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Okul Yöneticilerinin İnisiyatif Alma Düzeyleri ile Problem Çözme Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 185 - 201, 10.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.834231

Abstract

Bu araştırma, okul yöneticilerinin inisiyatif alma düzeyleri ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma betimleyici ilişkisel tarama desenindedir. Örneklem, Orta Karadeniz’de bir ilde bulunan 282 okulöncesi, ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise yöneticisinden oluşmaktadır. Veriler Okul Müdürlerinde Kişisel İnisiyatif Ölçme Aracı ve Problem Çözme Envanteri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon katsayıları ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları aceleci ve kaçıngan problem çözme yaklaşımları ile inisiyatif almanın tüm alt boyutları arasında anlamlı negatif ilişki olduğunu gösterirken, bu ilişkilerin düşünen, kendine güvenli, değerlendirici ve planlı yaklaşımlarda anlamlı ve pozitif olduğu saptanmıştır. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonuçları okul yöneticilerinin inisiyatif almalarının göreli en önemli yordayıcısının kendine güvenli problem çözme yaklaşımı olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, araştırma okul yöneticilerinin etkili problem çözme becerilerinin desteklenmesinin inisiyatif alma düzeylerini arttıracağını ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Ağcayazı Altuntaş, E. (2008). Okul yöneticilerinin düşünme stilleri ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between thinking styles and problem solving ability of school administrators]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Institute of Social Sciences, Tokat.
  • Akın Kösterelioğlu, M. (2007). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerileri ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki [Relation between the levels of problem solving skills and burnout of school administrators]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Abant İzzet Baysal University Institute of Social Sciences, Bolu.
  • Akın, U. (2012). Kamu ilköğretim okulu müdürlerinin kişisel inisiyatif alma durumları ve öz-yeterlikleriyle ilişkisi [Public elementary school principals’ taking personal initiative and its relation with their self-efficacy]. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ankara University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Akın, U. (2014). Okul müdürlerinin inisiyatif alma düzeyleri ile öz-yeterlikleri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between principals’ ınitiative taking levels and self-efficacy]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi. 20(2), 125–149. Akın, U. (2016). Innovation efforts in education and school administration: Views of Turkish school administrators. Euroasian Journal of Educational Research, 63, 243-260.
  • Akın, U. (2019). Örgüt ve yönetimde inisiyatif alma [Initiative taking in organization and administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Allison, D. J. & Allison, P. A. (1993). Both ends of a telescope: Experience and expertise in principal problem solving. Educational Administration Quarterly, 29(3), 302-322.
  • Balcı, A. (2014). Etkili okul, okul geliştirme: kuram uygulama ve araştırma [Effective school, school development: theory, practice, and research]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
  • Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The pro-active component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 103–118.
  • Bozkulak, P. B. (2010). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerileri ve kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between problem solving abilities and anxiety levels of school managers]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Maltepe University Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Buluç, B., Sulak, S. E., & Serin, M. K. (2011). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerilerine ilişkin algıları [The perception of primary school administrator related to problem solving skills]. Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(2), 605-618.
  • Bursalıoğlu, Z. (2019). Okul yönetiminde yeni yapı ve davranış [New structure and behaviour in school administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Cereci, C. (2018). Okul yöneticilerinin mevzuatta olmasa bile fazladan yüklenmek durumunda kaldığı sorumluluklar [Additional responsibilities have to undertake by school administrators, even if not in the legislation]. Çağdaş Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 119-127.
