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Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics
Öz
The aim of this article is to discuss the causality concepts of Muslim scholars (mutakallimūn) in terms of modern physics theories and to shed light on the ongoing debates in this context. It is possible to say that there are three attitudes about causality in the Islamic kalām. The first one is the concepts that adopt the principle of causality based on the theory of nature (ṭabʽ); the second is the concepts of Ashārītes that deny causality and explain the relations between entities in the universe with the concept of possibility based on the theory of custom (ʽādah), and the third one is the understanding of the Baṣra school, which accepts causality in some subjects and explains some issues with the concept of ʽādah. In modern physics, a similar divergence is seen between Newtonian determinist understandings and indeterminist understandings based on Quantum uncertainty. In some recent research, it is argued that there are significant similarities between the principle of quantum uncertainty and the theory of custom. In this article, the causality conceptions of mutakallimūn are addressed with the context of the theories of ʽādah and ṭabʽ. Then analyzes are made on the aspects of these understandings that match and diverge with the idea of causality implied by modern physics. Consequently, a new reading is suggested, taking into account modern physics, based on the theories of mutakallimūn who accept natures and causality in natural beings –especially Abū Isḥāq al-Naẓẓām (d. 231/845)-.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
Tübitak Bilim İnsanı Destekleme Dairesi Başkanlığına (BİDEB)
Proje Numarası
1059B141600845
Kaynakça
- AL-BAGHDĀDĪ, ʽAbd al-Qāhir. al-Farq bayn al-firaq. Ed. M. Uthmān Al-Husht, Cairo: Maktaba Ibn Sīnā, 1988.
- AL-FĀRĀBĪ, Abū Naṣr. Arāu Ahl al-Madīna al-Fāḍila. Ed. A. Nasri Nader. Beirut: Dār al-Mashrik, 1986.
- AL-GHAZĀLĪ, Abū Hāmid. Tahāfut al-falāsifa. Ed. Mahmut Kaya-Hüseyin Sarıoğlu. İstanbul: YEK Publications, 2014.
- AL-JUWAYNĪ, Imām al-Ḥaramayn. Kitāb al-Irshād ilā ḳawāṭiʻ al-adilla fī usūl al-iʻtiḳād. Ed. Ahmad Abd al-Rahman ai-Sāyih-Tavfīk Ali Vahba. Cairo: Maktaba al-Sakāfe al-Dīnīyya, 2009.
- AL-KHAYYĀṬ, Abu al-Husayn. al-Intiṣār wa al-radd ʻalā Ibn al-Rāwandī al-mulḥid. Ed. H. S. Nyberg. Beyrut: Mektebü’d-Dârü’l-ʻArabiyye li’l-Kitâb, 1993.
- AL-NASAFĪ, Abu al-Muʻīn. Tabṣira al-adilla fī usūl al-dīn. Ed. Hüseyin Atay-Şaban Ali Düzgün. 2 Cilt. Ankara: DİB Publications, 2004.
- AL-NĪSĀBŪRĪ, Abū Rashid. Kitab al-Masāil fī al-khilāf bayna al-Baṣriyīn wa-al-Baghdādhiyīn. Ed. Maʻan Ziyāda-Ridwān al-Sayyid. Beyrut: Maʻhad al-Anmā al-ʽArabī, 1979.
- AL-SHAHRİSTĀNĪ, Abu al-Fatḥ. al-Milal wa al-niḥal. Ed. Abū ʽAli Mahnā-ʽAli Hasan Fāʻūr. Beirut: Dār al-Maʻrifa, 1993.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
15 Mayıs 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi
27 Şubat 2020
Kabul Tarihi
9 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2020 Cilt: 2020 Sayı: 41
APA
Kandemir, A. M. (2020). Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname, 2020(41), 691-722. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.695671
AMA
1.Kandemir AM. Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname. 2020;2020(41):691-722. doi:10.28949/bilimname.695671
Chicago
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. 2020. “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”. Bilimname 2020 (41): 691-722. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.695671.
EndNote
Kandemir AM (01 Mayıs 2020) Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname 2020 41 691–722.
IEEE
[1]A. M. Kandemir, “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”, Bilimname, c. 2020, sy 41, ss. 691–722, May. 2020, doi: 10.28949/bilimname.695671.
ISNAD
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”. Bilimname 2020/41 (01 Mayıs 2020): 691-722. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.695671.
JAMA
1.Kandemir AM. Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname. 2020;2020:691–722.
MLA
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. “Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics”. Bilimname, c. 2020, sy 41, Mayıs 2020, ss. 691-22, doi:10.28949/bilimname.695671.
Vancouver
1.Ahmet Mekin Kandemir. Debates on Causality in Islamic Kalām and Modern Physics. Bilimname. 01 Mayıs 2020;2020(41):691-722. doi:10.28949/bilimname.695671