Pandemi ve Küresel Hegemonya: Rol Teorisi Düzleminde Çin Sağlık Diplomasisi’nin Rolü

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 1377 - 1404, 23.12.2024

İsmail E. Aydın

https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1447943

Öz

Bu çalışma, Rol Teorisi çerçevesinde Çin’in pandemide üstlendiği roller ile “devrimci lider” rol tipolojisi bağlamında hegemonya adayı olarak tarih sahnesine çıkmış mıdır sorusunu cevaplamayı amaçlamaktadır. Nihai olarak, Çin’in küresel ölçekte ortaya koyduğu irade etrafında şekillenen, 20. yüzyıl ve 21. yüzyılın ilk 20 yılının hegemonu olan ABD ile kurulan ilişkiler ve liderlik mücadelesi çerçevesinde, Çin’in üstlendiği rolün maske, sağlık ekipmanları ve son olarak aşılar üzerinden vuku bulan ve literatürde ‘sağlık diplomasisi’ ya da ‘aşı diplomasisi’ olarak tartışılan kavramların analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Öncelikle Rol Teorisi ve Sağlık Diplomasisi literatürü ile ilgili kısa bir giriş yapılacak, akabinde merkezinde Çin’in uygulamaları olacak şekilde ‘sağlık diplomasisi’ tartışmaları anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Ardından, tek kutuplu dünyanın hegemonu olan ABD’nin pandemiyle ortaya çıkan siyasal atmosferdeki durumu ele alınarak, ampirik veriler ve literatür ışığında pandeminin küreselleşmenin ikinci evresini getirme ve hegemonu değiştirme potansiyeline dair tartışmalar ortaya koyulmaya çalışılacaktır. Çalışma metodolojik olarak nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve çalışmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin, Aşı Diplomasisi, Covid-19, Pandemi, Küresel Hegemonya, Rol Teorisi

Pandemic and Global Hegemony: The Role of Chinese Health Diplomacy in Role Theory

Öz

This study aims to answer the question of whether China has appeared on the stage of history as a candidate for hegemony in the context of the role typology of "revolutionary leader" with the roles it has assumed in the pandemic within the framework of Role Theory. Finally, within the framework of the relations and leadership struggle with the US, the hegemon of the 20th century and the first 20 years of the 21st century, which is shaped around China's will on a global scale, it is aimed to analyse the concepts discussed in the literature as 'health diplomacy' or 'vaccine diplomacy', which occur through masks, health equipment and finally vaccines. Firstly, a brief introduction to Role Theory and Health Diplomacy literature will be made, and then the 'health diplomacy' debates will be tried to be understood with China's practices at the centre. Then, the situation of the USA, the hegemon of the unipolar world, in the political atmosphere that emerged with the pandemic, will be discussed, and in the light of empirical data and literature, discussions on the potential of the pandemic to bring the second phase of globalisation and change the hegemon will be tried to be put forward. The study is methodologically designed as a qualitative research and document analysis method is used in the study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

China, Vaccine Diplomacy, Covid-19, Pandemic, Global Hegemony, Role Theory

Kaynakça

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