Analysing the Legal Status and International Responsibility of the Israel Occupation in Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque: A Future Perspective

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 57 - 74, 30.06.2024

Mohammad Yousef

https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.1361712

Abstract

Since the Nakba in 1948, al-Quds/Jerusalem has undergone numerous political and legal changes. This paper discusses the legal status of Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque, international court decisions, and potential civil and criminal responsibilities of the Israeli occupation for violations of international laws in occupied Jerusalem. It also highlights the future legal status of Jerusalem considering Jordan’s current role and the challenges the International Criminal Court may face in investigating Israeli crimes in Palestine, especially Jerusalem. Finally, it offers local, Arab, and international proposals to counter Israeli plans to Judaize and occupy Al-Aqsa Mosque and alter the current status.

Keywords

Al-Aqsa Mosque, Palestine, legal future, Israeli occupation, international courts

تحليل الوضع القانوني والمسؤولية الدولية للاحتلال الإسرائيلي في القدس والمسجد الأقصى: رؤية مستقبلية

Abstract

شهدت مدينة القدس المحتلة منذ عام النكبة في 1948 حتى يومنا هذا العديد من التحولات على الصعيد السياسي والقانوني وصدرت العديد من القرارات الدولية بهذا الشأن، سنناقش في هذه الورقة العلمية الوضع القانوني لمدينة القدس والمسجد الأقصى ومن ثم نعرج على قرارات المحاكم الدولية في هذا السياق، ونبحث في المسؤولية الدولية المحتملة بشقيها المدني والجنائي الذي يتحملها الاحتلال الإسرائيلي ككيان وأشخاص بسبب انتهاكاتهم المستمرة للقوانين والأعراف الدولية في مدينة القدس. كما سنسلط الضوء على مستقبل الوضع القانوني لمدينة القدس في ظل الدور الأردني الراهن وسنناقش الصعوبات والتحديات المحتملة التي ستواجهها المحكمة الجنائية الدولية خلال تحقيقها بالجرائم الإسرائيلية المرتكبة في فلسطين عموماً والقدس بشكل خاص. وأخيراً تقدم الورقة العلمية مقترحات محلية، عربية ودولية للتعامل مع مخططات الاحتلال الرامية لتهويد واحتلال المسجد الأقصى وتغيير الوضع القائم.

Keywords

المسجد الأقصى, فلسطين, المستقبل القانوني, الاحتلال الإسرائيلي, المحاكم الدولية

Kudüs ve Mescid-i Aksa’daki İsrail İşgalinin Hukuki Durumunu ve Uluslararası Sorumluluğu Analiz Etmek: Gelecek Perspektifi

Abstract

Kudüs şehri, 1948 Nekbe yılından günümüze kadar siyasi ve hukuki düzeyde pek çok dönüşüme sahne olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Kudüs ve Mescid-i Aksa'nın hukuki statüsü, uluslararası mahkeme kararları ve işgal altındaki Kudüs'te uluslararası hukuk ihlallerinden dolayı İsrail işgalinin olası hukuki ve cezai sorumlulukları tartışılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda mevcut Ürdün vesayeti altındaki Kudüs şehrinin hukuki statüsünün geleceğine ışık tutulmakta ve Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi'nin İsrail'in genel olarak Filistin'de, özel olarak da Kudüs'te işlediği suçlara ilişkin soruşturması sırasında karşılaşabileceği potansiyel zorluklar incelenmektedir. Son olarak çalışma, İsrail'in Mescid-i Aksa'yı Yahudileştirme, işgal etme ve mevcut statüyü değiştirme planları karşısında yerel, Arap ve uluslararası düzeyde öneriler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Mescid-i Aksa, Filistin, Hukuki Gelecek, İsrail işgali, Uluslararası Mahkemeler

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