  • Cereci, C. (2019). Okul yöneticilerinin mevzuattan kaynaklanan sorumluluklarına ek olarak sahip olmaları gerektiğini düşündükleri sorumluluklar [Responsibilities which school administrators wish to have in addition their responsibilities in terms of legislation]. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitim ve Toplum, 8(22), 109-123.
  • Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 26, 435–462.
  • Çalışır, M. (2008). Mamak ilçesi ilköğretim okulu yöneticilerinin görüşlerine göre okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları yetki türü ve düzeyleri [The opinions of elementary school administrators’ in Mamak district related to school principals of the type of authority and levels] (Unpublished master’s thesis). Ankara University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Çokluk, Ö, Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik [Multivariate statistics for social sciences]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Demir, H., & Arslan, E. T. (2018). The relationship between organizational trust and personal initiative: The case of healthcare professionals. Hacettepe Journal of Health Administration, 21(1), 103-125.
  • Erdoğmuş, N. (2004). İlköğretim yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerilerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi (Konya örneği) [Research of primary school administrators' problem solving skills according to several variables (Konya sample)]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Selçuk University Institute of Social Sciences, Konya.
  • Esen, U. (2012). Okul yöneticilerinin yönetici kaygı düzeyleri ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [Relationship between administrator anxiety levels of school administrator and problem solving skills]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Ahi Evran University Institute of Social Sciences, Kırşehir.
  • Eves, S. (2008). Okul yöneticilerinin iş doyumları ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between the job satisfaction and problem solving skills of school administrators]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Institute of Social Sciences, Tokat.
  • Fay, D. & Frese, M. (2001). The concept of personal initiative: An overview of validity studies. Human Performance, 14(1), 97-124.
  • Ferrazi, K. & Raz, T. (2017). Asla yalnız yeme - Başarıyla başarısızlık arasındaki ince çizgi: İlişkinin gücü [Never eat alone: And other secrets to success, one relationship at a time] (Trans. L. Göktem).İstanbul: Mediacat. (original book pubished at 2005).
  • Frese, M. & Fay, D. (2001). Personal initiative (PI): An active performance concept for work in the 21st century. Research in Organizational Behavior, 23, 133-187.
  • Frese, M., Fay, D.,Hilburger, T., Leng, K., & Tag, A. (1997). The concept of personal initiative: operationalization, reliability and validity in two German samples. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70, 139-161.
  • Frese, M., Garst, H., & Fay, D. (2007). Making things happen: Reciprocal relationships between work characteristics and personal initiative in a four-wave longitudinal structural equation model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92 (4), 1084-1112.
  • Glaub, M. E. (2009). Training personal initiative to business owners in developing countries: A theoretical derived intervention and its evaluation. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
  • Güçlü, N. (2003). Lise müdürlerinin problem çözme becerileri [Problem solving skills of high school principals]. Milli Eğitim, 160, Retrieved from http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/Milli_Egitim_Dergisi/160/guclu.htm on 14.04.2020.
  • Heppner, P. P. (1988). Problem solving inventory (PSI): Research manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Hong, Y., Liao, H., Raub, S., & Han, J. H. (2016). What it takes to get proactive: An integrative multi-level model of the antecedents of personal initiative. Journal of applied psychology, 101(5), 687–701.
  • Hoy, W. K. & Miskel, C. G. (2013). Educational administration: Theory, research and practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Izgar, H., Gürsel, M., Kesici, Ş, & Negiş, A. (2004, July). Önder davranışlarının problem çözme becerisine etkisi [Effects of leader behaviors on problem solving]. Paper presented at the 13th National Educational Sciences Congress, Malatya.
  • Kruger, L. J. (1997). Social support and self-efficiency in problem solving among teacher assistance teams and school staff. Journal of Educational Research, 90(3), 164-168.
  • Nayır, F., & Taşkın, P. (2017). Eğitim örgütlerinde örgütsel destek algısı ile inisiyatif alma davranışı arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between perceived organizational support and taking initiative behavior in educational organizations]. YYÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(1), 1319-1356.
