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GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA

Year 2011, Volume: 66 Issue: 01, 117 - 128, 01.01.2011
https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002197

Abstract

References

  • Basu, K. (1999), ‘‘Child Labor: Cause, Consequence, and Cure, with Remarks on International Labor Standards’’, Journal of Economic Literature, 37: 1083-1119.
  • Basu, K., and Tzannatos, Z. (2003), ‘‘The Global Child Labor Problem: What Do We Know and What Can We Do?’’, The World Bank Economic Review, 17(2): 147-173.
  • Basu, K., and Van, P.H. (1998), ‘‘The Economics of Child Labor’’, The American Economic Review, 88(3): 412-427.
  • Beegle, K., and Dehejia, R., Gatti, R. (2003), “NBER Working Paper 10088”, Child Labor, Crop Shock, and Credit Constraints (Cambridge: NBER).
  • Bhalotra, S., and C. Heady (2003), ‘‘Child Farm Labor: The Wealth Paradox’’, The World Bank Economic Review, 17(2): 197-227.
  • Blunch, N.H., and D. Verner (2001), Revisiting The Link Between Poverty and Child Labor: Tha Ghanaian Experience, CLS Working Papers 01-3(University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Center for Labor Market and Social Research).
  • Cunningham, H. (1990), ‘‘The Employment and Unemployment of Children in England c.1680- 1851”, Past and Present, 126: 115-150.
  • Cunningham, H., and P.P. Viazzo, (1996), Child Labor in Historical Perspective 1800-1985: Case Studies from Europe, Japan and Colombia (Florence:UNICEF).
  • De Vries, J. (1985), ‘‘The Industrial Revolution and The Industrious Revolution’’, Journal of Economic History, 54(2): 249-270.
  • Edmonds, E.V. (2003), “Does Child Labor Decline with Improving Economic Status?”, NBER Working Paper 10134( Cambridge: NBER).
  • Emerson, P., and A. Souza (2003), ‘‘Is There a Child Labor Trap? Intergenerational Persistence of Child Labor in Brazil, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 51(2): 375-398.
  • Galbi, A.D. (1997), ‘‘Child Labor and The Division of Labor in The Early English Cotton Mills’’, Journal of Population Economics, 10: 357-375.
  • Goldin, C.D. (1979), ‘‘Household and Market Production of Families in a Late Nineteenth Century American Town’’, Explorations in Economic History, 16(2): 111-131.
  • Gupta, R.M. (2000), ‘‘Wage Determination of a Child Worker: A Theoretical Analysis’’, Review Development Economics, 4(2): 219-228.
  • Hazan, M., and B. Berdugo (2002), ‘‘Child Labor, Fertility and Economic Growth’’, Economic Journal, 112: 810-828.
  • Horell, S., and J. Humphries (1995), ‘‘The Exploitation of Little Children: Child Labor and the Family Economy in the Industrial Revolution’’, Explorations in Economic History, 32(4): 485-516.
  • Humphries, J. (2003), ‘‘Child Labour: Lessons from The Historical Experince of Today’s Industrial Economies’’, The World Bank Economic Review, 17 (2): 175-196.
  • Jensen, P., and H.S. Nielsen (1997), ‘‘Child Labor or School Attendance? Evidence from Zambia’’, Journal of Population Economics, 10: 407-424.
  • Krueger, A. (1997), “International Labor Standards and Trade”, NBER Working Paper 5632 (Cambridge: NBER).
  • Moehling, C.M. (1995), The Intrahousehold Allocation of Resources and the Participation of Children in Household Decision-Making: Evidence from Early Twentieth Century America, Mimeo (North Western University).
  • Nardinelli, C. (1984), ‘‘The Productivity of Corporal Punishment: A Reply to Mackinnon and Johnson’’, Explorations in Economic History, 21(2): 224-228.
  • Nkamleu, G.M., (2006), ‘‘Poverty and Child Farm Labor in Africa: Wealth Paradox or Bad Orthodoxy’’, African Journal of Economic Policy, 13(1): 1-24.
  • Parsons, D., and C. Goldin (1989), ‘‘Parental Altruism and Self-Interest: Child Labor Among Late Nineteenth Century American Families’’, Economic Inquiry, 27: 637-659.
  • Patrinos, A. H., and G. Psacharopoulos (1997), ‘‘Family Size, Schooling and child Labor in Peru- An Empricial Analysis’’, Journal of Population Economics, 10: 387-405.
  • Wahba, J. (2002), The Influence of Market Wages and Parental History on Child Labor and Schooling in Egypt (Working Paper University of Southampton, Department of Economics).

GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA

Year 2011, Volume: 66 Issue: 01, 117 - 128, 01.01.2011
https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002197

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, çocuk işçilik ile bu olgunun varlığının en temel nedeni olarak gösterilen yoksulluk arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle, çocuk işçiliğin tarihsel ve kuramsal boyutu tartışılmıştır. Ardından, iktisadi açıdan çocuk işçiliğini açıklayan ve çocuk işçiliğinin nedenini yoksullukla ilişkilendiren çağdaş modeller ele alınmıştır. Bu kuramsal yaklaşımların ışığında, 148 ülkeye ilişkin çocuk işçilik oranı ve kişi başına düşen gelir verileri kullanılarak, yoksulluk ve çocuk işçilik arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Ülkeler, dört gelir grubuna (0-1.000$; 1.001-2.000$; 2.001-4.000; 4.001-9.000$) ayırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada SPSS 10 kullanılarak, 148 ülkedeki çocuk işçilik oranları ve kişi başına düşen ortalama gelir düzeyleri arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları hesaplanmış ve anlamlılıklarına bakılmıştır. Sonuç olarak yoksul ülkelerin bulunduğu ilk iki grupta kişi başına düşen gelir ve çocuk işçilik oranları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca 148 ülkeye bakıldığında da, çocuk işçilik ile kişi başına düşen ortalama gelir arasında anlamlı (-,53) bir ilişki bulunmuştur.

