Bağlanma Yaralanmalarına Müdahaleye Yönelik Duygu Odaklı Çift Terapisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, evlilik ilişkisinde bağlanma figüründen kaynaklanan yaralayıcı travmatik deneyimler olarak ele alınan bağlanma yaralanmaları kavramına odaklanılmıştır. Bağlanma yaralanmaları bireylerin eşlerine yönelik güven, duyarlılık ve erişilebilirlik algılarına ciddi hasar vermekte ve eşleri ile olan yakınlık, samimiyet, evlilik doyumu ve iletişim düzeylerini olumsuz etkilemektedir (Johnson ve Whiffen, 1999; Millikin, 2000). Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada bağlanma yaralanmalarının nasıl ortaya çıktığı, ilişki dinamiklerini nasıl şekillendirdiği ve çift danışmanlığı sürecinde nasıl ele alınabileceği konusu Duygu Odaklı Çift Terapisi perspektifinden ele alınmıştır. Makinen ve Johnson (2006) tarafından, Duygu Odaklı Çift Terapisi temelinde oluşturulan Bağlanma Yaralanmaları Çözüm Modeli açıklanmış, ayrıca modelin temel aşamaları ve müdahale teknikleri ele alınarak detaylandırılmıştır. Ardından alanyazında yer alan güncel deneysel çalışmalar incelenmiş ve bulguları ile birlikte sunulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda Duygu Odaklı Çift Terapisi temelinde oluşturulan Bağlanma Yaralanmaları Çözüm Modeli’nin bağlanma yaralanmalarının çözümünde etkili olduğunun farklı deneysel çalışmalarla desteklendiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca Bağlanma Yaralanmaları Çözüm Modelinin çiftlerin affetme düzeyleri, güven düzeyleri, evlilik doyumları, olumlu iletişim düzeyleri üzerinde de etkili olduğu görülmektedir (Makinen ve Johnson, 2006; Schade ve Sandberg, 2012). Bağlanma Yaralanmalarına müdahale konusunun çift danışmanlığı sürecinde kritik bir öneme sahip olduğu ve özellikle ele alınması gerektiği savunulmaktadır (Johnson, 1996). Bu doğrultuda bu derleme çalışmasının alandaki çift danışmanlığı uygulayıcılarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca alanyazında Türkiye örnekleminde bağlanma yaralanmalarına müdahaleye yönelik bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çerçevede bu çalışmanın araştırmacılara katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• bağlanma yaralanmaları
• duygu odaklı çift terapisi
• bağlanma yaralanmaları çözüm modeli

Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy for Intervention in Attachment Injuries

Abstract

This study focuses on the concept of attachment injuries, which are considered as wounding traumatic experiences originating from an attachment figure in a marital relationship. Attachment injuries seriously damage individuals’ perceptions of trust, sensitivity, and accessibility toward their spouses and negatively affect their levels of closeness, intimacy, marital satisfaction, and communication with their spouses (Johnson & Whiffen, 1999; Millikin, 2000). In this context, this study addresses how attachment injuries emerge, how they shape relationship dynamics, and how they can be addressed in couple counseling from the perspective of Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy. The Attachment Injury Resolution Model, based on Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy, was explained by Makinen and Johnson (2006), and the basic stages and intervention techniques of the model were discussed and detailed. Then, current experimental studies in the literature were examined and presented with their findings. As a result of the study, it was seen that the Attachment Injury Resolution Model, based on Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy, was effective in resolving attachment injuries and was supported by different experimental studies. In addition, it is seen that the Attachment Injuries Resolution Model is effective on the forgiveness levels, trust levels, marital satisfaction, and positive communication levels of couples (Makinen and Johnson, 2006; Schade and Sandberg, 2012). It is argued that the issue of intervention in attachment injuries is of critical importance in the couple counseling process and should be addressed specifically (Johnson, 1996). In this context, it is thought that this compilation study will contribute to couple counseling practitioners in the field. In addition, no study on intervention in attachment injuries in the Turkish sample has been found in the literature. In this context, it is thought that this study will contribute to researchers.

Keywords

• attachment injuries
• emotionally focused therapy
• attachment injuries resolution model

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