaozhe, S. U. N. (2022). Asymmetric Influence of Hosting Olympic Games on Economic Growth of Host Countries: A New Evidence Under Quasi-natural Experiment. Journal of Shanghai University of Sport, 46(12), 82-93.
  • Johnson, D. K., & Ali, A. (2004). A tale of two seasons: participation and medal counts at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Social science quarterly, 85(4), 974-993.
  • International Olympic Committee, https://www.olympics.com/ioc
  • Kasimati, E., & Dawson, P. (2009). Assessing the impact of the 2004 Olympic Games on the Greek economy: A small macroeconometric model. Economic modelling, 26(1), 139-146.
  • Li, S., & Blake, A. (2009). Estimating Olympic‐related investment and expenditure. International Journal of Tourism Research, 11(4), 337-356.
  • Li, S., Blake, A., & Cooper, C. (2011). Modelling the economic impact of international tourism on the Chinese economy: A CGE analysis of the Beijing 2008 Olympics. Tourism Economics, 17(2), 279-303.
  • Li, S., Blake, A., & Thomas, R. (2013). Modelling the economic impact of sports events: The case of the Beijing Olympics. Economic Modelling, 30, 235-244.
  • Preuss, H. (2004). Calculating the regional economic impact of the Olympic Games. European sport management quarterly, 4(4), 234-253.
  • Scandizzo, P. L., & Pierleoni, M. R. (2018). Assessing the Olympic Games: The economic impact and beyond. Journal of economic surveys, 32(3), 649-682.
  • Shasha, W., Nawaz Abbasi, B., & Sohail, A. (2023). Assessment of Olympic performance in relation to economic, demographic, geographic, and social factors: quantile and Tobit approaches. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 36(1).
  • Song, C., & Ranelli, E. (2008). Reading the major economic indicators to examine the impact of the Olympic Games on Beijing's economy. Journal of Business Issues, 1, 37-55.
  • Song, W. (2010). Impacts of Olympics on exports and tourism. Journal of economic development, 35(4), 93.
  • Tibshirani, R. (1996). Regression shrinkage and selection via the Lasso. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 58(1), 267-288.
  • Türkiye Milli Olimpiyat Komitesi, https://olimpiyat.org.tr/

Determinants of Olympic Participation: An Analysis of Economic, Demographic, and Institutional Dynamics

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 60 - 69, 30.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1698998

Abstract

The Olympic Games, held every four years, are among the most prestigious international sporting events, reflecting not only athletic excellence but also global representation and national capacity. While hosting the Olympics is often associated with economic vitality for the organizing country, the number of athletes sent by participating nations is shaped by a range of structural and contextual factors. This study investigates the determinants of athlete participation across 201 countries for the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, employing Newton’s gravity model as a conceptual framework. The analysis incorporates demographic indicators, economic variables, human capital measures, historical Olympic performance, and geographical distance. The results indicate that GDP per capita, youth population ratio, average years of schooling, and previous Olympic success have statistically significant and positive effects on the number of athletes a country sends. Conversely, greater geographical distance from France is associated with reduced participation. By addressing multidimensional drivers of Olympic representation, this study contributes to the empirical literature on global sporting participation and international inequality in athletic representation.