  • Özdemir, S. (Editor). (2013). Eğitim yönetiminde kuram ve uygulama [Theory and practice in educational administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Ponton, M. K. (1999). The measurement of an adult’s intention to exhibit personal initiative in autonomous learning. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The George Washington University, USA.
  • Raesisi, S. & Noor Mohammadian, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between personal initiative and religious orientation with job performance among the first and second grade primary school’s teachers of Nikshahr city. Journal of Administrative Management, Education and Training, 12(3), 517-525.
  • Rank, J. (2006). Leadership predictors of proactive organizational behavior: Facilitating personal initiative, voice behavior, and exceptional service performance. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, USA.
  • Redfern, S., Coster, S., Evans, A., & Dewe, P. (2010). An exploration of personal initiative theory in the role of consultant nurses. Journal of Research in Nursing, 15(5), 435–453.
  • Rooks, G., Sserwanga, A., & Frese, M. (2016). Unpacking the personal initiative–performance relationship: A multi-group analysis of innovation by Ugandan rural and urban entrepreneurs. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 65(1), 99–131.
  • Samancı, B. (2018). Okul yöneticilerinin karar verme ile problem çözme yaklaşımları arasında ilişkisel ve karşılaştırmalı çözümlemeler: Ankara il örneği [A correlational and comparative analysis between the decision making and problem solving approaches of school administrators: An example from Ankara province]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Bahçeşehir University Institute of Educational Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Crant, J. M. (2001). What do proactive people do? A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success. Personnel Psychology, 54(4), 845-874.
  • Sevil, E., & Bülbül, T. (2019). Okul yöneticilerinin benlik saygısı düzeyleri ile kişisel inisiyatif alma durumları arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between self-esteem levels of school managers and taking personal initiative]. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(3), 700-719.
  • Starzyk, A. & Sonnentag, S. (2019). When do low-initiative employees feel responsible for change and speak up to managers? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103342
  • Şahin, N., Şahin, N. H., & Heppner, P. P. (1993). The psychometric properties of the problem solving inventory. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 17(4), 379-396.
  • Şişman, M. (2004). Öğretim liderliği [Instructional leadership]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Şişman, M., Açıkalın, A., & Turan, S. (2018). Bir insan olarak okul müdürü [School principal as a human]. Ankara: Pegem A.
  • Tan, G. (2016). Okul yöneticilerinin çatışma yönetme stilleri ve problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between the school administrators' conflict management styles and problem solvi̇ng]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Yeditepe University Institute of Educational Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Taymaz, H. (2019). Okul yönetimi [School administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Ülger, Ö. E. (2003). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerilerinin liderlik davranışlarıyla ilişkisi [The relationship between leadership behaviours and problem solving abilities of school managers]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Beykent University Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Üstün, A. & Bozkurt, E. (2003). İlköğretim okulu müdürlerinin kendilerini algılayışlarına göre problem çözme becerilerini etkileyen bazı mesleki faktörler [Some professional factors that affect the problem solving skills of primary school principals according to their perception of themselves]. Kastamonu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 13-20.
  • Wikhamn, W. & Selart, M. (2019). Empowerment and initiative: The mediating role of obligation. Employee Relations, 41(4), 662-677.
  • Yerli, S. (2009). İlk ve orta öğretim okullarındaki yöneticilerin duygusal zeka ve problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between primary and secondary school administrator’s emotional intelligence and problem solving skills]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Maltepe University Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul.

