Türkiye'de Beşeri Sermaya ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz

Abstract

Keywords

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TÜRKİYE'DE BEŞERİ SERMAYE VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ (1960 - 2002)

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, kalkınma literatürünün önemli tartışma konularından birini oluşturan beşeri sermaye ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki, Türkiye açısından, belirlenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu amaçla öncelikle ilk, orta ve yükseköğretimden mezun olanlara çeşitli ağırlıklar uygulanarak, Türkiye için beşeri sermaye endeksi oluşturulmuştur. Söz konusu endeks yardımıyla, 1960-2002 yıllarını kapsayan bir dönem için, beşeri sermaye ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki "Eş-Bütünleşme Analizi" kullanılarak ekonometrik açıdan incelenmektedir. Konu ile ilgili olarak, "Beşeri sermaye ile ekonomik büyüme arasında uzun dönemli pozitif ilişki vardır" şeklindeki hipotez zaman serisi analizleriyle Türkiye için test edilmektedir. Analiz sonuçlan, Türkiye'de beşeri sermaye ile ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Diğer taraftan analiz sonuçlan, Türkiye ekonomisinde fiziki ve beşeri sermayenin GSMH üzerinde pozitif, işgücünün ise GSMH üzerinde negatif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, Türkiye'de beşeri sermayenin ekonomik büyümeye katkısının fiziki sermayeye göre daha düşük oranda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Beşeri sermaye, eğitim, ekonomik büyüme, üretim fonksiyonu, pozitif dışsallık

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