Vaccinium myrtillus’un İki Morfolojik Varyantının Karşılaştırmalı FTIR Profillemesi ve Antioksidan Potansiyeli

Abstract

Vaccinium myrtillus L. (yaban mersini), zengin fitokimyasal bileşimi ve dikkat çekici biyolojik aktiviteleriyle bilinen yabani bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada, V. myrtillus'un iki morfolojik varyantının farklı bitki kısımlarından (yaprak, meyve ve gövde) elde edilen metanolik ekstreler antioksidan kapasiteleri ve kimyasal profilleri açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Antioksidan aktiviteler, CUPRAC (Bakır İyonu İndirgeyici Antioksidan Kapasitesi) ve FRAP (Demir İndirgeyici Antioksidan Gücü) testleri kullanılarak belirlenirken, fonksiyonel grup karakterizasyonu FTIR-ATR spektroskopisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, antioksidan kapasitelerinin bitki kısmına ve varyantına bağlı olarak önemli ölçüde değiştiğini ortaya koymuştur. En yüksek antioksidan aktivite Yer Ligarbası’nın dal kısmında (CUPRAC'ta 268.40 mg troloks eşdeğeri (TE)/g; FRAP'ta 139.29 mg TE/g) gözlemlenirken, en düşük değerler yine yer ligarbasının meyvesinde kaydedilmiştir. CUPRAC ve FRAP testleri arasındaki tutarlı eğilim, iki elektron transferine dayalı yöntem arasında güçlü bir uyum olduğunu göstermiştir. FTIR spektrumları, O–H (~3400 cm⁻¹), C–H (~2925 cm⁻¹), aromatik C=C (~1600 cm⁻¹) ve C–O (~1200–1000 cm⁻¹) titreşimleri de dahil olmak üzere fenolik bileşiklere, flavonoitlere, karbonhidratlara ve organik asitlere karşılık gelen karakteristik bantlar göstermiştir. Antioksidan kapasite ile 3400, 1020 ve 1050 cm⁻¹'deki FTIR bantları arasında orta düzeyde pozitif korelasyonlar belirlenmiştir; bu da hidroksil ve C–O içeren fenolik bileşiklerin antioksidan aktivitede önemli bir rol oynadığını düşündürmektedir. Genel olarak, bulgular V. myrtillus'un antioksidan potansiyelinin fenolik bileşimiyle güçlü bir şekilde ilişkili olduğunu ve bitki kısmına ve morfolojik varyantına bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermektedir. Ek olarak, FTIR spektroskopisinin bitki ekstrelerinin kimyasal profilini ve antioksidan potansiyelini değerlendirmek için hızlı ve etkili bir tamamlayıcı araç olduğu doğrulanmıştır.

Keywords

• Vaccinium myrtillus L.
• CUPRAC
• FRAP
• FTIR-ATR spektroskopisi

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışma için herhangi bir finansman alınmamıştır.

Ethical Statement

Etik beyan gerekmemektedir.

Thanks

Yazar, bu çalışmada kullanılan bitki ekstrelerini sağladıkları için Yuca ve arkadaşlarına minnettar olduklarını belirtirler; bu ekstreler daha önce yayınlanmış araştırmalarında hazırlanmıştır.

Comparative FTIR Profiling and Antioxidant Potential of Two Morphological Variants of Vaccinium myrtillus

Abstract

Vaccinium myrtillus L. is a wild plant known for its rich phytochemical composition and remarkable biological activities. In this study, methanolic extracts obtained from different plant parts (leaves, fruits, and stems) of two morphological variants of V. myrtillus were comparatively evaluated in terms of their antioxidant capacities and chemical profiles. Antioxidant activities were determined using the CUPRAC (Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays, while functional group characterization was performed by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The results revealed that antioxidant capacities varied significantly depending on both the plant part and the morphological variant. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the stem part of Yer Ligarbası (268.40 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g in the CUPRAC assay and 139.29 mg TE/g in the FRAP assay), whereas the lowest values were recorded in the fruit part of the same variant. The consistent trends obtained from the CUPRAC and FRAP assays indicated a strong agreement between these two electron transfer-based methods. FTIR spectra exhibited characteristic bands corresponding to phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carbohydrates, and organic acids, including O–H (~3400 cm⁻¹), C–H (~2925 cm⁻¹), aromatic C=C (~1600 cm⁻¹), and C–O (~1200–1000 cm⁻¹) vibrations. Moderate positive correlations were identified between antioxidant capacity and the FTIR bands at 3400, 1020, and 1050 cm⁻¹, suggesting that phenolic compounds containing hydroxyl and C–O functional groups play a significant role in antioxidant activity. Overall, the findings demonstrated that the antioxidant potential of V. myrtillus is strongly associated with its phenolic composition and varies according to plant part and morphological variant. Furthermore, FTIR spectroscopy was confirmed to be a rapid and effective complementary tool for evaluating the chemical profile and antioxidant potential of plant extracts.

Keywords

• Vaccinium myrtillus L.
• CUPRAC
• FRAP
• FTIR-ATR spectroscopy

Supporting Institution

No funding was received for this study.

Ethical Statement

No ethical declaration is required.

Thanks

The author express gratitude to Yuca et al. for providing the plant extracts used in this study; these extracts were prepared in their previously published research.

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