Artan ‘Rekabet’ Altında İhracata Yönelik Sektörlerde Değişen Ücret Yapısı

Abstract

Keywords

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ARTAN ‘REKABET’ ALTINDA İHRACATA YÖNELİK SEKTÖRLERDE DEĞİŞEN ÜCRET YAPISI

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, emek-yoğun ürünlerin ihracatında son yıllarda uluslararası düzeyde artan ‘rekabet’ koşullarının ücret yapısı üzerinde oluşabilecek etkilerini çatışan bölüşüm talepleri çerçevesinde bir modelleme ile açıklamayı amaçlıyoruz. Türkiye ekonomisi örneğinde gözlemlediğimiz gibi, 1990’lı yılların başlarından itibaren verilen uluslararası taahhütler kapsamında dış ticarette tam liberalleşme politikalarının uygulamasına geçilmiş ve ihracatı destekleme amaçlı oluşturulmuş teşvik, prim ve sübvansiyonlar azaltılmış veya kaldırılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, birçok gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomilerinin artık benzer ürünleri ihraç eder duruma gelmesiyle esnek hale gelen ihracat talep yapısı göz önüne alındığında, gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomilerinin ihracata dayalı ‘büyüme’ rejiminden büyük beklenti içinde olmalarıyla bileşim yanıltısı kurbanı olduklarını göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, sunacağımız model, ihracat teşviklerindeki azalma ile tetiklenen bir sistem içinde, esnek bir ihracat talep varsayımı ve dolayısıyla ihraç edilen ürünlerde fiyat artışlarının sınırlı olması durumunu göz önünde bulundurmaktadır.

Keywords

• Ücret yapısı, emeğin feminizasyonu, çatışan bölüşüm talepleri, rekabet, ihracat sektörleri

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