ÇİN’İN TEDRİCİ REVİZYONİZMİ: LİBERAL DÜNYA DÜZENİNİN NORMATİF VE KURUMSAL DÖNÜŞÜMÜ

Abstract

Bu çalışma, İkinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra kurulan liberal uluslararası düzen içinde Çin'in stratejik yönelimini irdelemektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel sorunsalı, Çin’in statükoyu koruyan bir güç mü yoksa mevcut dünya düzenini dönüştürmeyi hedefleyen revizyonist bir aktör mü olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğidir. Dünya düzeni ve revizyonizm alanyazınından yararlanan makale, Çin'in dış politika söylemini, çok-taraflı kurumlarla etkileşimini ve küresel girişimlerini nitel içerik analizi ve karşılaştırmalı kurumsal analiz yoluyla incelemektedir. Bulgular, Çin'in liberal düzenin yıkmayı amaçlayan revizyonist bir strateji izlemediğini göstermektedir. Bunun yerine, mevcut kurumlar içindeki temsilini ve etkisini genişletmeyi ve aynı zamanda ulusal egemenlik, içişlerine müdahale etmeme ve kalkınma merkezli alternatif çok-taraflı platformları ve normatif öncelikleri teşvik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Makale, Çin'in yaklaşımının geleneksel statüko-revizyonist ikilemine yeterince uymadığını savunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, Çin'in stratejisini, askeri çatışma veya sistemik kopma yoluyla değil, içeriden dünya düzeninin normatif ve kurumsal yapısını yeniden şekillendirme girişimi olarak tanımlanan "tedrici revizyonizm" olarak kavramsallaştırmaktadır.

Keywords

• Çin dış politikası
• çoğulcu uluslararası toplum
• dünya düzeni
• revizyonizm
• tedrici revizyonizm

China's Gradual Revisionism: The Normative and Institutional Transformation of the Liberal World Order

Abstract

This study examines China’s strategic orientation within the liberal international order established after the Second World War. It asks whether China should be understood as a status quo power or as a revisionist actor seeking to transform the existing international order. Drawing on the literature on world order and revisionism, the article analyzes China’s foreign policy discourse, its engagement with multilateral institutions, and its global initiatives through qualitative content analysis and comparative institutional analysis. The findings indicate that China is not pursuing a revisionist strategy aimed at overturning the liberal order. Rather, Beijing seeks to expand its representation and influence within existing institutions while simultaneously promoting alternative multilateral platforms and normative priorities centered on national sovereignty, non-interference in domestic affairs, and development. The article argues that China’s approach does not fit neatly within the conventional status quo–revisionist dichotomy. It therefore conceptualizes China’s strategy as “gradual revisionism,” defined as an attempt to reshape the normative and institutional structures of the world order from within, rather than through military confrontation or systemic rupture.

Keywords

• Chinese foreign policy
• pluralistic international community
• world order
• revisionism
• gradual revisonism

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