The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 185 - 201, 10.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.834231

Abstract

This research aims to examine the relationship between initiative taking levels and problem solving skills of school administrators. The research was designed as a descriptive relational survey. The sample consists of 282 preschool, primary, secondary and high school administrators working in public schools from a central Black Sea Region province of Turkey. Data were collected through the Personal Initiative Measurement Tool for School Principals and the Problem Solving Inventory. Relationships were tested through Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. Results indicated that there were negative significant relationships between the impulsive and avoidant problem solving styles and all sub-dimensions of taking initiative, while the relationships were significant and positive for reflective style, problem solving confidence, monitoring, and planfulness. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the most powerful predictor of school administrators’ taking initiative was the problem solving confidence. It was concluded that supporting school principals for effective problem solving skills may increase their level of taking initiative.

References

  • Ağcayazı Altuntaş, E. (2008). Okul yöneticilerinin düşünme stilleri ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between thinking styles and problem solving ability of school administrators]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Institute of Social Sciences, Tokat.
  • Akın Kösterelioğlu, M. (2007). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerileri ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki [Relation between the levels of problem solving skills and burnout of school administrators]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Abant İzzet Baysal University Institute of Social Sciences, Bolu.
  • Akın, U. (2012). Kamu ilköğretim okulu müdürlerinin kişisel inisiyatif alma durumları ve öz-yeterlikleriyle ilişkisi [Public elementary school principals’ taking personal initiative and its relation with their self-efficacy]. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ankara University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Akın, U. (2014). Okul müdürlerinin inisiyatif alma düzeyleri ile öz-yeterlikleri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between principals’ ınitiative taking levels and self-efficacy]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi. 20(2), 125–149. Akın, U. (2016). Innovation efforts in education and school administration: Views of Turkish school administrators. Euroasian Journal of Educational Research, 63, 243-260.
  • Akın, U. (2019). Örgüt ve yönetimde inisiyatif alma [Initiative taking in organization and administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Allison, D. J. & Allison, P. A. (1993). Both ends of a telescope: Experience and expertise in principal problem solving. Educational Administration Quarterly, 29(3), 302-322.
  • Balcı, A. (2014). Etkili okul, okul geliştirme: kuram uygulama ve araştırma [Effective school, school development: theory, practice, and research]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
  • Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The pro-active component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 103–118.
  • Bozkulak, P. B. (2010). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerileri ve kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between problem solving abilities and anxiety levels of school managers]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Maltepe University Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Buluç, B., Sulak, S. E., & Serin, M. K. (2011). Okul yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerilerine ilişkin algıları [The perception of primary school administrator related to problem solving skills]. Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(2), 605-618.
  • Bursalıoğlu, Z. (2019). Okul yönetiminde yeni yapı ve davranış [New structure and behaviour in school administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Cereci, C. (2018). Okul yöneticilerinin mevzuatta olmasa bile fazladan yüklenmek durumunda kaldığı sorumluluklar [Additional responsibilities have to undertake by school administrators, even if not in the legislation]. Çağdaş Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 119-127.
  • Cereci, C. (2019). Okul yöneticilerinin mevzuattan kaynaklanan sorumluluklarına ek olarak sahip olmaları gerektiğini düşündükleri sorumluluklar [Responsibilities which school administrators wish to have in addition their responsibilities in terms of legislation]. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitim ve Toplum, 8(22), 109-123.
  • Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 26, 435–462.
  • Çalışır, M. (2008). Mamak ilçesi ilköğretim okulu yöneticilerinin görüşlerine göre okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları yetki türü ve düzeyleri [The opinions of elementary school administrators’ in Mamak district related to school principals of the type of authority and levels] (Unpublished master’s thesis). Ankara University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Çokluk, Ö, Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik [Multivariate statistics for social sciences]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Demir, H., & Arslan, E. T. (2018). The relationship between organizational trust and personal initiative: The case of healthcare professionals. Hacettepe Journal of Health Administration, 21(1), 103-125.
  • Erdoğmuş, N. (2004). İlköğretim yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerilerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi (Konya örneği) [Research of primary school administrators' problem solving skills according to several variables (Konya sample)]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Selçuk University Institute of Social Sciences, Konya.
  • Esen, U. (2012). Okul yöneticilerinin yönetici kaygı düzeyleri ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [Relationship between administrator anxiety levels of school administrator and problem solving skills]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Ahi Evran University Institute of Social Sciences, Kırşehir.
  • Eves, S. (2008). Okul yöneticilerinin iş doyumları ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between the job satisfaction and problem solving skills of school administrators]. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Institute of Social Sciences, Tokat.
  • Fay, D. & Frese, M. (2001). The concept of personal initiative: An overview of validity studies. Human Performance, 14(1), 97-124.
  • Ferrazi, K. & Raz, T. (2017). Asla yalnız yeme - Başarıyla başarısızlık arasındaki ince çizgi: İlişkinin gücü [Never eat alone: And other secrets to success, one relationship at a time] (Trans. L. Göktem).İstanbul: Mediacat. (original book pubished at 2005).
