ROL ÖTESİ OLUMLU DAVRANIŞLAR KİŞİSEL VE TUTUMSAL FAKTÖRLERLE ÖNGÖRÜLEBİLİR Mİ?

Year 2010, , 41 - 66, 01.04.2010

Fatih Çetin Ali Fıkırkoca

https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002183

Cited By: 13

Abstract

Keywords

-

ROL ÖTESİ OLUMLU DAVRANIŞLAR KİŞİSEL VE TUTUMSAL FAKTÖRLERLE ÖNGÖRÜLEBİLİR Mİ?

Abstract

Örgütsel bağlamda çalışanlar rollerinin ötesinde olumlu veya olumsuz birçok davranış biçimleri sergilemektedirler. Bu davranışlardan örgütsel başarı ve performans açısından önemli görülen vatandaşlık davranışları, rol ötesi olumlu davranışlardandır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, vatandaşlık davranışlarının açıklanmasında kişisel ve tutumsal faktörlerin etkilerinin bir yapısal eşitlik modeli çerçevesinde araştırılmasıdır. Bu kapsamda özel bir bankanın çalışanlarından oluşan toplam 327 kişilik örneklemden anket yöntemi kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi tekniğiyle Amos 16.0 istatistik programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları boyutlarından diğergamlık, vicdanlılık, nezaket, centilmenlik ve sivil erdem davranışlarının açıklanmasında öz yeterlilik ve iş tatmini değişkenlerinin önemli rolleri olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca tüm vatandaşlık davranışları ile öz yeterlilik değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilere iş tatmininin aracılık ettiği görülmüştür. Sonuçta rol ötesi olumlu davranışlarının öngörülmesinde, öz yeterlilik gibi kişisel bir faktör ile iş tatmini gibi tutumsal bir faktörün bağımsız etkileriyle birlikte, iş tatmininin bu süreçteki aracılık rolleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Keywords

Örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları, iş tatmini, öz yeterlilik, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi, Aracılık rolü

