Deneysel Diyabet Oluşturulan Ratlarda Glisirizin'in Antienflamatuar ve Antioksidan Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 72 - 79, 29.05.2019

Mehmet Mustafa İşgör , Altuğ Küçükgül , Gonca Ozan Kocamüftüoğlu Hayrettin Ata

Öz

Diyabet, günümüzde dünya çapında önemli bir yaygınlığa sahip metabolik bir hastalıktır. Adipoz dokudan salgılanan adipokinlerin, insülin sinyal iletiminde görev aldığı ve glikoz metabolizmasının düzenlenmesinde etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Meyan kökünün primer biyoaktif bileşeni olan glisirizinin anti-inflamatuar ve anti-oksidan etkileri olduğu birçok araştırmada rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada deneysel olarak oluşturulan in vivo diyabet modelinde glisirizin’in oksidatif stres ve inflamasyon üzerine biyoetkinliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmamızda, ratlarda streptozotosin uygulamasını takiben 6 haftalık süre sonunda deneysel diyabet modeli oluşturuldu. Deney hayvanları her biri 8 tane rattan oluşacak şekilde kontrol grubu (Kont), diyabet grubu (DM), diyabet + glisirizin grubu (+Gly) ve glisirizin grubu (Gly) olmak üzere dört gruba ayrıldı. Glisirizin suda çözdürüldü ve 1 hafta süreyle ratlara 50 mg/kg/gün oral olarak verildi. Deneme sonunda, alınan adipoz ve karaciğer doku örnekleri homojenize edilerek total antioksidan ve oksidan kapasite spektrofotometrik analizlerle ortaya konuldu. Bununla birlikte, elde edilen RNA örneklerinden leptin ve adiponektin sitokinlerinin gen ifadeleri transkripsiyon düzeyinde gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qRT-PCR) tekniği kullanılarak araştırıldı. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilere göre her iki dokuda glisirizinin diyabetle uyarılan total oksidan seviyelerini (TOS) anlamlı düzeyde azalttığı tespit edildi. Bunun yanı sıra, diyabetle azalan total antioksidan seviyelerinin (TAS) ise glisirizin uygulanımı ile anlamlı düzeyde attırdığı da bulundu. Yine, her iki dokuda adiponektin gen ekspresyonu DM grubunda kontrole göre aşağı-regüle olduğu, diyabet ile birlikte glisirizin uygulanan grupta ise DM grubuna göre yukarı-regüle olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte diyabet oluşturulan ratlarda gerek adipoz doku gerekse karaciğer dokusunda leptin ekspresyon ve protein seviyeleri artarken, glisirizinin bu etkiyi azalttığı görülmüştür. Özetle, glisirizin diyabetik ratların karaciğer ve adipoz dokularında sitokin seviyelerini düzenleyerek antienflamatuar etki göstermiştir. Ayrıca, antioksidan kapasiteyi de anlamlı düzeyde arttırarak antioksidan etkinlik göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diyabet, Glisirizin, İnflamasyon, Oksidatif stres

Investigation of Antiinflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Glycyrrhizin on Rats with Experimental Diabetes

Öz

Diabetes is a metabolic disease with a worldwide prevalence. Adipokines secreted from adipose tissue are known to be involved in insulin signal transduction and have an effect on the regulation of glucose metabolism. It has been reported in many studies that glycyrrhizin, the primary bioactive component of licorice root, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the bioactivity of glycyrrizine on oxidative stress and inflammation in an experimentally induced in vivo diabetes model. In our study, experimental diabetes model was formed at the end of 6 weeks following the administration of streptozotocin in rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups, each consisting of 8 rats, the control group (Cont), the diabetes group (DM), the diabetes + glycyrrhizin group (+ Gly) and the glycyrrizine group (Gly). Glycyrrhizin was dissolved in water and rats were given orally at 50 mg / kg / day for one week. At the end of the experiment, adipose and liver tissue samples were homogenized and oxidative stress index, total antioxidant and oxidant capacity were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. Besides, gene expression levels of leptin and adiponectin from the obtained RNA samples were investigated at the transcription level by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. According to the data obtained from the study, it was determined that glycyrrhizin significantly reduced diabetic induced total oxidant status (TOS) levels in both tissues. In addition, it was found that level of total antioxidant status (TAS) decreased by diabetes was significantly increased with glycyrrhizin administration. Again, adiponectin gene expression in both tissues was down-regulated in the DM group compared to control, in glycyrrhizin treated diabetes group, up-regulation of the same gene was determined according to DM group. Moreover, leptin mRNA expressions increased in both adipose tissue and liver tissue in diabetic rats, whereas glycyrrhizin decreased this effect in adipose tissue, but a slight increase was observed in the liver tissue according DM group. In short, glycyrrhizin showed an anti-inflammatory effect by regulating cytokine levels in liver and adipose tissues of diabetic rats. Besides, it has an antioxidant effect by increasing the antioxidant capacity significantly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes, Glycyrrhizin, Inflammation, Oxidative stress

Kaynakça

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