  • Frese, M. & Fay, D. (2001). Personal initiative (PI): An active performance concept for work in the 21st century. Research in Organizational Behavior, 23, 133-187.
  • Frese, M., Fay, D.,Hilburger, T., Leng, K., & Tag, A. (1997). The concept of personal initiative: operationalization, reliability and validity in two German samples. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70, 139-161.
  • Frese, M., Garst, H., & Fay, D. (2007). Making things happen: Reciprocal relationships between work characteristics and personal initiative in a four-wave longitudinal structural equation model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92 (4), 1084-1112.
  • Glaub, M. E. (2009). Training personal initiative to business owners in developing countries: A theoretical derived intervention and its evaluation. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
  • Güçlü, N. (2003). Lise müdürlerinin problem çözme becerileri [Problem solving skills of high school principals]. Milli Eğitim, 160, Retrieved from http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/Milli_Egitim_Dergisi/160/guclu.htm on 14.04.2020.
  • Heppner, P. P. (1988). Problem solving inventory (PSI): Research manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Hong, Y., Liao, H., Raub, S., & Han, J. H. (2016). What it takes to get proactive: An integrative multi-level model of the antecedents of personal initiative. Journal of applied psychology, 101(5), 687–701.
  • Hoy, W. K. & Miskel, C. G. (2013). Educational administration: Theory, research and practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Izgar, H., Gürsel, M., Kesici, Ş, & Negiş, A. (2004, July). Önder davranışlarının problem çözme becerisine etkisi [Effects of leader behaviors on problem solving]. Paper presented at the 13th National Educational Sciences Congress, Malatya.
  • Kruger, L. J. (1997). Social support and self-efficiency in problem solving among teacher assistance teams and school staff. Journal of Educational Research, 90(3), 164-168.
  • Nayır, F., & Taşkın, P. (2017). Eğitim örgütlerinde örgütsel destek algısı ile inisiyatif alma davranışı arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between perceived organizational support and taking initiative behavior in educational organizations]. YYÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(1), 1319-1356.
  • Özdemir, S. (Editor). (2013). Eğitim yönetiminde kuram ve uygulama [Theory and practice in educational administration]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Ponton, M. K. (1999). The measurement of an adult’s intention to exhibit personal initiative in autonomous learning. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The George Washington University, USA.
  • Raesisi, S. & Noor Mohammadian, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between personal initiative and religious orientation with job performance among the first and second grade primary school’s teachers of Nikshahr city. Journal of Administrative Management, Education and Training, 12(3), 517-525.
  • Rank, J. (2006). Leadership predictors of proactive organizational behavior: Facilitating personal initiative, voice behavior, and exceptional service performance. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, USA.
  • Redfern, S., Coster, S., Evans, A., & Dewe, P. (2010). An exploration of personal initiative theory in the role of consultant nurses. Journal of Research in Nursing, 15(5), 435–453.
  • Rooks, G., Sserwanga, A., & Frese, M. (2016). Unpacking the personal initiative–performance relationship: A multi-group analysis of innovation by Ugandan rural and urban entrepreneurs. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 65(1), 99–131.
  • Samancı, B. (2018). Okul yöneticilerinin karar verme ile problem çözme yaklaşımları arasında ilişkisel ve karşılaştırmalı çözümlemeler: Ankara il örneği [A correlational and comparative analysis between the decision making and problem solving approaches of school administrators: An example from Ankara province]. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Bahçeşehir University Institute of Educational Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Crant, J. M. (2001). What do proactive people do? A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success. Personnel Psychology, 54(4), 845-874.
  • Sevil, E., & Bülbül, T. (2019). Okul yöneticilerinin benlik saygısı düzeyleri ile kişisel inisiyatif alma durumları arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between self-esteem levels of school managers and taking personal initiative]. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(3), 700-719.
  • Starzyk, A. & Sonnentag, S. (2019). When do low-initiative employees feel responsible for change and speak up to managers? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103342
  • Şahin, N., Şahin, N. H., & Heppner, P. P. (1993). The psychometric properties of the problem solving inventory. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 17(4), 379-396.
  • Şişman, M. (2004). Öğretim liderliği [Instructional leadership]. Ankara: Pegem.
  • Şişman, M., Açıkalın, A., & Turan, S. (2018). Bir insan olarak okul müdürü [School principal as a human]. Ankara: Pegem A.
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tarık Tekin 0000-0002-2209-7048

Uğur Akın 0000-0002-4911-3781

Publication Date April 10, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tekin, T., & Akın, U. (2021). The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 185-201. https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.834231
AMA Tekin T, Akın U. The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. April 2021;5(2):185-201. doi:10.34056/aujef.834231
Chicago Tekin, Tarık, and Uğur Akın. “The Relationship Between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators”. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 5, no. 2 (April 2021): 185-201. https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.834231.
EndNote Tekin T, Akın U (April 1, 2021) The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 5 2 185–201.
IEEE T. Tekin and U. Akın, “The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators”, Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 185–201, 2021, doi: 10.34056/aujef.834231.
ISNAD Tekin, Tarık - Akın, Uğur. “The Relationship Between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators”. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 5/2 (April 2021), 185-201. https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.834231.
JAMA Tekin T, Akın U. The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;5:185–201.
MLA Tekin, Tarık and Uğur Akın. “The Relationship Between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators”. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 2, 2021, pp. 185-01, doi:10.34056/aujef.834231.
Vancouver Tekin T, Akın U. The Relationship between Initiative Taking Levels and Problem Solving Skills of School Administrators. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;5(2):185-201.

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