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Turizmde paylaşım ekonomisi tartışmaları ve İstanbul: Airbnb örneği

Year 2021, , 1343 - 1357, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31795/baunsobed.1019673

Abstract

Turizm sektöründe gün geçtikçe etki alanı genişleyen paylaşım ekonomisi modeli tartışmaları da beraberinde getirmiştir. İlgili akademik araştırmaların öznesi ise büyük oranda Airbnb platformudur. Bu çalışma Airbnb arzına yönelik çeşitli destinasyonlardaki toplumsal muhalif tutumun İstanbul’da olmadığı varsayımı ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu durumun sebepleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Yorumlayıcı bir yaklaşımın benimsendiği araştırmada öncelikle İstanbul Airbnb arzı ortaya koyulmuş ve sonrasında literatür destekli bir tartışma yürütülmüştür. İstanbul Airbnb arzı Beyoğlu, Şişli, Fatih, Kadıköy ve Beşiktaş ilçelerinde yoğunlaşmış durumdadır ve buralarda dahi bir muhalif tavrın olmadığı varsayımı, kent kültürünün eksikliği ve karar mercileriyle beraber yerel halkın ekonomik bakış açısı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Nihai olarak Airbnb arzını sınırlandırarak ve kent geneline yayarak olası tartışmaların engellenmesi adına öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu öneriler; çekicilik çeşitlendirmesi ile turizm hareketliliğinin kente yayılması, Airbnb girişimlerine yasal düzenlemeler getirilmesi, küçük ve orta büyüklükteki otel işletmelerinin hizmetlerinde revizyona gidilmesi şeklindedir.

References

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  • Amore, A., de Bernardi, C. ve Arvanitis, P. (2020). The impacts of Airbnb in Athens, Lisbon and Milan: A rent gap theory perspective, Current Issues in Tourism, 1-14.
  • Avunduk, H. ve Akpınar, A. (2021). Seyahat ve turizmde paylaşım ekonomisi: Airbnb Türkiye örneği, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 5(Özel Sayısı), 135-149.
  • Ayata, S. ve Güneş Ayata, A. (1996). Konut, komşuluk ve kent Kültürü. T.C. Başbakanlık Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı Yayınları.
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  • Belk, R. (2014). Sharing versus pseudo-sharing in Web 2.0, The Anthropologist, 18(1), 7–23.
  • Benner, M. (2020). The decline of tourist destinations: An evolutionary perspective on overtourism, Sustainability, 12(9), 3653.
  • Binninger, A.S., Ourahmoune, N. ve Robert, I. (2015). Collaborative consumption and sustainability: A discursive analysis of consumer representations and collaborative website narratives, Journal of Applied Business Research, 31(3), 969-986.
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  • Gutierrez, J., Garcia-Palomares, J. C., Romanillos, G. ve Salas-Olmedo, M. H. (2017). The eruption of Airbnb in tourist cities: Comparing spatial patterns of hotels and peer-to-peer accommodation in Barcelona, Tourism Management, 62, 278-291.
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  • Kişi, N. (2018). Paylaşım ekonomisinin ulaşım sektörüne yansımaları: Uber örneği, Uluslararası Yönetim ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(10), 57-68.
  • Koçak, Y. ve Ulema, Ş. (2020). Paylaşım ekonomisinde yasal sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri: Airbnb Örneği, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 3021-3038.
  • Konak S. (2020). İstanbul’u ziyaret eden yabancı turistlerin Airbnb uygulamasını tercih etme nedenleri, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 4(1), 79-90.
  • Lima, V. (2019). Towards an understanding of the regional impact of Airbnb in Ireland, Regional Studies, Regional Science, 6(1), 78-91.
  • Lutz, C. ve Newlands, G. (2018). Consumer segmentation within the sharing economy: The case of Airbnb, Journal of Business Research, 88, 187-196.
  • Mao, Z. ve Lyu, J. (2017). Why travelers use Airbnb again? An integrative approach to understanding travelers’ repurchase intention, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(9), 2464-2482.
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  • Mermet, A. (2017). Critical insights from the exploratory analysis of the ‘Airbnb syndrome’ in Reykjavík. M. Gravari-Barbas ve S. Guinand (Eds.), tourism and gentrification in contemporary metropolises içinde. (ss. 52–75). Routledge.
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  • Pekarkova, K. (2018). The sharing economy in 2018 and resulting problems of short-term rentals: How airbnb affects the czech republic and what could be done to resolve the issues? [Doktora tezi], State University of New York.
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  • So, K.K.F., Oh, H. ve Min, S. (2018). Motivations and constraints of Airbnb consumers: Findings from a mixed-methods approach, Tourism Management, 67, 224-236.
  • Stors, N. ve Kagermeier, A. (2015). Motives for using Airbnb in metropolitan tourism—Why do people sleep in the bed of a stranger?. Regions Magazine, 299(1), 17-19.
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Discussions on sharing economy in tourism and Istanbul: The case of Airbnb

