Michel Foucault’da İktidar–Disiplin İlişkisi ve Zamansallaştırma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 1793 - 1814, 23.12.2024

Ejder Çelik , Emine Babaoğlan

https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1524419

Öz

İnsan deneyimi sosyal süreçler ve dinamiklerle şekillenir, bu da toplumsal değişim, kimlikler ve öznellik ifadeleri üzerinde etkili olur. Toplumların zamanı kavrama ve deneyimleme biçimleri de bu ilişkilerle yorumlanabilir. Bu anlamda zaman toplumların onu kavrama ve kullanma biçimlerine göre farklılaşması durumu zamansallığı ortaya çıkarır. Zamansallaştırma (temporalization) sosyal sistemde önemli bir kavramdır ve iktidar ile toplum arasındaki ilişkiyi etkiler. Özellikle Avrupa sömürgeciliği döneminde zamansallaştırma, yerlilerin boyunduruk altına alınmasında direnişi kırmak için araç olarak kullanılmıştır. Michel Foucault’nun çalışmaları, modern toplumlarda iktidarın bilgi, gözetim ve normlar aracılığıyla işlediğini savunur ve zamansallaştırma kavramı bu bağlamda merkezi bir rol oynar. Foucault'ya göre, zamanın iktidar tarafından düzenlenmesi, bireylerin davranışlarını ve düşüncelerini denetlemek için kullanılır. Zamansallaştırma bireylerin özgürlüğünü sınırlar, yabancılaşma ve güçsüzlük hissi oluşturur. Foucault, modern toplumlarda zamansallığın bireyler üzerindeki etkilerini analiz ederek, zamanın disiplin ve kontrol aracı olarak nasıl kullanıldığını göstermiştir. Foucault açısından modernite ile birlikte zamanın yönetilmesi, bireylerin disipline edilmesi ve toplumsal ritimlerin kontrolü bakımından önem kazanmıştır. Bu süreçte teknolojik gelişmeler de zamansal disiplini artırmış ve zamanın yönetimi iktidarın bir aracı haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada Focault’nun iktidar-disiplin ilişkisi içerisinde zamansallık görüşleri ve zaman üzerine ortaya konmuş sosyolojik ve felsefi düşünceler içerisindeki yeri ele alınmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zamansallaşma, Zaman, Sosyal Zaman, Rutin, Zaman Yönetimi

Etik Beyan

Çalışma etik kurul izni gerektirmemektedir.

Temporalization in Terms of the Power-Discipline Relationship in Michel Foucault's Approach

Öz

Human experience is shaped by social processes and dynamics, influencing social change, identities, and expressions of subjectivity. The ways societies perceive and experience time can also be interpreted through these relationships. Temporalization is a significant concept in the social system, impacting the relationship between power and society. Notably, during the period of European colonialism, temporalization was used as a tool both to subjugate and manage indigenous populations and as a means of resistance by the colonized. Michel Foucault’s work argues that in modern societies, power operates not only through coercion but also through knowledge, surveillance, and norms, with temporalization playing a central role in this context. According to Foucault, the regulation of time by power structures is used to control and discipline individuals' behaviors and thoughts. Temporalization restricts individuals' freedom, leading to feelings of alienation and powerlessness. By analyzing the impact of temporalization on individuals in modern societies, Foucault demonstrates how time is utilized as a tool of discipline and control. In Foucault's view, the management of time, alongside the disciplining of individuals and the control of social rhythms, becomes increasingly important with modernity. Technological advancements further enhance temporal discipline, making the management of time a crucial instrument of power. This study aims to explore Foucault’s perspectives on temporalization within the power-discipline relationship and its place within sociological and philosophical discussions on time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Temporalization, Time, Social Time, Routine, Time Management

Kaynakça

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