References

• Ackroyd, S., R. Batt, P. Thompson ve P. Tolbert (2005), “Text and Times,” The Oxford Handbook of Work and Organization (Oxford University Press).
• Ahearne, M.J. (2000), An Examination of the Effects of Leadership Empowerment Behaviors and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors on Sales Team Performance (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi) (Bloomington: Indiana University).
• Avey, J. B., F. Luthans ve C. M. Youssef (2009), “The Additive Value of Positive Psychological Capital in Predicting Work Attitudes and Behaviors,” Journal of Management, 20 (10): 1-23.
• Bandura, A. (1977), “Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change,” Psychological Review, 84: 191-215.
• Bandura, A. (1995), Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press).
• Barksdale, K. ve J .M. Werner (2001), “Managerial Ratings of In-Role Behaviors, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Overall Performance: Testing Different Models of Their Relationship,” Journal of Business Research, 51: 145-155.
• Barnard, C. (1938), The Functions of the Executive (Cambridge: Harvard University Press).
• Baron, R .M. ve D. A. Kenny (1986), “The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6): 1173-1182.
• Basım, H. N. ve H. Şeşen (2006), “Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Ölçeği ve Karşılaştırma Çalışması,” Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 61 (4): 83-101.
• Basım, H. N. ve H. Korkmazyürek, H. ve A. O. Tokat (2008), “Çalışanların Öz Yeterlilik Algılamasının Yenilikçilik ve Risk Alma Üzerine Etkisi: Kamu Sektöründe Bir Araştırma,” Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19: 121-130.
• Basım, H.N. ve H. Şeşen (2009), “Örgütsel Adalet Algısı-Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisinde İş Tatmininin Aracılık Rolü,” 17 nci Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı.
• Bateman, T.S. ve D.W. Organ (1983), “Job Satisfaction and Good Soldier: The Relationship Between Affect and Employee Citizenship,” Academy of Management Journal, 26 (4): 587-595.
• Becker, T.E. ve R. J. Vance (1993), “Construct Validity of Three Types of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Illustration of the Direct Product Model with Refinements,” Journal of Management, 19 (3): 663-682.
• Bogler, R. ve A. Somech (2004), “Influence of Teacher Empowerment on Teacher's Organizational Commitment, Professional Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Schools,” Teaching and Teacher Education, 20: 277-289.
• Borman, W.C., ve S.J. Motowidlo (1993), “Expanding the Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance,” N. Schmitt ve W. C. Borman (ed.), Personnel Selection in Organizations(San Francisco: Jossey-Bass): 71-98.
• Byrne, B.M., (2001), Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (Mahwah, NJ: LEA, London).
• Collinson, P. ve S. Ackroyd (2005), Resistance, Misbehavior and Dissent, Ackroyd, S., R. Batt, P. Thompson ve P.Tolbert (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Work and Organization (Oxford University Press).
• Deluga, R.J., (1995), “The Relation Between Trust in the Supervisor and Subordinate Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Military Psychology, 7 (1): 1-16.
• Dovidio, J.F., J. A. Piliavin, S.L. Gaertner, D.A. Schroeder ve R.D. Clark (1991), “The Arousal Cost-reward Model and the Process of Intervention: A Review of the Evidence,” M. S. Clark (ed.), Prosocial Behavior, Newbury Park (CA: Sage): 86-118.
• Dussault, M., (2006), “Teachers' Self-efficacy and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors,” Psychological Reports, 98 (2): 427-432.
• Fassina, N.E, D.A Jones ve K.L. Uggerslev (2008), “Relationship Clean-Up Time: Using MetaAnalysis and Path Analysis to Clarify Relationships Among Job Satisfaction, Perceived Fairness, and Citizenship Behaviors,” Journal of Management, 34 (2): 161-188.
• Fisher, C.D. ve E.A. Locke (1992), “The New Book in Satisfaction Research And Theory,” C.J. Smith ve E.F. Stone (Editör) Job Satisfaction: How People Feel about Their Jobs and How it Affects their Performance (Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath):165-194.
• Fox, S., ve P.E. Spector (2005), Counterproductive Work Behavior: Investigations of Actors and Targets (Washington DC: APA Press).
• George, J. M. ve A. P. Brief (1992), “Feeling Good-Doing Good: A Conceptual Analysis of the Mood at Work–Organizational Spontaneity Relationship,” Psychological Bulletin, 112: 310- 329.
• George, J. M. ve G. R Jones (1997), “Organizational Spontaneity in Context,” Human Performance, 10: 153-170.
• George, J .M., (1991), “State or trait: Effects of Positive Mood on Prosocial Behaviors at Work,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 76: 299-307.
• Graham, J. W., (1991), “An essay on Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 4: 249-270.
• Greenberg, J. ve R .A. Baron (2000), Behavior in Organizations (New Jersey:Prentice Hall Seventh Edition).
• Hackman, R. ve G.R. Oldham (1975), “Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 60 (2): 159-170.
• Jerusalem, M., ve R. Schwarzer (1981), “Self-Efficacy as Resource Theory in Stress Appraisal Process,” Schwarzer, R.(Ed.), Self-Efficacy: Thought Control of Action (Washington DC: Hemisphere): 195-213.
• Jex, S.M., G.A Adams, D.G. Bachrach ve S. Sorenson (2003), “The Impact of Situational Constraints, Role Stressors, and Commitment on Employee Altruism,” Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8 (3): 171-180.
• Judge, T.A., C.J. Thoresen, J.E. Bono ve G.K. Patton (2001), “The Job Satisfaction-Job Performance Relationship: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review,” Psychological Bulletin, 127: 376-407.
• Karylowski, J. (1971), “Explaining Altruistic Behavior: A Review,” Polish Psychological Bulletin, 8: 87-97.
• Katz, D. (1964), “The Motivational Basis of Organizational Behavior,” Behavioral Science, 9: 131- 146.
• Katz, D.M. ve R.L. Kahn (1978), The Social Psychology of Organizations (New York: Wiley).
• Kim,W.G., K.L. Jerrold ve L. Yong-Ki (2005), “Effect of Service Orientation on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Intention of Leaving in a Casual Dining Chain Restaurant,” International Journal of Hospitality Management, 24 (2): 171-193.
• Konovsky, M.A. ve D.W. Organ (1996), “Dispositional and Contextual Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17 (3): 253- 266.
• Lapierre, L.M. ve R.D. Hackett (2007), “Trait Conscientiousness, Leader-member exchange, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: A test of an Integrative Model,” Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80: 539–554.
• Lewin, K. (1951), Field Theory in Social Science (New York: Harper). Llies, R., I.S. Fulmer, M. Spitzmullera ve M.D. Johnson (2009), “Personality and Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 94 (4): 945-959.
• Lu, H., A. While ve L. Barriball (2005), “Job Satisfaction among Nurses: A Literature Review,” International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42: 211-227.