Year 2021, , 1343 - 1357, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31795/baunsobed.1019673

Abstract

The sharing economy model, whose sphere of influence is expanding day by day in the tourism sector, has brought discussions with it. The subject of relevant academic research is largely the Airbnb platform. This study was carried out with the assumption that the social oppositional attitude to Airbnb supply in various destinations is not in Istanbul, and the reasons for this situation are emphasized. In the research, in which an interpretive approach was adopted, first of all, Istanbul Airbnb supply was revealed and then a literature-supported discussion was carried out. Istanbul Airbnb supply is agglomerationed in Beyoğlu, Şişli, Fatih, Kadıköy and Beşiktaş districts, and the assumption that there is no oppositional attitude even around here has been associated with the lack of urban culture and the economic perspective of the local people together with the decision makers. Finally, suggestions have been made to prevent possible discussions by limiting the Airbnb supply and spreading it throughout the city. These suggestions are; spreading tourism mobility to the city with attractiveness diversification, bringing legal regulations to Airbnb initiatives, revising the services of small and medium-sized hotel businesses.

References

  • Akyol, B. ve Ünlüönen, K. (2020). Paylaşım ekonomisinin turizm sektörüne etkileri: Kırıkkale Üniversitesi öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(1), 623-644.
  • Alrawadieh, Z., Guttentag, D., Cifci, M. A. ve Cetin, G. (2020). Budget and midrange hotel managers’ perceptions of and responses to Airbnb: Evidence from Istanbul, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(2), 588-604.
  • Amore, A., de Bernardi, C. ve Arvanitis, P. (2020). The impacts of Airbnb in Athens, Lisbon and Milan: A rent gap theory perspective, Current Issues in Tourism, 1-14.
  • Avunduk, H. ve Akpınar, A. (2021). Seyahat ve turizmde paylaşım ekonomisi: Airbnb Türkiye örneği, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 5(Özel Sayısı), 135-149.
  • Ayata, S. ve Güneş Ayata, A. (1996). Konut, komşuluk ve kent Kültürü. T.C. Başbakanlık Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı Yayınları.
  • Ayazlar, R., A. (2018). Paylaşım ekonomisi ve turizm endüstrisine yansımaları, Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 17(3), 1186-1202.
  • Belk, R. (2014). Sharing versus pseudo-sharing in Web 2.0, The Anthropologist, 18(1), 7–23.
  • Benner, M. (2020). The decline of tourist destinations: An evolutionary perspective on overtourism, Sustainability, 12(9), 3653.
  • Binninger, A.S., Ourahmoune, N. ve Robert, I. (2015). Collaborative consumption and sustainability: A discursive analysis of consumer representations and collaborative website narratives, Journal of Applied Business Research, 31(3), 969-986.
  • Botsman, R. ve Rogers, R. (2011). What’s mine is yours – how collaborative consumption is changing the way we live. Harper Collins Business.
  • Böcker L. ve Meelen T. (2017). Sharing for people, planet or profit? Analysing motivations for intended sharing economy participation, Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 23, 28-39.
  • Burgen, S. (2017). Barcelona marches to curb negative effects of tourism boom. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/29/barcelona-residents-protest-high-rents-fuelled-by-tourism
  • Bustamante, J. (2020). Airbnb statistics. https://ipropertymanagement.com/research/airbnb-statistics
  • Celata, F. ve Romano, A. (2020). Overtourism and online short-term rental platforms in Italian cities, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1-20.
  • Cheng, M. (2016). Current sharing economy media discourse in tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 60, 111-114.
  • Cocola-Gant, A. (2015). Tourism and commercial gentrification. The Ideal City: Between Myth and Reality, Representations, Policies, Contradictions and Challenges for Tomorrow’s Urban Life, Urbino.
