Türkiye Türkçesindeki -miş Ekinin Dolaylılık ve Dolaylılık-Dışı Kullanımlarında Zamansal Atıf

Abstract

Bu makalede amacı, Türkiye Türkçesindeki -miş ekinin dolaylılık ve dolaylılık-dışı kullanımlarında görülen zamansal ilişkiler, onun ve Türk dillerinde ona benzeyen şekillerin artzamanlı gelişimlerine bakılarak ele alınmaktadır. Zamansal atıf çerçevesinde, -miş ekinin olay zamanı, konuşma zamanı ve atıf zamanı şeklindeki farklı zamansal sıralanma ilişkilerini hangi anlamlar ve duygu değerleriyle birlikte ilettiği örneklerle gösterilmektedir. Zamansal sıralanma ilişkileri, görünüşzaman kavram ve kategorilerine bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Türkiye Türkçesindeki bitimli -miş ekinin, tarihî olarak sonuçsallık bildiren eski bir sıfat-fiil olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu yüzden bu çalışma, sonuçsallığa ve bitmişliğe özgü zamansal anlamların, -miş ekinin dolaylılık ve dolaylılık-dışı bitimli kullanımlarına ne ölçüde yansıdığını göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• miş eki, zaman, zamansal atıf, görünüş, dolaylılık, sonuçsallık, bitmişlik, geçmişteki bitmişlik, sonlanmışlık

Temporal Reference and the Turkish suffix -miş

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to deal with temporal relations, which are observed in indirective and non-indirective uses of the Turkish suffix -miş, by considering the diachronic development of -miş and its similars in Turkic languages. The paper demonstrates with examples how the suffix -miş expresses different temporal order relations such as speech time, event time and reference time along with which meanings and connotations. Temporal order relations change depending on aspectotemporal notions and categories. It is well known that the finite marker -miş in modern Turkish was historically an ancient resultative participle. Therefore, this paper aims to demonstrate to what extent temporal meanings peculiar to resultativity and perfect are reflected in the indirective and non -indirective finite uses of the suffix -miş.

Keywords

• The suffix -miş, tense, temporal reference, aspect, indirectivity, resultativity, perfect, pluperfect, constativity

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