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Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics
Abstract
The aim of this article is to discuss the causality concepts of Muslim scholars (mutakallimūn) in terms of modern physics theories and to shed light on the ongoing debates in this context. It is possible to say that there are three attitudes about causality in the Islamic kalām. The first one is the concepts that adopt the principle of causality based on the theory of nature (ṭabʽ); the second is the concepts of Ashārītes that deny causality and explain the relations between entities in the universe with the concept of possibility based on the theory of custom (ʽādah), and the third one is the understanding of the Baṣra school, which accepts causality in some subjects and explains some issues with the concept of ʽādah. In modern physics, a similar divergence is seen between Newtonian determinist understandings and indeterminist understandings based on Quantum uncertainty. In some recent research, it is argued that there are significant similarities between the principle of quantum uncertainty and the theory of custom. In this article, the causality conceptions of mutakallimūn are addressed with the context of the theories of ʽādah and ṭabʽ. Then analyzes are made on the aspects of these understandings that match and diverge with the idea of causality implied by modern physics. Consequently, a new reading is suggested, taking into account modern physics, based on the theories of mutakallimūn who accept natures and causality in natural beings –especially Abū Isḥāq al-Naẓẓām (d. 231/845)-.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
Tübitak Bilim İnsanı Destekleme Dairesi Başkanlığına (BİDEB)
Project Number
1059B141600845
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
May 15, 2020
Submission Date
February 27, 2020
Acceptance Date
May 9, 2020
Published in Issue
Year 2020 Volume: 2020 Number: 41
APA
Kandemir, A. M. (2020). Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname, 2020(41), 691-722. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.695671
AMA
1.Kandemir AM. Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname. 2020;2020(41):691-722. doi:10.28949/bilimname.695671
Chicago
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. 2020. “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”. Bilimname 2020 (41): 691-722. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.695671.
EndNote
Kandemir AM (May 1, 2020) Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname 2020 41 691–722.
IEEE
[1]A. M. Kandemir, “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”, Bilimname, vol. 2020, no. 41, pp. 691–722, May 2020, doi: 10.28949/bilimname.695671.
ISNAD
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”. Bilimname 2020/41 (May 1, 2020): 691-722. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.695671.
JAMA
1.Kandemir AM. Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname. 2020;2020:691–722.
MLA
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”. Bilimname, vol. 2020, no. 41, May 2020, pp. 691-22, doi:10.28949/bilimname.695671.
Vancouver
1.Ahmet Mekin Kandemir. Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname. 2020 May 1;2020(41):691-722. doi:10.28949/bilimname.695671