THE AMERICAN MR. WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE MARSHALL PLAN. EVALUATION OF RUSSELL DORR'S REPORT ON IMPRESSIONS ON TÜRKİYE

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 164 - 173, 31.12.2023

Olcay Çınkır Özbitirgiç

https://doi.org/10.52735/bellek.1383116

Abstract

After World War II, the European economy completely collapsed. Since production shifted to the arms industry during the war, agricultural production came to a halt and hunger occurred. The Soviet Union, which emerged stronger from the war, took advantage of this situation and carried out activities to spread communism in Eastern European countries. At that time, the only state that could be considered equal to the Soviets in terms of balance of power was the United States. The USA did not want communism to spread in the Middle East and Eastern Europe. In this direction, 16 European countries and allies representing Germany came together at the Paris Conference, where Soviet Russia did not participate, and prepared the European Development Program on how and where the aid would be used. After some arrangements were made, the USA gained the upper hand in Europe with the Marshall plan, which was passed by the US Congress. With the aid it provided, it prevented the decrease in the amount of exports in Europe and also had the opportunity to intervene in the areas and places where this aid would be used. In this way, it made the countries it aided economically dependent on it. At that time, Turkey approached the USA and the Western bloc to escape from political loneliness after the end of the war and against the Soviet threat. Türkiye acted very willingly regarding the Truman doctrine and Marshall economic aid. In fact, these aids came to determine even the success of the administrations in Turkey at that time. Since Turkey did not participate in the war in the beginning, it was not included in this aid, but later it was included among the countries to which this aid would be given, on the condition that it agreed to be the grain depot of Europe and gave up its heavy industry. Thus, a four-year aid process covering the years 1948-1952 began. Europe developed in a short time as a result of the aid provided.

Keywords

Marshall Plan, Türkiye, Russell Dorr.

MARSHALL PLANI ÇERÇEVESİNDE AMERİKALI MR. RUSSELL DORR'UN TÜRKİYE İZLENİMLERİNE DAİR RAPORUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

İkinci Dünya Savaşından sonra Avrupa ekonomisi tamamen çökmüştür. Savaş esnasında üretim silah sanayiine kaymış olduğu için tarımsal üretim durma noktasına gelmiş ve bu durumda açlık baş göstermiştir.

Keywords

Marshall Planı, Türkiye, Russell Dorr.

References

• BCA, (1950). Russell Dorr, Heyet Başkanının Gezisine Ait Muhtranın Tercümesi.
• Bozkurt, T, İ., ve Aytar, İ. H. II. Dünya Savaşı Sonrası Uluslararası Ekonomiye Eklemlenme Sürecinde Türkiye’nin Deniz Ticareti ve Liman Politikası (1945-1960). Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(31), 2015, 333-357.
• Demir, N., & Tekir, O. Marshall Planı, Yeni İpek Yolu Projesi ve Çin-Abd Rekabeti. İnönü Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 2018, 32-45.