  • Cocola-Gant, A. ve Gago, A. (2019). Airbnb, buy-to-let investment and tourism-driven displacement: A case study in Lisbon, Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 53(7), 1671-1688.
  • Cohen, B. ve Kietzmann, J. (2014). Ride on! Mobility business models for the sharing economy, Organization & Environment, 27(3), 279-296.
  • Cnntürk (2018). İstanbul'da en çok nereli yaşıyor? https://www.cnnturk.com/emlak/istanbulda-en-cok-nereli-yasiyor?page=14
  • Crommelin, L., Troy, L., Martin, C. ve Pettit, C. (2018). Is Airbnb a sharing economy superstar? Evidence from five global cities, Urban Policy and Research, 36(4), 429-444.
  • Çelik, A. (2018). İstanbul turizm istatistikleri raporu. İstanbul İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü Strateji Geliştirme Şube Yayınları.
  • Demirdelen Alrawadieh, D., Dinçer, M. Z. ve Dinçer, F. İ. (2020). Airbnb aracılığıyla konaklama yapan misafirlerin memnuniyet düzeylerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesine yönelik netnografik bir araştırma, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 4(1), 1-14.
  • Dodds, R. ve Butler, R. (2019). The phenomena of overtourism: A review, International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(4), 519-528.
  • Fang, B., Ye, Q. ve Law, R. (2016). Effect of sharing economy on tourism industry employment, Annals of Tourism Research, 57, 264-267.
  • Ferreri, M. ve Sanyal, R. (2018). Platform economies and urban planning: Airbnb and regulated deregulation in London, Urban Studies, 55(15), 3353-3368.
  • Frenken, K. ve Schor, J. (2019). Putting the sharing economy into perspective. O. Mont (Ed.), a research agenda for sustainable consumption governance içinde. (ss. 121-135). Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Frenken, K., Meelen, T., Arets, M. ve Glind, P. V. D. (2015). Smarter regulation for the sharing economy. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2015/may/20/smarter-regulation-for-the-sharing-economy.
  • Gurran. N. ve Phibbs, P. (2017) When tourists move in: How should urban planners respond to Airbnb?, Journal of the American Planning Association, 83(1), 80-92.
  • Gutierrez, J., Garcia-Palomares, J. C., Romanillos, G. ve Salas-Olmedo, M. H. (2017). The eruption of Airbnb in tourist cities: Comparing spatial patterns of hotels and peer-to-peer accommodation in Barcelona, Tourism Management, 62, 278-291.
  • Guttentag, D., Smith, S., Potwarka, L. ve Havitz, M. (2018). Why tourists choose Airbnb: A motivation-based segmentation study, Journal of Travel Research, 57(3), 342-359.
  • Gül, İ, Dinçer, M. Z. ve Çetin, G. (2018). Paylaşım ekonomisi ve turizme etkileri üzerine bir değerlendirme, Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 7-16.
  • Heo Y. C. (2016). Sharing economy and prospects in tourism research, Annals Of Tourism Research, 58, 166-170.
  • Hughes, N. (2018). ‘Tourists go home’: Anti-tourism industry protest in Barcelona, Social Movement Studies, 17(4), 471-477.
  • İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (2012). Türkiye ve İstanbul bölgesinde turizm (2012). İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı.
  • Insideairbnb (12.07.2021). http://insideairbnb.com/istanbul/? neighbourhood=Beyoglu&filterEntireHomes=false&filterHighlyAvailable=false&filterRecentReviews=false&filterMultiListings=false
  • Juneja, P. (2020). Overview of the sharing economy and the emerging world of work. https://www.managementstudyguide.com/sharing-economy-and-emerging-world-of-work.htm
  • Kişi, N. (2018). Paylaşım ekonomisinin ulaşım sektörüne yansımaları: Uber örneği, Uluslararası Yönetim ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(10), 57-68.
  • Koçak, Y. ve Ulema, Ş. (2020). Paylaşım ekonomisinde yasal sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri: Airbnb Örneği, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 3021-3038.
