Bazı toprak kökenli funguslara karşı defne esansiyel yağı ve hidrosölünün antifungal etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Year 2019, , 217 - 226, 20.12.2019

Muharrem Türkkan , Ömer Çalışkan , İsmail Erper , Şevket Metin Kara , Muhammet Akif Açıkgöz

https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.476209

Abstract

Mevcut çalışmada, defne (Laurus nobilis L.) yağının ve
hidrosölünün Fusarium oxysporum f.
sp. cepae, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, Macrophomina
phaseolina ve Sclerotium rolfsii’ye
karşı antifungal etkileri in vitro ve
toprak test yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca uçucu yağın
kimyasal bileşenleri GC-MS analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. Ana bileşeni
1,8-sineole (%57.03) olan uçucu yağda on altı bileşen tespit edilmiştir.
Miselyal gelişme, spor çimlenmesi ve sklerotial çimlenme dahil olmak üzere tüm in vitro çalışmalarda, uçucu yağın dört
fungusun hepsine karşı inhibitör etkisi, uçucu yağ hidrosölününkünden çok daha
yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, F.
oxysporum f. sp. cepae, M. phaseolina, R. solani AG-4 ve S. rolfsii
için uçucu yağın EC₅₀, MIC ve MFC değerleri sırasıyla 9.84, >40
ve >40, 5.28, >40 ve >40, 3.55, 20 ve >40, ve 2.74, 20 ve 40
µl/petri’ydi. Toprak testlerinde, uçucu yağ (40 µL/petri) R. solani AG-4 ve S. rolfsii’nin
misel gelişimini tamamen engellemiş, ancak F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae ve M. phaseolina’nın
misel gelişimini sırasıyla %63.61 ve %95.53’e kadar azaltmıştır. Bununla birlikte, uçucu yağın birinci grup funguslara karşı
engelleyici etkisi ile M. phaseolina’nınki
arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmamıştır. Uçucu yağ hidrosölünün en yüksek konsantrasyonunda (%40,
w/v) bile, F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, M. phaseolina, R. solani
AG-4 ve S. rolfsii’nin miselyal
gelişimini sırasıyla  %2.91, 5.36, 26.80
ve 35.13’e kadar azaltmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, çeşitli toprak kökenli
fungusların kontrolünde defne uçucu yağlarının kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Defne, uçucu yağ, toprak kökenli funguslar, alternatif kontrol

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