Effect of light on biosynthesis of alkamide, caffeic acid derivatives and echinacoside in Echinacea purpurea L. callus cultures
Abstract
Light is not only
effective in photosynthesis, growth and development, but also play an important
role in biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites. The present research
was aimed to determine effect of light on biosynthesis of alkamide, caffeic
acid derivatives and echinacoside in cell suspension cultures of Echinacea purpurea L. Stem explants
derived from sterile plants were subjected to callus culture in a B5 media
supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BAP and 2.0 mg/L NAA. Afterward, 8-day cell cultures
were incubated in light and dark environments and cell harvesting, with a
three-day interval, was carried out five times. The contents of alkamide,
caffeic acid derivatives and echinacoside were determined using HPLC. Alkamide,
caftaric acid and echinacoside content increased regularly with light
application. Light application increased alkamide content by 57%, as an
average, compared to darkness. The cell cultures exposed to 12 days of
incubation in light produced the highest alkamide content, with a 2.11-fold
increase, compared to dark. Subjecting the cell cultures to light for 12 days
resulted in 70% and 63% increases in caftaric acid and echinacoside. This study
showed that light application in Echinacea
purpurea L. cell suspension culture had a great potential for increasing some
important phytochemicals.
Keywords
Caftaric acid,elicitor,purple coneflower,phytochemical compounds,secondary metabolites
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