  • Konak S. (2020). İstanbul’u ziyaret eden yabancı turistlerin Airbnb uygulamasını tercih etme nedenleri, International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 4(1), 79-90.
  • Lima, V. (2019). Towards an understanding of the regional impact of Airbnb in Ireland, Regional Studies, Regional Science, 6(1), 78-91.
  • Lutz, C. ve Newlands, G. (2018). Consumer segmentation within the sharing economy: The case of Airbnb, Journal of Business Research, 88, 187-196.
  • Mao, Z. ve Lyu, J. (2017). Why travelers use Airbnb again? An integrative approach to understanding travelers’ repurchase intention, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(9), 2464-2482.
  • Markoç, İ. (2020). Airbnb’s socio-economic effects to neighborhood dynamics: Besiktas, Istanbul, Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(17), 71-81.
  • Meelen, T. ve Frenken, K. (2015). Stop saying uber is part of the sharing economy. Fastcompany. https://www.fastcompany.com/3040863/stop-saying-uber-is-part-of-the-sharing-economy
  • Mendes, L. (2018) Tourism gentrification in Lisbon: Neoliberal turn and financialisation of real estate in a scenario of austerity urbanism. I. David (Ed.), crisis, austerity and transformation: How disciplining neoliberalism is changing portugal içinde. Lexington.
  • Mermet, A. (2017). Critical insights from the exploratory analysis of the ‘Airbnb syndrome’ in Reykjavík. M. Gravari-Barbas ve S. Guinand (Eds.), tourism and gentrification in contemporary metropolises içinde. (ss. 52–75). Routledge.
  • Midgett, C., Bendickson, J.S., Muldoon, J. ve Solomon, S.J. (2017). The sharing economy and sustainability: A case for AirBnB, Small Business Institute Journal, 13(2), 51-71.
  • OECD (2016). Tourism trends and policies 2016. OECD Publishing.
  • Pekarkova, K. (2018). The sharing economy in 2018 and resulting problems of short-term rentals: How airbnb affects the czech republic and what could be done to resolve the issues? [Doktora tezi], State University of New York.
  • Petruzzi, M. A., Marques, G. S., do Carmo, M. ve Correia, A. (2020). Airbnb and neighbourhoods: An exploratory study, International Journal of Tourism Cities, 6(1), 72-89.
  • Postma, A. ve Schmuecker, D. (2017). Understanding and overcoming negative impacts of tourism in city destinations: Conceptual model and strategic framework, Journal of Tourism Futures, 3(2), 144-156.
  • Russo, A. P. ve Scarnato, A. (2018). “Barcelona in common”: A new urban regime for the 21st-century tourist city?, Journal of Urban Affairs, 40(4), 455-474.
  • Schor, J. (2015). The sharing economy: Reports from stage one. Boston College.
  • Shabrina, Z., Arcaute, E. ve Batty, M. (2021). Airbnb and its potential impact on the London housing market, Urban Studies, 1-25.
  • Slee, T. (2015). What’s yours is mine: Against the sharing economy. OR Books.
  • Smith, M. K., Sziva, I. P. ve Olt, G. (2019). Overtourism and resident resistance in Budapest, Tourism Planning & Development, 16(4), 376-392.
  • So, K.K.F., Oh, H. ve Min, S. (2018). Motivations and constraints of Airbnb consumers: Findings from a mixed-methods approach, Tourism Management, 67, 224-236.
  • Stors, N. ve Kagermeier, A. (2015). Motives for using Airbnb in metropolitan tourism—Why do people sleep in the bed of a stranger?. Regions Magazine, 299(1), 17-19.
  • Sundararajan, A. (2016). The sharing economy: The end of employment and the rise of crowd-based capitalism. MIT Press.
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Koray Genç 0000-0001-5477-4683

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date November 5, 2021
Acceptance Date December 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Genç, K. (2021). Turizmde paylaşım ekonomisi tartışmaları ve İstanbul: Airbnb örneği. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(46-1), 1343-1357. https://doi.org/10.31795/baunsobed.1019673

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