Buğday Saplarından (Triticum aestivum L.) KOH-Hava Metodu İle Kağıthamuru Üretimi

Öz

Kâğıt üretimi ton başına üretimde oldukça yüksek su kullanımı olan bir endüstriyel alandır. Pişirme sırasında hammaddeden siyah çözeltiye geçen kimyasallar ve organik ve inorganik maddeler kirliliğe neden olabilir. Genellikle, ekin saplarından kâğıt hamuru elde etmek için NaOH metodu kullanılır. Kâğıt hamuru proseslerinden arta kalan sodyum atık sularda tuzluluğa neden olduğundan uzaklaştırılmalıdır. Siyah çözelti arıtma işlemi zaman ve maliyet artışına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenlerden dolayı siyah çözeltiyi arıtmadan uzaklaştırmanın yollarını aramak önemlidir. Bu amaçla pişirme için seçilen alkali toprakta tuzluluk yapmamalıdır. Kâğıt hamuru üretmek için NaOH’tan zayıf bir alkali olan KOH seçilmiştir. Hava ağartıcı özellikte olduğundan, KOH-Hava pişirmesi yapılmıştır. Eğer potasyum doğru kullanılırsa bitkiler için önemli bir besin kaynağıdır. Bu çalışmada, elde edilen siyah çözelti pH ortalaması 12 olan güçlü bir bazdır. Optimum hamur üretim şartları sıcaklık, zaman ve KOH oranı olarak sırasıyla 120°C, 60 dak. ve %18 KOH olarak tespit edilmiştir. KOH metodu ile elde edilen hamur ve kâğıtların kalitesi geleneksel NaOH metodu ile buğday saplarından üretilen hamur ve kağıtlarla başa baş rekabet edecek seviyede olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kağıt hamuru,kağıt,KOH-Hava Metodu,buğday sapı

Manufacturing of Pulp from Wheat Straw (Triticum aestivum L.) by KOH-Air Method

Abstract

Paper manufacturing is a very high water use per
ton industrial sector. Chemicals and organic and inorganic substances which
pass through black solution from raw material during cooking may cause
pollution. Generally, NaOH method is used to manufacture paper pulp from cereal
straw. Since, sodium increases water salinity in black liquor which was a
residue from paper pulp processes and it must be removed. Black liqour
treatment increases the time and cost of operations. For these reasons it has
become imperative to search for ways to dispose of the black liquor without
performing purification.  For this
purpose, the alkali   selected for
cooking should not cause salinity to the soil. In order to produce pulp, KOH
was used which is a weaker base than NaOH. Because air has bleaching
characteristic, KOH-Air cookings were performed. On the other hand, if
potassium is used correctly it will be a considerable nutrient for plants. In
this study, the black liquor obtained was strong base having mean pH as 12. The
optimum pulp manufacturing conditions were temperature, time and KOH ratio were
determined as 120°C, 60 min and 18% KOH. It has seen that pulp and paper
quality of KOH method compete par with traditional NaOH method pulp and paper
using wheat straw.

Keywords

• pulp,paper,KOH-Air method,wheat straw

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