Sağlık Harcamaları, Hükümet Etkinliği ve Beklenen Yaşam Süresi: OECD Ülkelerinden Yeni Kanıtlar

Abstract

Sağlık sonuçlarını etkileyen birçok farklı etken vardır. Bu etkenlerden bazıları sağlık sonuçlarını iyileştirirken bazıları ise sağlık sonuçlarını kötüleştirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 2002-2019 dönemi için 35 OECD (Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü) ülkesinde yönetişim göstergelerinden olan hükümet etkinliğinin yanında kişi başına gelirin, kişi başına sağlık harcamalarının ve eğitimin beklenen yaşam süresi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda serilerin durağanlık özellikleri Pesaran (2007) tarafından önerilen CIPS (yatay kesitsel genişletilmiş Im, Pesaran, Shin) testi ile incelenmiştir. Durbin-Hausman (D-H) testi ile değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki incelenmiş ve uzun dönem katsayı tahminleri için Panel ARDL tahmincilerinden Havuzlanmış Ortalama Grup (PMG) metodu uygulanmıştır. D-H eşbütünleşme testi, beklenen yaşam süresi, kişi başına gelir, kişi başına sağlık harcamaları, hükümet etkinliği ve eğitim arasında uzun dönemde ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. PMG tahmincisi, beklenen yaşam süresini iyileştirmede kişi başına gelirin, kişi başına sağlık harcamalarının, hükümet etkinliğinin ve eğitimin olumlu etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar ampirik çalışmaların sonuçlarını doğrular niteliktedir. 

Keywords

• Beklenen yaşam süresi
• sağlık harcamaları
• hükümet etkinliği
• Panel ARDL Yöntemi

Health Expenditure, Government Effectiveness and Life Expectancy: New Evidence from OECD Countries

Abstract

There are many different factors that affect health outcomes. Some of these factors improve health outcomes, while others worsen health outcomes. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of per capita income, per capita health expenditures and education on life expectancy, as well as government effectiveness, which is one of the governance indicators in 35 OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ) countries for the period 2002-2019. For this purpose, the stationarity properties of the series is examined with the CIPS (cross-sectionally augmented Im-Pesaran-Shin (CIPS)) test proposed by Pesaran (2007). The long-term relationship between the variables is examined with the Durbin-Hausman (D-H) test and the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) method, one of the Panel ARDL estimators, was applied for long-term coefficient estimations. The D-H cointegration test revealed a long-term relationship between life expectancy, per capita income, per capita health expenditures, government effectiveness, and education. The PMG estimator found that per capita income, per capita health expenditures, government effectiveness and education has a positive impact on improving life expectancy. The results obtained confirm the results of empirical studies.

Keywords

• life expectancy
• health expenditures
• government effectiveness
• panel ARDL approach

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