Turizmde paylaşım ekonomisi tartışmaları ve İstanbul: Airbnb örneği

Abstract

Turizm sektöründe gün geçtikçe etki alanı genişleyen paylaşım ekonomisi modeli tartışmaları da beraberinde getirmiştir. İlgili akademik araştırmaların öznesi ise büyük oranda Airbnb platformudur. Bu çalışma Airbnb arzına yönelik çeşitli destinasyonlardaki toplumsal muhalif tutumun İstanbul’da olmadığı varsayımı ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu durumun sebepleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Yorumlayıcı bir yaklaşımın benimsendiği araştırmada öncelikle İstanbul Airbnb arzı ortaya koyulmuş ve sonrasında literatür destekli bir tartışma yürütülmüştür. İstanbul Airbnb arzı Beyoğlu, Şişli, Fatih, Kadıköy ve Beşiktaş ilçelerinde yoğunlaşmış durumdadır ve buralarda dahi bir muhalif tavrın olmadığı varsayımı, kent kültürünün eksikliği ve karar mercileriyle beraber yerel halkın ekonomik bakış açısı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Nihai olarak Airbnb arzını sınırlandırarak ve kent geneline yayarak olası tartışmaların engellenmesi adına öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu öneriler; çekicilik çeşitlendirmesi ile turizm hareketliliğinin kente yayılması, Airbnb girişimlerine yasal düzenlemeler getirilmesi, küçük ve orta büyüklükteki otel işletmelerinin hizmetlerinde revizyona gidilmesi şeklindedir.

Keywords

• Airbnb
• Paylaşım ekonomisi
• Turizm soylulaştırması
• İstanbul

Discussions on sharing economy in tourism and Istanbul: The case of Airbnb

Abstract

The sharing economy model, whose sphere of influence is expanding day by day in the tourism sector, has brought discussions with it. The subject of relevant academic research is largely the Airbnb platform. This study was carried out with the assumption that the social oppositional attitude to Airbnb supply in various destinations is not in Istanbul, and the reasons for this situation are emphasized. In the research, in which an interpretive approach was adopted, first of all, Istanbul Airbnb supply was revealed and then a literature-supported discussion was carried out. Istanbul Airbnb supply is agglomerationed in Beyoğlu, Şişli, Fatih, Kadıköy and Beşiktaş districts, and the assumption that there is no oppositional attitude even around here has been associated with the lack of urban culture and the economic perspective of the local people together with the decision makers. Finally, suggestions have been made to prevent possible discussions by limiting the Airbnb supply and spreading it throughout the city. These suggestions are; spreading tourism mobility to the city with attractiveness diversification, bringing legal regulations to Airbnb initiatives, revising the services of small and medium-sized hotel businesses.

Keywords

• Airbnb
• Sharing economy
• Tourism gentrification
• Istanbul

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