Meyve Sebze Tüketiminin Diyabette Önemi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 55 - 61, 30.05.2020

Özcan Bulantekin , Özlem Bulantekin Düzalan , Alper Kuşçu

Öz

Ekonomik büyüme, nüfus ve yaşam standartlarının değişmesi gıda üretimi, işleme ve dağıtım sistemlerinde büyük değişiklikler yapmış ve sağlıksız gıdaların erişilebilirliğini artırmıştır. Hazır yiyeceklerin artan mevcudiyeti, yüksek kalorili içeriğe sahip sağlıksız diyetlere katkıda bulunmuş; büyük porsiyon boyutları, büyük miktarda işlenmiş et, rafine edilmiş tahıl ürünleri, yüksek miktarda tatlandırıcı ilave edilmiş şekerli içecekler ve sağlıksız yağlar günden güne diyetlerimize dahil olmuştur. Bu nedenle bu derleme de; diyabete neden olan gıda kaynaklı faktörlerin belirlenmesi, meyve ve sebze tüketiminin diyabet hastalarında önemi araştırıldı. Meyve ve sebzelerin sahip olduğu birçok bileşeni ve bileşenlerin işlevsel yönlerinden dolayı şeker hastalığı gelişimi üzerinde belirli bir koruyucu etkileri vardır. Düşük glisemik yükleri ve kilo yönetimine yardımcı olma potansiyeli ile birlikte lif, potasyum, folat, antioksidan içerikleri (C, E vitamini, karotenoidler) diyabet riskini azaltıcı etkileri bulunmaktadır. Meyve ve sebzelerde bulunan mineraller ve fitokimyasallar gibi diğer bileşenlerde kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde rol oynamaktadırlar. Toplam meyve ve sebze tüketimiyle diyabet riski arasında ilişki bulunmamakla birlikte, yeşil yapraklı sebzelerin daha fazla alınması diyabet riskini düşürdüğü ve yaban mersini, üzüm ve elma gibi spesifik meyvelerin tüketimi ile prospektif kohort çalışmaların bulguları temel alınarak bu meyveleri tüketen bireylerde diyabet riskinin daha düşük olduğu belirtilmiştir. Anavatanı Amerika kıtası olan saskatoon üzümü, aroniya, gilaburu, güz zeytini gibi üzümsü meyvelerin içerdikleri fitokimyasallar diyabet hastalığının ilerlemesini durdurduğu ifade edilmiştir. Yüksek lif içeriği olan çemen otu tohumunun, biyoaktif bileşence zengin kudret narı meyvesinin ve fenolik madde içeriği zengin nar meyvesinin tüketimi vücutta kan şekeri metabolizmasının düzenlenmesine ve kandaki serbest yağ asitlerinin azalmasına yardımcı olduğu ve antidiyabetik etkileri yapılan araştırmalarla kanıtlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Meyve ve Sebze, Diyet Lifi, Antioksidan, Glisemik İndeks, Diyabet, Sağlık

Importance of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Diabetes

Öz

The changes in economic growth, population and living standards have made major changes in food production, processing and distribution systems and have increased the accessibility of unhealthy foods. Increased availability of prepared foods contributed to unhealthy diets with high calorie content; large portion sizes, large quantities of processed meat, refined cereal products, high added sweetened sugary drinks, and unhealthy oils have been included in our daily diets. For this reason, in this review; determining food-borne factor that causes diabetes, the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption was studied in patients with diabetes. Because of the functional aspects of many components and compounds that have fruits and vegetables has a certain protective effect of diabetes on the development. Fiber, potassium, folate, antioxidant ingredients (C, E vitamins, carotenoids), along with low glycemic load and potential for weight management, have the potential to reduce diabetes risk. In other components such as minerals and phytochemicals found in fruits and vegetables, they play a role in preventing chronic diseases. Although there is no association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and diabetes risk, it is suggested that the increased intake of green leafy vegetables reduces the risk of diabetes and the consumption of specific fruits such as blueberries, grapes and apples and the findings of prospective cohort studies suggest that the risk of diabetes is lower in individuals consuming these fruits. The phytochemicals contained in grapes such as saskatoon grape, aronia, gilaburu, autumn olive which belong to USA, as homeland, are stated to stop the progress of diabetes. Consumption of high fiber content of cumin seeds, bioactive compound rich of bitter melon and rich phenolic ingredient pomegranate juice has proven to be effective in regulating blood sugar metabolism and reducing free fatty acids in the body and has been proven by studies with antidiabetic effects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant, Diabetes, Dietary fiber, Fruit and vegatables, Glycemic index, Health

Kaynakça

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