Bal Yemişinin Germplazmı ve Sistematik İncelenmesi

Öz

Sahip oldukları tat ve aromaya ek olarak, içerdikleri antioksidan türevi zengin biyokimyasallarca, sağlık üzerine pozitif etkiler gösteren yabani veya ticari öneme sahip üzümsü meyveler ülkemizde giderek popüler hale gelmektedir. Hem süs bitkisi olarak kullanılabilen hem de eşsiz tada sahip yenilebilir meyveleri olan tetraploid bal yemişi de (Lonicera caerulea L. s.l., 2n=36) bu fonksiyonel türlerden birisi olarak potansiyel taşımaktadır. Bal yemişine Avrasya’nın Kuzey Kutbu, Tayga iklim bölgelerinin ormanlık ve dağlık bölgelerinde rastlanmaktadır. En çok bilinen popülasyonlarına (L.caerulea L. s.l) Kuril Adalarında, Kamçatka Yarımadasında, Okhotiya ve Yakutya’da, Sikhote-Alin Dağlarında, Amur Nehri boyunca, Sayany ve Altay Dağlarında, Urallarda, Pechora’da, Severnaya Dvina Vadileri ve Kola Yarımadasında rastlanmaktadır. Polimorf bir tür olan bal yemişi, Rusya haricinde Japonya’da Hokkaido’da, Kuzey Çin’de Xeilongjiang ve Xinjiang eyaletlerinde, Tacikistan, Kırgızistan ve Kazakistan’da yoğun popülasyona sahiptir. Avrupa, İskandinavya ve Alplerde nadiren görülmektedir. Önemli temel germplazma grupları Rusya, Japonya ve Kuril Adalarının çok soğuk iklimleriyken, Kuzey Amerika’nın kuzeyinde yabani formlarına rastlanmaktadır. Rusya ve Japonya’da geniş çapta kültüre alınmıştır. Kamçatka, Kuril Adaları ve Altay Dağlarından gelen formların ıslah amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. L.caerulea’nın intraspesifik sınıflandırması için bu bitki üzerine daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerekmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• L.caerulea L. s.l.
• bal yemişi
• germplazm

The Germplasm and Systematic Examination of Honeyberry

Abstract

Due to their antioxidant content and beneficial properties for health grape like fruits have become popular in our country. One of these varieties, the tetraploid honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea L. s.l., 2n=36), is both used as an ornamental plant and has edible fruits with a unique taste. Honeyberries are found in the forested and mountainous regions of the North Pole and Taiga climate zones of Eurasia. The most well-known populations of honeyberries (L.caerulea L. s.l) are found in the Kuril Islands, the Kamchatka Peninsula, Okhotsk, Yakutia, the Sikhote-Alin Mountains, along the Amur River, in the Sayan and Altai Mountains, the Urals, Pechora, Severnaya Dvina Valleys, and the Kola Peninsula. A polymorphic species, honeyberry is also densely populated in regions outside Russia, such as Hokkaido in Japan, Xeilongjiang and Xinjiang provinces in northern China, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan. It is rarely seen in Europe, Scandinavia, and the Alps. The main germplasm groups of significance are found in the extremely cold climates of Russia, Japan, and the Kuril Islands, while wild forms are encountered in the northern regions of North America. It has been extensively cultivated in Russia and Japan. Forms from Kamchatka, the Kuril Islands and the Altai Mountains are used for breeding purposes. Further studies are needed for the intraspecific classification of L.caerulea.

Keywords

• L.caerulea L. s.l.
• honeyberry
• germplasm

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