References

  • Basu, K. (1999), ‘‘Child Labor: Cause, Consequence, and Cure, with Remarks on International Labor Standards’’, Journal of Economic Literature, 37: 1083-1119.
  • Basu, K., and Tzannatos, Z. (2003), ‘‘The Global Child Labor Problem: What Do We Know and What Can We Do?’’, The World Bank Economic Review, 17(2): 147-173.
  • Basu, K., and Van, P.H. (1998), ‘‘The Economics of Child Labor’’, The American Economic Review, 88(3): 412-427.
  • Beegle, K., and Dehejia, R., Gatti, R. (2003), “NBER Working Paper 10088”, Child Labor, Crop Shock, and Credit Constraints (Cambridge: NBER).
  • Bhalotra, S., and C. Heady (2003), ‘‘Child Farm Labor: The Wealth Paradox’’, The World Bank Economic Review, 17(2): 197-227.
  • Blunch, N.H., and D. Verner (2001), Revisiting The Link Between Poverty and Child Labor: Tha Ghanaian Experience, CLS Working Papers 01-3(University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Center for Labor Market and Social Research).
  • Cunningham, H. (1990), ‘‘The Employment and Unemployment of Children in England c.1680- 1851”, Past and Present, 126: 115-150.
  • Cunningham, H., and P.P. Viazzo, (1996), Child Labor in Historical Perspective 1800-1985: Case Studies from Europe, Japan and Colombia (Florence:UNICEF).
  • De Vries, J. (1985), ‘‘The Industrial Revolution and The Industrious Revolution’’, Journal of Economic History, 54(2): 249-270.
  • Edmonds, E.V. (2003), “Does Child Labor Decline with Improving Economic Status?”, NBER Working Paper 10134( Cambridge: NBER).
  • Emerson, P., and A. Souza (2003), ‘‘Is There a Child Labor Trap? Intergenerational Persistence of Child Labor in Brazil, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 51(2): 375-398.
  • Galbi, A.D. (1997), ‘‘Child Labor and The Division of Labor in The Early English Cotton Mills’’, Journal of Population Economics, 10: 357-375.
  • Goldin, C.D. (1979), ‘‘Household and Market Production of Families in a Late Nineteenth Century American Town’’, Explorations in Economic History, 16(2): 111-131.
  • Gupta, R.M. (2000), ‘‘Wage Determination of a Child Worker: A Theoretical Analysis’’, Review Development Economics, 4(2): 219-228.
  • Hazan, M., and B. Berdugo (2002), ‘‘Child Labor, Fertility and Economic Growth’’, Economic Journal, 112: 810-828.
  • Horell, S., and J. Humphries (1995), ‘‘The Exploitation of Little Children: Child Labor and the Family Economy in the Industrial Revolution’’, Explorations in Economic History, 32(4): 485-516.
  • Humphries, J. (2003), ‘‘Child Labour: Lessons from The Historical Experince of Today’s Industrial Economies’’, The World Bank Economic Review, 17 (2): 175-196.
  • Jensen, P., and H.S. Nielsen (1997), ‘‘Child Labor or School Attendance? Evidence from Zambia’’, Journal of Population Economics, 10: 407-424.
  • Krueger, A. (1997), “International Labor Standards and Trade”, NBER Working Paper 5632 (Cambridge: NBER).
  • Moehling, C.M. (1995), The Intrahousehold Allocation of Resources and the Participation of Children in Household Decision-Making: Evidence from Early Twentieth Century America, Mimeo (North Western University).
  • Nardinelli, C. (1984), ‘‘The Productivity of Corporal Punishment: A Reply to Mackinnon and Johnson’’, Explorations in Economic History, 21(2): 224-228.
  • Nkamleu, G.M., (2006), ‘‘Poverty and Child Farm Labor in Africa: Wealth Paradox or Bad Orthodoxy’’, African Journal of Economic Policy, 13(1): 1-24.
  • Parsons, D., and C. Goldin (1989), ‘‘Parental Altruism and Self-Interest: Child Labor Among Late Nineteenth Century American Families’’, Economic Inquiry, 27: 637-659.
  • Patrinos, A. H., and G. Psacharopoulos (1997), ‘‘Family Size, Schooling and child Labor in Peru- An Empricial Analysis’’, Journal of Population Economics, 10: 387-405.
  • Wahba, J. (2002), The Influence of Market Wages and Parental History on Child Labor and Schooling in Egypt (Working Paper University of Southampton, Department of Economics).
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Onur Sunal This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2011
Submission Date July 31, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 66 Issue: 01

Cite

APA Sunal, O. (2011). GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 66(01), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002197
AMA Sunal O. GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA. SBF Dergisi. January 2011;66(01):117-128. doi:10.1501/SBFder_0000002197
Chicago Sunal, Onur. “GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 66, no. 01 (January 2011): 117-28. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002197.
EndNote Sunal O (January 1, 2011) GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 66 01 117–128.
IEEE O. Sunal, “GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA”, SBF Dergisi, vol. 66, no. 01, pp. 117–128, 2011, doi: 10.1501/SBFder_0000002197.
ISNAD Sunal, Onur. “GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 66/01 (January 2011), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002197.
JAMA Sunal O. GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA. SBF Dergisi. 2011;66:117–128.
MLA Sunal, Onur. “GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, vol. 66, no. 01, 2011, pp. 117-28, doi:10.1501/SBFder_0000002197.
Vancouver Sunal O. GELİR DÜZEYİ VE ÇOCUK EMEĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: ÜLKELERARASI BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA. SBF Dergisi. 2011;66(01):117-28.