References

  • Baade, R. A., & Matheson, V. A. (2016). Going for the gold: The economics of the Olympics. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30(2), 201-218.
  • Brunet, F.; Xinwen, Z. The Economy of the Beijing Olympic Games: An Analysis of First Impacts and Prospects; Centre d’Estudis Olímpics, UAB: Barcelona, Spain, 2009.
  • Choi, H., Woo, H., Kim, J. H., & Yang, J. S. (2019). Gravity model for dyadic Olympic competition. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 513, 447-455.
  • da Silva Faria, M. J., & Pereira, B. L. G. A. (2023). The Impact on the Brazilian Economy of the Olympic Games in Rio De Janeiro in 2016. International Journal of Professional Business Review: Int. J. Prof. Bus. Rev., 8(11), 25.
  • Firgo, M. (2021). The causal economic effects of Olympic Games on host regions. Regional science and urban economics, 88, 103673.
  • Fourie, J., & Santana-Gallego, M. (2011). The impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals. Tourism Management, 32(6), 1364-1370.
  • Hoerl, A. E., & Kennard, R. W. (1970). Ridge regression: Biased estimation for nonorthogonal problems. Technometrics, 12(1), 55-67.
  • Huanfeng, D. I. N. G., Yuxi, Z. H. U., & Xiaozhe, S. U. N. (2022). Asymmetric Influence of Hosting Olympic Games on Economic Growth of Host Countries: A New Evidence Under Quasi-natural Experiment. Journal of Shanghai University of Sport, 46(12), 82-93.
  • Johnson, D. K., & Ali, A. (2004). A tale of two seasons: participation and medal counts at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Social science quarterly, 85(4), 974-993.
  • International Olympic Committee, https://www.olympics.com/ioc
  • Kasimati, E., & Dawson, P. (2009). Assessing the impact of the 2004 Olympic Games on the Greek economy: A small macroeconometric model. Economic modelling, 26(1), 139-146.
  • Li, S., & Blake, A. (2009). Estimating Olympic‐related investment and expenditure. International Journal of Tourism Research, 11(4), 337-356.
  • Li, S., Blake, A., & Cooper, C. (2011). Modelling the economic impact of international tourism on the Chinese economy: A CGE analysis of the Beijing 2008 Olympics. Tourism Economics, 17(2), 279-303.
  • Li, S., Blake, A., & Thomas, R. (2013). Modelling the economic impact of sports events: The case of the Beijing Olympics. Economic Modelling, 30, 235-244.
  • Preuss, H. (2004). Calculating the regional economic impact of the Olympic Games. European sport management quarterly, 4(4), 234-253.
  • Scandizzo, P. L., & Pierleoni, M. R. (2018). Assessing the Olympic Games: The economic impact and beyond. Journal of economic surveys, 32(3), 649-682.
  • Shasha, W., Nawaz Abbasi, B., & Sohail, A. (2023). Assessment of Olympic performance in relation to economic, demographic, geographic, and social factors: quantile and Tobit approaches. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 36(1).
  • Song, C., & Ranelli, E. (2008). Reading the major economic indicators to examine the impact of the Olympic Games on Beijing's economy. Journal of Business Issues, 1, 37-55.
  • Song, W. (2010). Impacts of Olympics on exports and tourism. Journal of economic development, 35(4), 93.
  • Tibshirani, R. (1996). Regression shrinkage and selection via the Lasso. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 58(1), 267-288.
  • Türkiye Milli Olimpiyat Komitesi, https://olimpiyat.org.tr/
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Econometric and Statistical Methods, Panel Data Analysis
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ferda Yerdelen Tatoğlu 0000-0002-7365-3649

Hasan Gül 0000-0002-3661-0578

Early Pub Date May 30, 2025
Publication Date May 30, 2025
Submission Date May 14, 2025
Acceptance Date May 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 25 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F., & Gül, H. (2025). Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 25(1), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1698998
AMA Yerdelen Tatoğlu F, Gül H. Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi. May 2025;25(1):60-69. doi:10.25294/auiibfd.1698998
Chicago Yerdelen Tatoğlu, Ferda, and Hasan Gül. “Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik Ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi”. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi 25, no. 1 (May 2025): 60-69. https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1698998.
EndNote Yerdelen Tatoğlu F, Gül H (May 1, 2025) Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi 25 1 60–69.
IEEE F. Yerdelen Tatoğlu and H. Gül, “Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi”, Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 60–69, 2025, doi: 10.25294/auiibfd.1698998.
ISNAD Yerdelen Tatoğlu, Ferda - Gül, Hasan. “Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik Ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi”. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi 25/1 (May2025), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1698998.
JAMA Yerdelen Tatoğlu F, Gül H. Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi. 2025;25:60–69.
MLA Yerdelen Tatoğlu, Ferda and Hasan Gül. “Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik Ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi”. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, vol. 25, no. 1, 2025, pp. 60-69, doi:10.25294/auiibfd.1698998.
Vancouver Yerdelen Tatoğlu F, Gül H. Olimpiyata Katılımının Belirleyicileri: Ekonomik, Demografik ve Kurumsal Dinamiklerin Analizi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi. 2025;25(1):60-9.