Tarih, Kimlik ve Dış Politika: Rusya Federasyonu Güncel Tarih Ders Kitaplarında Osmanlı-Türk İmajı

Year 2016, Issue: 76, 1 - 32, 01.06.2016

Evren Balta Süheyla Demir

Abstract

Bu makale tarih eğitimi yoluyla kurulan kolektif inanç ve kimliğin uluslararası siyaseti ve dış politikayı anlamada kurucu bir öneme sahip olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Her ne kadar doksanlı yıllardan itibaren ders kitaplarının siyasetle ilişkisi önemli bir araştırma gündemi haline gelmiş olsa da, tarih eğitiminin ve tarihsel hafızanın uluslararası siyasetteki rolü hala yeterince çalışılmamış bir konudur.Bu makalede tarih ve kimlik arasındaki ilişki üzerinden giderek Rusya Federasyonu güncel tarih ders kitaplarında, Osmanlı-Türk imgesinin nasıl çizildiği analiz edilmektedir. İncelenen tarih ders kitapları göstermektedir ki Rusya federasyonunun kimliği, temelde Batı karşıtlığı üzerinden şekillenmektedir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu/Türkiye bu kimlik anlatısında bağımsız bir aktör olarak resmedilmez, Batı’nın kendi çıkarları için harekete geçirdiği, desteklediği bir “maşa” olarak resmedilir

Keywords

Dış politika, ulusal kimlik, tarih eğitimi, tarih ders kitapları, Rusya Federasyonu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Türkiye

History, Identity and Foreign Policy: Ottoman-Turkish Image in the Current History Textbooks of the Russian Federation

Abstract

This article argues that the collective belief and identity transmitted through history education has a constitutive significance for the understanding of foreign policy and international politics. While the relationship of school textbooks to politics has become a significant area of research, the role played by history education and historical memory in international politics still remains understudied. This paper presents, in the context of the interaction between history and identity, an analysis of the depiction of the Ottoman-Turk image in the history textbooks currently used in the Russian Federation. In the textbooks under scrutiny, the West emerges as the real Other in the construction of Russian national identity, in parallel with contemporary Russian foreign policy. The dominant Russian narrative depicts the West as an actor opposed to the strengthening of Russia. The Ottoman Empire/Turkey is described not as an independent actor in this relationship, but as a “stooge” always mobilized and supported by the West for its own interest.

Keywords

Foreign Policy, national identity, history education, history textbooks, Russian Federation, Ottoman Empire, Turkey

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