• Luszczynska, A., U. Scholz ve R. Schwarzer (2005), “The General Self-Efficacy Scale: Multicultural Validation Studies,” The Journal of Psychology, 139 (5): 439-457.
• Meyer, J., D. Stanley, L. Herscovitch ve L. Topolnytsky (2002), “Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: Meta Analysis of Entecedents,Correlates, and Consequences,” Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61 (1): 20-52.
• Midlarsky, E. (1984), “Competence and Helping: Notes Toward a Model,” E., Staub, D., Bar-Tal, J., Karylowski, ve J. Reykowski (ed.), Development and Maintenance of Prosocial Behavior (New York: Plenum Pres): 291-308.
• Minner, J.B. (1992), Industrial/Organizational Psychology (Boston: McGraw Hill).
• Morrison, E.W. (1994), “Role Definitions and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Importance of the Employee’s Perspective,” Academy of Management Journal, 37: 1543–1567.
• Motowidlo, S.J. (2000), “Some Basic Issues Related to Contextual Performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Human Resource Management,” Human Resource Management Review, 10 (1): 115-126.
• Motowidlo, S.J., ve J.R. van Scooter (1994), “Evidence That Task Performance Should be Distinguished from Contextual Performance,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 79: 475– 480.
• O’Brien, K.E. ve T.D. Allen (2008), “The Relative Importance of Correlates of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior Using Multiple Sources of Data,” Human Performance, 21: 62–88.
• Odom, R.Y., W.R. Boxx ve M.G. Dunn (1990), “Organizational Cultures, Commitment, Satisfaction and Cohesion,” Public Productivity and Management Review, 14 (2): 157-168.
• Organ, D.W. ve A. Lingl (1995), “Personality, Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” The Journal of Social Psychology, 135 (3): 339-350.
• Organ, D.W. (1988), Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome (Lexington,MA: Lexington Books.
• Organ, D.W. (1988), “A Restatement of the Satisfaction-Performance Hypothesis,” Journal of Management, 14: 547-557.
• Organ, D.W. (1994), “Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Journal of Management, 20 (2): 465-478.
• Organ, D.W. (1997), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior: It’s Construct Clean-up Time,” Human Performance, 10: 85–97.
• Organ, D.W., P.M. Podsakoff ve S.B. MacKenzie (2006), Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature, Antecedents, and Consequences (Sage Publications Inc).
• Organ, D.W. ve M. Konovsky (1989), “Cognitive vs. Affective Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 157-164.
• Organ, D.W. ve K. Ryan (1995), A Meta-analytic Review of Attitudinal and Dispositional Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Personnel Psychology, 48: 775–802.
• Penner, L.A., A.R. Midili ve J. Kegelmeyer (1997), “Beyond Job Attitudes: A Personality and Social Psychology Perspective on the Causes of Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” Human Performance, 10 (2): 111-132.
• Pfeffer J. ve R. I. Sutton (2006) Hard Facts, Dangerous Half-Truths And Total Nonsense: Profiting From Evidence-Based Management (Harvard Business School Press).
• Podsakoff, P. M., S. B. MacKensie, J. Paine ve D. Bachrach (2000), “Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research,” Journal of Management, 26: 513–563.
• Robbins, S. P. (2005), Organizational Behavior (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc).
• Rusbelt, C. A., D. Farrell, G. Rogers ve A.G. Mainous (1988), “Impact of Exchange Variables On Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Neglect: An Integrative Model of Responses to Decline Job Satisfaction,” Academy of Management Journal, 31 (3): 599-627.
• Shalley, C., Gilson, L. ve T. Blum (2000), “Matching Creativity Requirements and The Work Environment: Effects on Satisfaction and Intentions to Leave,” Academy of Management Journal, 48 (2): 215-223.
• Smith, C.A., D.W. Organ ve J.P. Near (1983), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature and Antecedents,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 68: 653-663.
• Somech, A. ve A. Drach-Zahavy (2004), “Exploring Organizational Citizenship Behaviour from an Organizational Perspective: The Relationship between Organizational Learning and Organizational Citizenship,” Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77 (3): 281-298.
• Şeşen, H. (2010), Öncülleri ve Sonuçları ile Örgüt İçi Girişimcilik: Türk Savunma Sanayinde Bir Araştırma (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi) (Kara Harp Okulu: Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
• Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007), Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş (Ankara: Ekinoks Yayınları).
• Thompson, H.B. ve J.M. Werner (1997), “The Impact of Role Conflict/Facilitation on Core and Discretionary Behaviors: Testing a Mediated Model,” Journal of Management, 23 (4): 583-601.
• Todd, S. Y. ve A. Kent (2006), “Direct and Indirect Effects of Task Characteristics on Organizational Citizenship Behavior,” North American Journal of Psychology, 8 (2): 253-268.
• Van Dyne, L., J. G. Graham ve R.M. Dienesch (1994), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Construct Redefinition, Operationalization, and Validation,” Academy of Management Journal, 37: 765–802.
• Van Dyne, L. ve J. A. LePine (1998), “Helping and Voice Extra-role Behaviors: Evidence of Construct and Predictive Validity,” Academy of Management Journal, 37: 765–802.
• Vey, M.A. ve J .P. Campbell (2004), “In-Role or Extra-Role Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Which Are We Measuring?,” Human Performance, 17 (1): 119-135.
• Wat, D. ve M. A. Shaffer (2005), “Equity and Relationship Quality Influences on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors the Mediating Role of Trust in the Supervisor and Empowerment,” Personel Review, 34 (4): 406-422.
• Williams, L. J. ve S. E. Anderson (1991), “Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship and in-role Behaviors,” Journal of Management, 17: 601–617.
• Williams, S. ve W. T. Shiaw (1999), “Mood and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Effects of Positive Affect on Employee OCB Intentions,” The Journal of Psychology, 133 (6): 656-668.
• Wilson, F.M. (1995), Organizational Behaviour and Gender (McGraw-Hill Book Company).
• Witt A. (1989), “Sex Differences Among Bank Employees in The Relationships of Commitment With Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction,” Journal of General Psychology, 116 (4): 419-426.
• Yeşilay, A. (2010), “Genelleştirilmiş Özyetki Beklentisi,” http://userpage.fuberlin.de/~health/turk.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 02.05. 2010).
• Yücel, C. ve S. K. Taşçı (2008), “Öğretmenlerin Kişilik Özellikleri ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı,” Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 685-707.